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Darwin Correspondence Project

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Darwin Correspondence Project
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Life of Erasmus Darwin

Summary

The Life of Erasmus Darwin (1879) was a curious departure for Darwin. It was intended as a biographical note to accompany an essay on Erasmus's scientific work by the German writer Ernst Krause. But Darwin became immersed in his grandfather's…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … had evidently quarrelled with the doctor. 'She had the habit of coloring her facts till they …
  • … Darwin had struggled to understand Butler's Life and Habit (1878), which seemed to …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … sleeping to see whether it was able to resume its nocturnal habit: ‘will you be so good as to shake …
  • … 24 September 1877 about his forthcoming work, Life and habit , ‘as mad mad mad as a book can be …
  • … that the answer lay in Lamarck’s theory of inherited habit, which he reworked into his own account …

4.16 Joseph Simms, physiognomy

Summary

< Back to Introduction In September 1874, the American doctor Joseph Simms, then on a three-year lecture tour of Britain, sent Darwin a copy of his book, Nature’s Revelations of Character; Or, Physiognomy Illustrated. He was seeking a public…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … that there was a pathognomic element in this phenomenon: the habit of focused scrutiny ‘will …

The expression of emotions

Summary

Darwin’s work on emotional expression, from notes in his Beagle diary and observations of his own children, to questionnaires, and experiments with photographs, was an integral part of his broad research on human evolution. It provided one of the main…

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  • … instinctual, or acquired through learning and fixed by habit? Did animals have comparable feelings, …

Sydney, Australia

Summary

Aborigines

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  • … to distinguish the aboriginal manner from the acquired habit'. …

Darwin's life in letters

Summary

For all his working life, Darwin used letters as a way both of discussing ideas and gathering the ‘great quantities of facts’ that he used in developing and supporting his theories. They form a fascinating collection from many hundreds of correspondents,…

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  • … even specimens. So many letters flowed in that Darwin had a habit of burning batches of old letters …

Darwin and dogs

Summary

Darwin was almost always in the company of dogs. Nina, Spark, Pincher, and Shiela. Snow, Dash, Bob, and Bran. The beloved terrier Polly (right). They were Darwin's constant companions at home and in the field, on walks and in sport, in his study and…

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  • … noting how its every bone and muscle, instinct and habit, were fitted to run down hare. …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … existing forms, and much to use and disuse or the effects of habit. To this latter agency he seems …

How old is the earth?

Summary

One of Darwin’s chief difficulties in making converts to his views, was convincing a sceptical public, and some equally sceptical physicists, that there had been enough time since the advent of life on earth for the slow process of natural selection to…

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  • … sides of the ancient Weald-Bay . . .  It has long been my habit to observe the shape and state of …

German poems presented to Darwin

Summary

Experiments in deepest reverence The following poems were enclosed with a photograph album sent as a birthday gift to Charles Darwin by his German and Austrian admirers (see letter from From Emil Rade, [before 16] February 1877). The poems were…

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  • … only the old will cry As your glory fades. The habit, the cowl Has truly sheltered …

Francis Galton

Summary

Galton was a naturalist, statistician, and evolutionary theorist. He was a second cousin of Darwin’s, having descended from his grandfather, Erasmus. Born in Birmingham in 1822, Galton studied medicine at King’s College, London, and also read mathematics…

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  • … organs, isolated from the effects of environment or habit. Galton shared his views in several …

Darwin’s observations on his children

Summary

Charles Darwin’s observations on the development of his children, began the research that culminated in his book The Expression of the emotions in man and animals, published in 1872, and his article ‘A biographical sketch of an infant’, published in Mind…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … instinct to protect eyes.— I think he has  acquired habit  14  of closing eyes gently, from …
  • … He is very fond of kissing himself in the looking-glass,—a habit he continued for some months …
  • … as Charles used to do. Aug. This has grown into a great habit of abstraction going by herself & …

Full notes on editorial policy

Summary

The first and chief objective of this edition is to provide complete and authoritative texts of Darwin’s correspondence. For every letter to or from Darwin, the text that is available to the editors is always given in full. The editors have occasionally…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … or haste and may exhibit, over a series of letters, a habit of carelessness in writing to a …

Darwin's in letters, 1873: Animal or vegetable?

Summary

Having laboured for nearly five years on human evolution, sexual selection, and the expression of emotions, Darwin was able to devote 1873 almost exclusively to his beloved plants. He resumed work on the digestive powers of sundews and Venus fly traps, and…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Stephen Bennet Francois de Chaumont, whose daughter’s habit of shoulder shrugging and finger rubbing …
  • … 2 April 1873 ). The zoologist Henry Reeks suspected the habit of scratching one’s head when puzzled …

Correspondence with women

Summary

We know of letters to or from around 2000 correspondents, about 100 of whom were women. Using the letter summaries available on this website, the letters can be assigned to rough categories.  Included in the count are letters to women in Darwin’s family…

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  • … Darwin attributes this not to social causes, but to the very habit of dogged persistence that he …

Casting about: Darwin on worms

Summary

Earthworms were the subject of a citizen science project to map the distribution of earthworms across Britain (BBC Today programme, 26 May 2014). The general understanding of the role earthworms play in improving soils and providing nutrients for plants to…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … wire . After a while, looking for earthworm casts became a habit; Francis noticed worm casts in fir …

Henrietta Darwin's diary

Summary

Darwin's daughter Henrietta kept a diary for a few momentous weeks in 1871. This was the year in which Descent of Man, the most controversial of her father's books after Origin itself, appeared, a book which she had helped him write. The small…

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  • … steadily in the face, but for little ones to cultivate a habit of mind above & beyond I think w …

The death of Anne Elizabeth Darwin

Summary

Charles and Emma Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died at the age of ten in 1851.   Emma was heavily pregnant with their fifth son, Horace, at the time and could not go with Charles when he took Annie to Malvern to consult the hydrotherapist, Dr Gully.…

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  • … evinced no particular line of taste. She had one singular habit, which, I presume would ultimately …

Experimenting with emotions

Summary

Darwin’s interest in emotions can be traced as far back as the Beagle voyage. He was fascinated by the sounds and gestures of the peoples of Tierra del Fuego. On his return, he started recording observations in a set of notebooks, later labelled '…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … antithesis, and the direct action of the nervous system. Habit and association were closely linked …

Moral Nature

Summary

In Descent of Man, Darwin argued that human morality had evolved from the social instincts of animals, especially the bonds of sympathy and love. Darwin gathered observations over many decades on animal behavior: the heroic sacrifices of social insects,…

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  • … (either from an innate tendency or from one gained by habit) is deservedly more honoured than a man …
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