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List of correspondents

Summary

Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. Click on a name to see the letters Darwin exchanged with that correspondent. "A child of God" (1) Abberley,…

Matches: 17 hits

… Below is a list of Darwin's correspondents with the number of letters for each one. …
… "A child of God" (1) …
… (1) Admiralty, Lords of the (1) Agassiz, …
… J. L. (3) American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1) …
… (1) Annals and Magazine of Natural History (1) …
… D. T. (8) Anthropological Society, Vienna (1) …
… Blytt, Axel (2) Board of the Treasury (minutes) (1) …
… Cecil, S. A. (1) Chairman of Highway Board (1) …
… W. J. R. (1) Council, Royal Society of London (1) …
… Annie (7) Down Friendly Society (3) …
… Eck, F. A. (1) Edinburgh Royal Medical Society (1) …
… Margaret (1) Franklin Society (1) …
… Isidore (2) Geological Society (1) …
… Librarian (2) Librarian, Royal Geographical Society (1) …
… Institute (1) President, Royal College of Physicians (1) …
… Rouse, R. C. M. (1) Royal College of Physicians (1) …
… Seare, Thomas (1) Secretary of the Royal Commission on vivisection …

2.12 Allan Wyon, Royal Society medal

Summary

< Back to Introduction The Darwin medal of the Royal Society was awarded on a biennial basis from 1890 onwards, as a way of recognising individual achievement in the scientific fields to which Darwin himself had contributed. The first scientist to be…

Matches: 10 hits

… < Back to Introduction The Darwin medal of the Royal Society was awarded on a biennial …
… Alfred Russel Wallace, ‘For his independent origination of the theory of the origin of species by …
… Huxley in 1894 – were also chosen as close associates of Darwin in the genesis and defence of …
… The presentation ceremony usually took place at the Royal Society’s annual banquet on Saint Andrew’s …
… Cambridge which marked that epoch, the then President of the Royal Society, Sir Archibald Geikie, …
… Rayleigh, then Chancellor of Cambridge University, had been Secretary of the Royal Society at the …
… ‘Bronze medallion’ by Wyon in the collection of the Royal Society must have been cast from this …
… into archaeology, and he was elected Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries in 1889. However, despite …
… his dates of birth and death, MDCCCIX and MDCCCLXXXII. The Royal Society’s catalogue of medals …
… Library, Add. MS 7651/8/1/No. 9106, p. 48, no. 601: ‘Royal Society: Darwin 1890 Medallist Allan Wyon …

Vivisection: first sketch of the bill

Summary

Strictly Confidential Mem: This print is only a first sketch. It is being now recast with a new & more simple form – but the substance of the proposed measure may be equally well seen in this draft. R.B.L. | 2 586 Darwin and vivisection …

Matches: 17 hits

… recast with a new & more simple form – but the substance of the proposed measure may be equally …
… EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS. Sketch of Bill, No. 1 Arrangement of sections. …
… making painful experiments to be liable for penalties of Cruelty to Animals Act. “ 10. …
… than according to Act. “ 11. —Renewal of license. “ 12. —Licensed persons …
… under Cruelty to Animals Act. “ 13. —Title of Act. Schedule: — …
… qualified and responsible persons engaged in the prosecution of such sciences should, with a view to …
… smallest possible amount, consistently with the attainment of the above object, the suffering caused …
… 1.—It shall be lawful for Her Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State for the Home Department to …
… in this act, experiments on living animals. Mode of application. 2.—Any person desiring …
… in the same Schedule. And provided always that, in case of an application by any person being a …
… in Great Britain, or in any college incorporated by Royal Charter, such a certificate shall not be …
… be countersigned by the Registrar, President, Principal, or Secretary of the University or College …
… the following persons, that is to say: The President of the Royal Society, the President of the …
… Renewal of licence. 11.—It shall be lawful for the Secretary of State, upon receiving from any …
… by an endorsement under the hand and seal of the said Secretary of State, declaring that the licence …
… FORM OF CERTIFICATE. We, A.B., President of the Royal Society, C.D., and E.F., hereby …
… FORM OF LICENCE. I, Her Majesty’s Secretary of State for the Home Department …

