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Darwin Correspondence Project

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George Robert Waterhouse

Summary

George Waterhouse was born on 6 March 1810 in Somers Town, North London. His father was a solicitor’s clerk and an amateur lepidopterist. George was educated from 1821-24 at Koekelberg near Brussels. On his return he worked for a time as an apprentice to…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … Waterhouse was particularly interested in insects and mammals. He was one of the founders of the …
  • … published his Catalogue of the Mammalia , listing 665 mammals. Like Darwin he was …
  • … HMS Beagle returned in 1836, Waterhouse was sent small mammals and insects from the voyage to …

New material added to the American edition of Origin

Summary

A ‘revised and augmented’ American edition of Origin came on the market in July 1860, and was the only authorised edition available in the US until 1873. It incorporated many of the changes Darwin made to the second English edition, but still contained…

Matches: 5 hits

  • … that the number of species of shells, and probably of mammals, has not increased. What, then, checks …
  • … class excepting birds; for instance, to the coexistence of mammals and fish in the vertebrata,—or to …
  • … structure closely approaches the invertebrate classes. But mammals and fish hardly come into …
  • … and this requires ærial respiration; so that warm-blooded mammals, when inhabiting the water, live …
  • … of the invertebrate classes. The three lowest orders of mammals—namely, marsupials, edentata and …

Charles Darwin’s letters: a selection 1825-1859

Summary

The letters in this volume span the years from 1825, when Darwin was a student at the University of Edinburgh, to the end of 1859, when the Origin of Species was published. The early letters portray Darwin as a lively sixteen-year-old medical student. Two…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … by expert taxonomists, describing the fossil and living mammals, fish, birds, and reptiles collected …
  • … In London, the similarity of the fossils of extinct mammals he had found in South America to some of …

The Lyell–Lubbock dispute

Summary

In May 1865 a dispute arose between John Lubbock and Charles Lyell when Lubbock, in his book Prehistoric times, accused Lyell of plagiarism. The dispute caused great dismay among many of their mutual scientific friends, some of whom took immediate action…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … for the existence of humans coeval with the quaternary mammals. These five articles later formed the …

Sexual selection

Summary

Although natural selection could explain the differences between species, Darwin realised that (other than in the reproductive organs themselves) it could not explain the often marked differences between the males and females of the same species.  So what…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … in a whole range of organisms, from insects to crustacea to mammals, that seemed to fit with sexual …
  • … female in arms of offence, like the horns & tusks of male mammals, or in gaudy plumage & …

Maldonado, Uruguay

Summary

Disgusted by slavery

Matches: 1 hits

  • … Collected 70 species of birds and 19 mammals, asks his father for money to take on Syms Covington as …

Correspondence with women

Summary

We know of letters to or from around 2000 correspondents, about 100 of whom were women. Using the letter summaries available on this website, the letters can be assigned to rough categories.  Included in the count are letters to women in Darwin’s family…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … is something Darwin can support from observations of other mammals. Men, on the other hand, have the …
  • … inheritance of characters has generally prevailed among mammals, otherwise “man would have become as …

Darwin and Design

Summary

At the beginning of the nineteenth century in Britain, religion and the sciences were generally thought to be in harmony. The study of God’s word in the Bible, and of his works in nature, were considered to be part of the same truth. One version of this…

Matches: 2 hits

  • … organisational plans or types (fish, birds, reptiles, and mammals). These ‘archetypes’, as Owen …
  • … skeleton to other vertebrate animals. The bony frames of mammals, birds, reptiles, and even fishes, …

Mauro Galetti: profile of an ecologist

Summary

Mauro Galetti solved Darwin’s puzzle of the ‘bright seeds’. This is what he told us about becoming an ecologist.

Matches: 1 hits

  • … ants, but most of them (in Brazil) are dispersed by birds or mammals. My second favorite place was …

'An Appeal' against animal cruelty

Summary

The four-page pamphlet transcribed below and entitled 'An Appeal', was composed jointly by Emma and Charles Darwin (see letter from Emma Darwin to W. D. Fox, [29 September 1863]). The pamphlet, which protested against the cruelty of steel vermin…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … injuries inflicted by the traps, and the large variety of mammals and birds trapped by them, …

Living and fossil cirripedia

Summary

Darwin published four volumes on barnacles, the crustacean sub-class Cirripedia, between 1851 and 1854, two on living species and two on fossil species. Written for a specialist audience, they are among the most challenging and least read of Darwin’s works…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … although he had passed on his collections of birds, mammals, and reptiles from the Beagle voyage …

Darwin in public and private

Summary

Extracts from Darwin's published works, in particular Descent of man, and selected letters, explore Darwin's views on the operation of sexual selection in humans, and both his publicly and privately expressed views on its practical implications…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … sexes has commonly prevailed throughout the whole class of mammals; otherwise it is probable that …

Frank Chance

Summary

The Darwin archive not only contains letters, manuscript material, photographs, books and articles but also all sorts of small, dry specimens, mostly enclosed with letters. Many of these enclosures have become separated from the letters or lost altogether,…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … 1871) ii. 298, 299, in speaking of the change of colour of mammals in the winter, you quote a …

Strange things sent to Darwin in the post

Summary

Some of the stranger things Darwin received in the post can tell us a lot about how Darwin worked at home. In 1863, Darwin was very excited when the ornithologist Alfred Newton sent him a diseased, red-legged partridge foot with an enormous ball of clay…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … to Darwin’s claim in Descent that the beard hair in mammals was almost always lighter than that …

Alfred Russel Wallace’s essay on varieties

Summary

The original manuscript about varieties that Wallace composed on the island of Gilolo and sent to Darwin from the neighbouring island of Ternate (Brooks 1984) has not been found. It was sent to Darwin as an enclosure in a letter (itself missing), and was…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … mollusca and crustacea. Exactly the same laws will apply to mammals. Wild cats are prolific and have …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … stone tools in association with the bones of extinct mammals, as well as on evidence collected …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 3 hits

  • … gentle transition of forms——oscillation of climate——mammals in Scotland with reference to a paper on …
  • … Andrew. 1866.  The geographical distribution of   mammals . London. [Darwin Library.]  *128: …
  • … 14a ——. 1846a.  A history of British fossil mammals and   birds . London.  *119: 20v.; …

Beauty and the seed

Summary

One of the real pleasures afforded in reading Charles Darwin’s correspondence is the discovery of areas of research on which he never published, but which interested him deeply. We can gain many insights about Darwin’s research methods by following these …

Matches: 1 hits

  • … but was also able to observe the behaviour of birds and some mammals in the field. Seeds of  …

Origin: the lost changes for the second German edition

Summary

Darwin sent a list of changes made uniquely to the second German edition of Origin to its translator, Heinrich Georg Bronn.  That lost list is recreated here.

Matches: 2 hits

  • …    Page 423, par. 2, line 5, insert after ‘mammals.’: 51                   …
  • … is less eyecatching than the outward resemblance between sea-mammals and fish, between flying …

Darwin in letters, 1868: Studying sex

Summary

The quantity of Darwin’s correspondence increased dramatically in 1868 due largely to his ever-widening research on human evolution and sexual selection.Darwin’s theory of sexual selection as applied to human descent led him to investigate aspects of the…

Matches: 1 hits

  • … from Robert MacLachlan, 21 February 1868 ). Regarding mammals, however, views differed. Of deer …
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