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Darwin Correspondence Project

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Heredity

Summary

Holding page (Alison)

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  • … Holding page (Alison) …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … ed., pp. 151–7). Fleeming Jenkin and problems of heredity Another important criticism …
  • … The article addressed specifically Darwin’s hypothesis of heredity, ‘pangenesis’, as presented in …
  • … in turn to the development of his own distinct theory of heredity, which diverged substantially from …

Darwin in letters,1866: Survival of the fittest

Summary

The year 1866 began well for Charles Darwin, as his health, after several years of illness, was now considerably improved. In February, Darwin received a request from his publisher, John Murray, for a new edition of  Origin. Darwin got the fourth…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … from  Columbia livia , the rock pigeon. Darwin on heredity: the 'provisional …

Inheritance

Summary

It was crucial to Darwin’s theories of species change that naturally occurring variations could be inherited.  But at the time when he wrote Origin, he had no explanation for how inheritance worked – it was just obvious that it did.  Darwin’s attempt to…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … that it did. Darwin’s attempt to describe how heredity might work, his 'provisional …
  • … ( Variation , vol. 2, p. 2). He postulated that heredity occurred through ‘gemmules’, which he …
  • … not only of his ideas, but of the general discussion of heredity in nineteenth-century science and …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

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  • … ( letter to Hermann Müller, 14 March 1870 ). Heredity Darwin received a string of …

Essay: What is Darwinism?

Summary

—by Asa Gray WHAT IS DARWINISM? The Nation, May 28, 1874 The question which Dr. Hodge asks he promptly and decisively answers: ‘What is Darwinism? it is atheism.’ Leaving aside all subsidiary and incidental matters, let us consider–1. What the…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … of the following natural laws, viz.: First, the law of Heredity, or that by which like begets like …
  • … for life, it will survive. This variation, by the law of heredity, will be transmitted to its …

4.40 'Phrenological Magazine'

Summary

< Back to Introduction Among the stranger uses of Rejlander’s photograph of Darwin (the very popular profile view) was as an illustration in Lorenzo Niles Fowler’s Phrenological Magazine of 1880; it accompanied an article titled ‘Charles Darwin – A…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … to such theories, in so far as they could be associated with heredity and eugenics. However, Fowler …

About Darwin

Summary

To many of us, Darwin’s name is synonymous with his theory of evolution by natural selection.  But even before the publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859, he was publicly known through his popular book about the voyage of the Beagle, and he was…

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  • … departure for Darwin’s important works on variation, human heredity, and the evolution of emotions.  …

About Darwin

Summary

To many of us, Darwin’s name is synonymous with his theory of evolution by natural selection.  But even before the publication of On the Origin of Species in 1859, he was publicly known through his popular book about the voyage of the Beagle, and he was…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … departure for Darwin’s important works on variation, human heredity, and the evolution of emotions.  …

Women as a scientific audience

Summary

Target audience? | Female readership | Reading Variation Darwin's letters, in particular those exchanged with his editors and publisher, reveal a lot about his intended audience. Regardless of whether or not women were deliberately targeted as a…

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  • … Charlotte Pape responds to Darwin and Galton’s works on heredity. She is investigating whether …

Darwin’s species notebooks: ‘I think . . .’

Summary

I have lately been sadly tempted to be idle, that is as far as pure geology is concerned, by the delightful number of new views, which have been coming in, thickly & steadily, on the classification & affinities & instincts of animals—bearing…

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  • … poet Erasmus Darwin. The early notebooks thus focus on heredity and other topics relevant to …

Francis Galton

Summary

Galton was a naturalist, statistician, and evolutionary theorist. He was a second cousin of Darwin’s, having descended from his grandfather, Erasmus. Born in Birmingham in 1822, Galton studied medicine at King’s College, London, and also read mathematics…

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  • … George, who shared Galton’s more statistical approach to heredity. Having dismissed the …

Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute

Summary

Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … came to light that seemed to support his beloved theory of heredity, the ‘provisional hypothesis of …
  • … would tend to be swamped over time, given a theory of heredity that relied on blending inheritance, …

Language: key letters

Summary

How and why language evolved bears on larger questions about the evolution of the human species, and the relationship between man and animals. Darwin presented his views on the development of human speech from animal sounds in The Descent of Man (1871),…

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  • … in their own way—are going. The first denying all heredity (all transmission except specific) …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time.  And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth.  All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

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  • … in his case in the hope of confirming Darwin’s views on heredity as expressed in the pangenesis …
  • … time, Haeckel had developed and published a rival theory of heredity named perigenesis, which he …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

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  • … out experiments that might help confirm Darwin’s theory of heredity. ‘I am a young man yet, and hope …
  • … and Galton went on to develop his own theory of heredity in a series of articles in 1875 and 1876, …

Natural selection

Summary

How do new species arise?  This was the ancient question that Charles Darwin tackled soon after returning to England from the Beagle voyage in October 1836. Darwin realised a crucial (and cruel) fact: far more individuals of each species were born than…

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  • … organs, and differences between the sexes.  Generation and heredity are thus significant elements in …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

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  • … was clearly intended to offer a comprehensive account of heredity and development: Darwin thought …

Darwin in letters, 1864: Failing health

Summary

On receiving a photograph from Charles Darwin, the American botanist Asa Gray wrote on 11 July 1864: ‘the venerable beard gives the look of your having suffered, and … of having grown older’.  Because of poor health, Because of poor health, Darwin…

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  • … in experimental work, and an interest in dimorphism and heredity that was scarcely matched by anyone …

Darwin in letters, 1882: Nothing too great or too small

Summary

In 1882, Darwin reached his 74th year Earthworms had been published the previous October, and for the first time in decades he was not working on another book. He remained active in botanical research, however. Building on his recent studies in plant…

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  • … were mixed, partly owing to the complexity of his views on heredity. His belief in human improvement …
  • … ‘daringly addressed’ him on the subject of ‘how far heredity is limited by sex’, and the constraints …
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