Bibliography of Darwin’s geological publications

Summary

This list includes papers read by Darwin to the Geological Society of London, his books on the geology of the Beagle voyage, and other publications on geological topics. Author-date citations refer to entries in the Darwin Correspondence Project’s…

Matches: 12 hits

… This list includes papers read by Darwin to the Geological Society of London, his books on the …
… numbers refer to R. B. Freeman’s standard bibliography of Darwin’s works. —Extracts from …
… for private distribution by the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 1 December 1835. [ Shorter …
… neighbourhood of the Plata. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London 2 (1838): 542-4. [ …
… study of coral formations. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London 2 (1838): 552-4. [ …
… the formation of mould. Transactions of the Geological Society of London 2nd ser., pt. 3, 5 …
… continents are elevated. Transactions of the Geological Society of London 2nd ser., pt. 3, 5 …
… are of marine origin. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (1839) pt 1: 39 …
… seen on an iceberg in 61° south latitude. Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London 9 …
… deposits of South America. Transactions of the Geological Society of London 2nd ser. 6 (1842): …
… F1668.] —Extracts from letters to the General Secretary, on the analogy of the structure of …
… of the Falkland Islands. Proceedings of the Geological Society pt. 1, 2 (1846): 267-74. [ …

Darwin’s reading notebooks

Summary

In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to read in Notebook C (Notebooks, pp. 319–28). In 1839, these lists were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119…

Matches: 16 hits

… In April 1838, Darwin began recording the titles of books he had read and the books he wished to …
… were copied and continued in separate notebooks. The first of these reading notebooks (DAR 119) …
… a few odd entries, the record ends. Both notebooks consist of two different sections, headed ‘Books …
… information more widely available. A previous transcript of the reading notebooks (Vorzimmer 1977) …
… they were written. The reader should keep in mind that many of the comments about the works were …
… Darwin’s copy of the catalogue of scientific books in the Royal Society of London (Royal Society of …
… Library 1 Cambridge. Library 2 Royal Coll of Surgeons [DAR *119: 1] …
… on the Horse in N. America— [Harlan 1835] Owen has it. & Royal Soc Lord Brougham Dissert. …
… Transact 15 [ Transactions of the Horticultural Society ] Mr Coxe “view of the …
… Transactions [ ?Memoirs of the Caledonian Horticultural Society ]: Asa Gray & Torrey …
… [ Journal of the Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India ; Proceedings of the …
… 1837] Transactions of the Caledonian Horticultural Society [ ?Memoirs of the Caledonian …
… Natural History Society ]— read Edinburgh. Royal [ Transactions of the Royal Society of …
… ].— Brit. Agricult. Association [ Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England …
… many facts List of Books at end of Catalogue of Royal Soc. [Royal Society of London 1839]— …
… in 1844. 39 John Lindley served as assistant secretary to the Horticultural Society …

Darwin in letters, 1863: Quarrels at home, honours abroad

Summary

At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of animals and plants under domestication, anticipating with excitement the construction of a hothouse to accommodate his increasingly varied botanical experiments…

