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Interview with Pietro Corsi

Summary

Pietro Corsi is Professor of the History of Science at the University of Oxford. His book Evolution Before Darwin is due to be published in 2010 by Oxford University Press. Date of interview: 17 July 2009 Transcription 1: Introduction …

Matches: 24 hits

  • … with that. Prof Corsi: Yes, well you see, the French scene deserves close attention. I …
  • … keep it very broad – were debated in Germany. The French scene is particularly interesting …
  • … to be as simple as possible. The assumption is that French science is basically concentrated …
  • … The reaction starts around ’23, ’24. The more the French government moves to the right wing, the …
  • … it was a matter of friendly contention with a couple of French historians – friends of mine – at a …
  • … The amount of reading British clergyman were doing in the French natural sciences I just described …
  • … I found several people quoting German literature from the French translations. So? more studying …
  • … picture of precursors that he lays out. His view of the French scene, for example, is extremely …
  • … trip with [Adam] Sedgwick. But when he started reading these French authors, for Darwin they were …
  • … 5. What was Darwin’s impact on the French transformist tradition? Dr White: Given …
  • … is now out there? does that really change the way the French talk about transformism and the way in …
  • … challenged. The earliest reaction to Darwin was typically French: ?We already said it.? That poses a …
  • … are also produced through use and lack of use. The French were aware of Lamarck and in fact, …
  • … 1870 was a confirmation. There is a big debate: did, really, French science decline? And of course, …
  • … to London in 1857 and writes back in shock. He says, no French collection can now equal the British …
  • … that British collections and private collectors have put French science out of the market. Funding …
  • … a kind of serious attempt to [topple] the superiority of French science, exemplifies it. So there is …
  • … into the reaction in scientific terms because of course the French developed their own form of …
  • … So Darwin’s natural selection was totally alien to the French scientific scene and to the French
  • … appeared to have been so late in understanding that [his French] translator was so rabid that it was …
  • … Now that’s hard stuff, but she was really not speaking a French language. That is, that was not …
  • … have published, why Darwin took so long – because he read French quite well - why he did not read …
  • … 6: The portrayal of Darwin among French scientists Dr White: I think I’ll just …
  • … today, and this is a striking observation if we think about French science as actually in decline at …

Science: A Man’s World?

Summary

Discussion Questions|Letters Darwin's correspondence show that many nineteenth-century women participated in the world of science, be it as experimenters, observers, editors, critics, producers, or consumers. Despite this, much of the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … also criticises Clémence Royer’s controversial French translation of the text. Self-taught in …

Clémence Auguste Royer

Summary

Getting Origin translated into French was harder than Darwin had expected. The first translator he approached, Madame Belloc, turned him down on the grounds that the content was ‘too scientific‘, and then in 1860 the French political exile  Pierre…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … Getting  Origin translated into French was harder than Darwin had expected. The first translator …
  • … content was ‘ too scientific ‘, and then in 1860 the French political exile   Pierre Talandier …
  • … after, Darwin’s luck changed when  Clemence Royer , a French author and economist living in Geneva …
  • … 2 or 3 days ago”, he told Asa Gray in 1862 , “a French Translation of the Origin by a Mad elle …
  • … of her sex”. Here, Claparede echoed the sentiment of French philosopher Ernest Renan who famously …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 31 hits