Matches: 18 hits

… At the start of 1863, Charles Darwin was actively working on the manuscript of The variation of …
… scientific correspondence. Six months later the volume of his correspondence dropped markedly, …
… ( letter to John Scott, 31 May [1863] ), and in a letter of 23 [June 1863] he wrote to his …
… Malvern Wells, Worcestershire, where he underwent a course of the water-cure. The treatment was not …
… with the challenges presented by the publication in February of books by his friends Charles Lyell, …
… Huxley, the zoologist and anatomist. Lyell’s Antiquity of man and Huxley’s Evidence as to man …
… bearing on Darwin’s species theory and on the problem of human origins. Specifically, Darwin …
… the first part of his presidential address at the Linnean Society of London to British and foreign …
… of which Haast was a founding member ( see letter from the secretary of the Philosophical Institute …
… included his election as a corresponding member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin …
… in November when Darwin heard that his nomination for the Royal Society’s Copley Medal had been …
… failure to win the award was Edward Sabine, President of the Royal Society ( see letter from Edward …
… in species of Linum ’) was read before the Linnean Society. In the paper, Darwin presented …
… the end of the previous year. John Scott, a gardener at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, had …
… communicated Scott’s Primula work to the Linnean Society in a paper that was read in February …
… Scotland; he warned Darwin that at the Edinburgh Botanical Society, where he read his orchid paper, …
… and Herschelea Darwin communicated to the Linnean Society ( see letter to Roland Trimen, 23 …
… to consult George Busk, former Hunterian Professor at the Royal College of Surgeons, whom Goodsir …

Darwin in letters, 1875: Pulling strings

Summary

‘I am getting sick of insectivorous plants’, Darwin confessed in January 1875. He had worked on the subject intermittently since 1859, and had been steadily engaged on a book manuscript for nine months; January also saw the conclusion of a bitter dispute…

Matches: 20 hits

… I am merely slaving over the sickening work of preparing new Editions Plants …
… species, and botanical research had often been a source of personal satisfaction, providing relief …
… on a book manuscript for some nine months. The pleasures of observation and experiment had given way …
… was also revising another manuscript, the second edition of Climbing plants , which he hoped to …
… had he completed these tasks, than he took up the revision of another, much longer book, the second …
… to devote more time to research, returning to the subject of cross and self-fertilisation. On 3 …
… Edwin Ray Lankester, who was up for election to the Linnean Society. The ‘malcontents’ of the …
… Mivart was a distinguished zoologist, a fellow of the Royal Society of London, and a secretary of …
… respecting codes of conduct and communication in scientific society. Huxley chose journalism, …
… Hooker was hampered by his position as president of the Royal Society from spurning Mivart in public …
… when the chance arose. On 28 January , he sent a note on Royal Society business to Edward Burnett …
… opinion on vivisection, the government decided to appoint a Royal Commission to advise on future …
… when performing a painful experiment ( Report of the Royal Commission on vivisection , p. 183). …
… to abandon his medical studies and work as his father’s secretary. On sending the latest batch of …
… had been opened in the village, and a local temperance society had been established by a Down …
… 15 July [1875] ). Such visitors from the upper ranks of society could be especially taxing. As Emma …
… quickly: ‘I do not see how I could get a sort of living Royal Duke out of my house within the short …
… a paper in October and asked Darwin to submit it to the Royal Society on his behalf. Darwin …
… Darwin had to break the news to the author in 1876 that his Royal Society ambitions had been …
… 22 February, he was notified of Lyell’s death by Lyell’s secretary, Arabella Buckley. Lyell had …

Darwin in letters, 1865: Delays and disappointments

Summary

The year was marked by three deaths of personal significance to Darwin: Hugh Falconer, a friend and supporter; Robert FitzRoy, captain of the Beagle; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and father of Darwin’s friend…

Matches: 16 hits

… the chief work on Charles Darwin’s mind was the writing of The variation of animals and plants …
… projects came to fruition in 1865, including the publication of his long paper on climbing plants in …
… lengthy discussion written by George Douglas Campbell, duke of Argyll, appeared in the religious …
… of the year, Darwin was elected an honorary member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. The …
… end of April; and William Jackson Hooker, director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and J. D. …
… ready to submit his paper on climbing plants to the Linnean Society of London, and though he was …
… seconded Darwin’s nomination for the Copley Medal of the Royal Society of London in 1864, had …
… origin of species ( Origin ), which the Council of the Royal Society had failed to include among …
… fever), and was wondering whether to send it to the Linnean Society, or to the Royal Society of …
… An abstract of the paper was read before the Linnean Society on 2 February, and in April Darwin …
… that he needed for references, probably from the Linnean Society ( letter to [Richard Kippist], 4 …
… suggested to Scott in 1862, when Scott was working at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh, that he …
… the duke of Argyll, had delivered an address to the Royal Society of Edinburgh criticising Origin …
… find himself in December elected an honorary member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. ‘Here is a …
… against John Scott, who had worked under Balfour at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, was …
… Hooker had been offered the directorship of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew ( letter from F. H. …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his birthday on 12 February 1877 from scientific admirers in the Netherlands. Many thanks to Hester Loeff for identifying and researching them. No. …

Matches: 21 hits

… Here is a list of people that appeared in the photograph album Darwin received for his …
… Age in 1877 Residence Date of birth Place of Birth Date of death …
… Apothecary and sercretary to the Dutch Botanical society 55 Nijmegen 28 …
… 2 Albarda W. (Willem) President of the Dutch Entmological society …
… Ankum H.J. van (Hendrik Jan) Professor of Zoölogy and comparative Anatomy at the …
… Professor physics at Utrecht University and Chief-Director of the royal meteorological Institution …
… Mr. C. L. van (Coert Lambertus) Burgomaster of Lemsterland. School inspector, President of …
… Zoological Gardens, President of the Netherland Zoological Society 47 Rotterdam …
… Bont M.J. de Piscieulturist at the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura …
… Dr J. (Johannes) Professor of physics at the Delft Royal Polutechnic Institution …
… Mr A. (Antoni) Fellow of the Dutch Entomological Society Arnhem 14 …
… E.W. (Ernst Willem) President of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura Artis …
… A.W. van (Anne Willem) Treasurer to the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Society "Natura …
… A. van (Albert) A Director of thr Amsterdam Royal Zoological Society "Natura Artis …
… Janse G. Conservator of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Society “Natura Artis …
… van (Leonard Constantijn) Lieutenant Colonel of the Royal Engineers. …
… (Johannes) Fellow of the Dutch Entomological Society. Amsterdam …
… (Herman) Fellow of the Dutch Entomological Society. Beek 24 …
… R.T. (Robert Thomas) Director of the Hague Royal Zoological Botanical Gardens. 54 …
… Dr J.G. de (Johannes Govertus) Conservator of the Royal Museum of Natural History. …
… on Natural History at the Rotterdam High Burghal School, Secretary to the Netherland Zoological …

Darwin in letters, 1877: Flowers and honours

Summary

Ever since the publication of Expression, Darwin’s research had centred firmly on botany. The year 1877 was no exception. The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers, his fifth book on a botanical topic. He then turned to the…

Matches: 16 hits

… no little discovery of mine ever gave me so much pleasure as the making out the meaning …
… The spring and early summer were spent completing Forms of flowers , his fifth book on a …
… gathering observations made by others. With the exception of bloom, each of these projects would …
… Francis, who had moved back to Down House after the death of his wife, Amy, the previous year. He …
… and digestion. William, who had contributed to some of the early research on heterostyly, provided …
… had befriended. The year 1877 was more than usually full of honours. Darwin received two elaborate …
… had been many months in preparation, and involved hundreds of contributors from Germany, Austria, …
… reflections, Darwin remarked: ‘no little discovery of mine ever gave me so much pleasure as the …
… different flower forms, distinguished in part by the lengths of their pistils and stamens, that …
… to aid his research, and he alluded here to the complexity of the work, namely that the length of …
… nitrogenous matter. His work on teasel was sent to the Royal Society of London by Darwin, who …
… perfectly heard & understood’. An abstract appeared in the society’s Proceedings , but the …
… Rade, a civil servant active in the Westphalian Provincial Society for Science and Art. In a letter …
… The album arrived with a long letter from the director and secretary of the Dutch Zoological …
… College, and avoided dinner at the Cambridge Philosophical Society. ‘I am not able to spend an …
… Henry Huxley delivered a rousing speech at the Philosophical Society dinner), and busy himself …