  • … T. Bennett ed. 1837 and [J. Rennie] ed. 1833] read 19  : French [? Annales de la Société …
  • … Drinkwater [J. E. Drinkwater] 1833]— Prof. Smyth. French Revolution 3 vols [Smyth 1840] …
  • … of Burns [Lockhart 1828] Seguir. Russian Expedition French [Ségur 1825] Catlins …
  • … [Royal Society of London 1839]— Meckel’s Anatomy. French Translat. [Meckel 1828–38] in Royal …
  • … account of migratory sheep of Provence; quoted by Young in French Tour. p. 423 [Young 1792].— (See …
  • … [Herbert 1837]— marginal notes 20 th  Carlyles French Revolution 3 vols [Carlyle 1837] …
  • … —— 31 Kitto on Deafness [Kitto 1845] —— the French in Algiers [Lamping 1845] 1846 …
  • … [Galt 1833] poor —— 20 th  Thiers French Revolution [Thiers 1838] dull & poor …
  • … Coll. of Surgeons? M r  Highley. 88  1852 French Translation of Von Siebold Lehrbuch der …
  • … 1827–46] Gmelin Botany of Siberia in Travels a French Edition [Gmelin 1767] (read) …
  • … Heers Flora Helvetica Tertiaria, translated into French by Gaudin—with additions [Heer 1854]. …
  • … Second vol. July 17 th . Heads Paris. Bundle of French Faggots [F. B. Head 1852a]. …
  • … Book) —— 10 Blumenbach. Manuel d’Hist Nat. 1803 French [Blumenbach 1803] (nothing) …
  • … of   Goree, and the River Gambia . Translated from the French. London. [Darwin Library.]  *119: …
  • … state of music in France and Italy . Translated from the French. London. [Other eds.]  119: 4a …
  • … America formerly called Louisiana. Translated from   French, by John Reinhold Forster … Together …
  • … the essay on Spain   of M. Peyron . Translated from the French. 3 vols. London. [Other eds.]  …
  • … la division des oiseaux en   ordres .) Latin and French. 6 vols. Paris.  128: 16, 18 …
  • … [Other eds.]  119: 10b ——. 1837.  The French revolution: a history.  3 vols. London. …
  • …   Florida and the Bahamas Islands . English and French. 2 vols. London.  128: 16 Catlin, …
  • … 1770.  A journey into Siberia . Translated from the French. London.  119: 9a Chardin, …
  • … The elements of   agriculture . Translated from the French by P. Miller. 2 vols. London.  *119: …
  • … influence of physical agents on life . Translated from the French by Dr. Hodgkin and Dr. Fisher. …
  • … the life of Count   de Grammont.  Translated from the French by Mr. Boyer. London. [Other eds.] …
  • … between …   1770 and 1790 . Translated from the French. 2 vols. London.  119: 21b Grote …
  • … in Europe, from the fall of the Roman Empire   to the French Revoluton . Oxford. [Other eds.]  …
  • … at   Petersburgh … and rendered into English from the French   translation, by W. Radcliffe . …
  • … *119: 15; 119: 17b ——. 1852a.  A faggot of French sticks or Paris in 1851  etc. New York. …
  • … parts by Adèle Hommaire de Hell.] Translated from the French. London.  119: 22a [Hook, …
  • … through Tartary and   Thibet”.  Translated from the French. 2 vols. London. [Other eds.]  *128: …
  • … essay on the kingdom of New Spain . Translated from the French by John Black. 2 vols. New York. …

1.9 Rajon, etching after Ouless

Summary

< Back to Introduction This large and impressive etching by the French artist Paul Adolphe Rajon reproduces Ouless’s oil portrait of Darwin of 1875, probably on the basis of an agreement between painter and engraver. The ‘over-hardness’ of effect…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … This large and impressive etching by the French artist Paul Adolphe Rajon reproduces Ouless’s oil …

Lost in translation: From Auguste Forel, 12 November 1874

Summary

You receive a gift from your scientific hero Charles Darwin. It is a book that contains sections on your favourite topic—ants. If only you had paid attention when your mother tried to teach you English you might be able to read it. But you didn’t, and you…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … to read the book, even though Forel corresponded with him in French and had used that language to …
  • … that held Forel back. He was a German speaker but preferred French. In fact, he liked French so much …
  • … that she could barely understand a word. Writing in French on 12 November 1874 to thank …

Hensleigh Wedgwood

Summary

Hensleigh Wedgwood, Emma Darwin’s brother and Charles’s cousin, was a philologist, barrister and original member of the Philological Society, which had been created in 1842. In 1857, while Wedgwood was preparing a dictionary of English etymology, he wrote…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … How can an English bishop and a French évêque help Darwin explain his theories about species and …
  • … wrote to Darwin suggesting that the common origin of the French “chef” and the English “head” and …
  • … one who knew no other language, dead or living, besides French & English, how absurd would the …

Charles Thomas Whitley

Summary

Born in Liverpool in 1808, Charles Thomas Whitley, like Darwin, attended Shrewsbury School and then Cambridge University where they were clearly very close, exchanging letters during the summer holidays. Whitley was a mathematician, a subject that held…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … of a New Theory of Rotatory Motion, translated from the French of Poinsot, with explanatory Notes . …

Rewriting Origin - the later editions

Summary

For such an iconic work, the text of Origin was far from static. It was a living thing that Darwin continued to shape for the rest of his life, refining his ‘one long argument’ through a further five English editions.  Many of his changes were made in…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … in the foreign editions, especially the US editions and the French and German translations, where …
  • … in November 1860 ; it appeared in April 1861 1 st French edition published May 1862 …
  • … for the first time, for I am correcting for a 2 nd . French Edition; & upon my life, my dear …
  • … be needed , he had already revised Origin for a second French edition.  ‘Natural Hist. …
  • … of the text , and caused all sorts of problems for the new French edition which had already begun …

Symbols and abbreviations

Summary

All letters are 'ALS' (autograph letter signed) unless otherwise stated. The following abbreviations and conventions are used throughout: CD – Charles Darwin  del – deleted illeg – illegible interl – interlined underl –…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … signed, with additions by sender in his/her own hand (French) – language of described item …
  • … cover or envelope So eg:   ALS 5pp (French) inc & damaged ††, encl memS …
  • … autograph letter signed by the sender and written in French. The letter is incomplete and damaged …

Darwin in letters, 1867: A civilised dispute

Summary

Charles Darwin’s major achievement in 1867 was the completion of his large work, The variation of animals and plants under domestication (Variation). The importance of Darwin’s network of correspondents becomes vividly apparent in his work on expression in…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … offers of immediate translation, not only into German and French, but also into Russian. Whereas the …
  • … the work came quickly, and by May, Russian, German, and French translations had been arranged. …
  • … or additions of their own, as the earlier German and French translators had done. The French
  • … Menschen  (Lectures on man; Vogt 1863) from German into French. With a background in natural …

Suggested reading

Summary

There is an extensive secondary literature on Darwin's life and work. Here are some suggested titles that focus Darwin’s correspondence, as well as scientific correspondence and letter-writing more generally. Collections of Darwin’s letters …

Matches: 2 hits

  • … 1994. The republic of letters: a cultural history of the French Enlightenment . Ithaca: Cornell …
  • … : 301–17. Spary, E. C. 2000. Utopia’s garden: French natural history from old regime to …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … and noted that Charles Adolphe Morlot had summarised, in French, earlier reports written in Danish …
  • … in English in MS. before its appearance in print; first in French, dated Berne, Sept. 1859, in the …

Gaston de Saporta

Summary

The human-like qualities of great apes have always been a source of scientific and popular fascination, and no less in the Victorian period than in any other. Darwin himself, of course, marshalled similarities in physiology, behaviour and emotional…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … between Charles Darwin and Gaston de Saporta, a French paleobotanist, suggests that this may indeed …
  • … Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, the famed eighteenth-century French naturalist and author of  the sixteen …

Darwin in letters,1870: Human evolution

Summary

The year 1870 is aptly summarised by the brief entry Darwin made in his journal: ‘The whole of the year at work on the Descent of Man & Selection in relation to Sex’.  Descent was the culmination of over three decades of observations and reflections on…

Matches: 4 hits

  • … debates sparked by Darwin’s proposed election to the French Academy of Sciences and his nomination …
  • … fear or terror. He studied the photographic album by the French physiologist Guillaume Benjamin …
  • … hoped to bring the same non-partisan spirit into the French Academy, ‘rest assured that I shall be a …
  • … war. France had declared war on Prussia on 19 July 1870, and French troops had crossed the border …

Darwn's letters from 1878 online

Summary

Investigating the movements and 'sleep' of plants, being entertained by the mental faculties of his young grandson Bernard, finally elected a corresponding member of the French Académie des sciences, trying to secure a government grant to support…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … Bernard, finally elected a corresponding member of the French Académie des sciences, trying to …
  • … In August, Darwin was elected a corresponding member of the French Académie des sciences. The …

Darwin in letters, 1869: Forward on all fronts

Summary

At the start of 1869, Darwin was hard at work making changes and additions for a fifth edition of  Origin. He may have resented the interruption to his work on sexual selection and human evolution, but he spent forty-six days on the task. Much of the…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … diagnosis. Darwin was already familiar with the work of the French physiologist Guillaume Benjamin …
  • … , published in 1875. Prompted by a request from a French student, Louis Rérolle, to translate …
  • … of  Variation  (Carus trans. 1868). The French translation proved more difficult, for …
  • … 1869 ). The work had been undertaken, like the previous French editions, by Clémence Auguste Royer, …
  • … translator, Jean Jacques Moulinié, to bring out a new French edition, incorporating his latest …

3.18 Elliott and Fry photos, c.1869-1871

Summary

< Back to Introduction The leading photographic firm of Elliott and Fry seems to have portrayed Darwin at Down House on several occasions. In November 1869 Darwin told A. B. Meyer, who wanted photographs of both him and Wallace for a German…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … acknowledgement) to form the frontispiece of the third French edition of Descent of Man , …

Darwin in letters, 1862: A multiplicity of experiments

Summary

1862 was a particularly productive year for Darwin. This was not only the case in his published output (two botanical papers and a book on the pollination mechanisms of orchids), but more particularly in the extent and breadth of the botanical experiments…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … , and impatiently awaited the publication of  Origin  in French. His work on variation in domestic …
  • … him that he intended to write a review of  Origin  for a French periodical, Darwin replied, ‘at …

4.7 'Vanity Fair', caricature

Summary

< Back to Introduction A letter to Darwin from his publisher John Murray of 10 May 1871 informed him, ‘Your portrait is earnestly desired – by the Editor of Vanity Fair. I hope Mr Darwin may consent to follow the example of Murchison – Bismark [sic] …

Matches: 1 hits

  • … including Leslie Ward, Carlo Pellegrini and the versatile French painter James Tissot. John Murray …
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