Darwin and vivisection

Summary

Darwin played an important role in the controversy over vivisection that broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals brought an unsuccessful prosecution against a French physiologist who…

Matches: 19 hits

… broke out in late 1874. Public debate was sparked when the Royal Society for the Prevention of …
… prosecution was unsuccessful, but it gave rise to a series of campaigns to increase public awareness …
… It called upon the RSPCA to investigate the nature and scope of vivisections performed in physiology …
… Darwin was sympathetic to the cause, but found some of Cobbe’s rhetoric inflammatory, and he …
… ). Darwin also worried that any bill passed by a House of Commons largely ignorant of science might …
… the event, Darwin became closely involved with the drafting of alternative legislation. Over the …
… involved himself in public controversy and so the extent of his activity in the vivisection affair …
… observation. But he had drawn extensively on the work of physiologists in his study of emotional …
… Brunton, Michael Foster, and Edward Emanuel Klein, all of whom made extensive use of vivisection. …
… Dalton Hooker requesting his approval as president of the Royal Society of London (letter to J. D. …
… a lengthy paragraph on the treatment of animals in human society, the pain and death they suffered …
… might be performed only with a licence granted by the home secretary, and a certificate signed by …
… to make an experiment on a live animal … ( Report of the Royal Commission on vivisection , …
… Lyon Playfair, 27 May 1875 ). In his testimony before the Royal Commission (see below), Darwin …
… be confined to premises that were registered with the home secretary, and open to inspectors …
… on a living vertebrate animal ( Report of the Royal Commission on vivisection , Appendix III, pp. …
… the bills was passed. Debate was forestalled when the home secretary, Richard Cross, announced on 24 …
… Debates , 3d ser., vol. 224 (1875), col. 794). A Royal Commission was a standard governmental …
… quoted in the committee’s final summary ( Report of the Royal Commission on vivisection , p. x), …

People featured in the Dutch photograph album

Summary

List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin received from scientific admirers in the Netherlands for his birthday on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Hester Loeff for providing this list and for permission to make her research available.…

Matches: 22 hits

… List of people appearing in the photograph album Darwin …
… Age in 1877 Residence Date of birth Place of Birth …
… Apothecary and sercretary to the Dutch Botanical Society 55 Nijmegen 28 …
… 2 Albarda W. (Willem) President of the Dutch Entmological Society …
… Ankum H.J. van (Hendrik Jan) Professor of Zoölogy and Comparative Anatomy at the …
… the whole colection of his Natural History museum in Groningen burnt down. Only a squirrel …
… Groningen Feminist and publicist. Died at the age of 24 by drinking a glass of ' …
… of Physics at Utrecht University and Chief-Director of the Royal Meteorological Institution at …
… School inspector, President of the Friesland Agricultural Society 69 Lemsterland …
… Zoological Gardens, President of the Netherland Zoological Society 47 Rotterdam …
… the use of the microscope and was member of a botanical society and bibliothecaryn of the Teylers …
… Bont M.J. de Pisciculturist at the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura …
… Dr J. (Johannes) Professor of physics at the Delft Royal Polytechnic Institution …
… Mr A. (Antoni) Fellow of the Dutch Entomological Society Arnhem 14 …
… E.W. (Ernst Willem) President of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Gardens "Natura Artis …
… A.W. van (Anne Willem) Treasurer to the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Society "Natura …
… A. van (Albert) A Director of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Society "Natura Artis …
… Janse G. Conservator of the Amsterdam Royal Zoological Society “Natura Artis …
… van (Leonard Constantijn) Lieutenant Colonel of the Royal Engineers. …
… R.T. (Robert Thomas) Director of the Hague Royal Zoological Botanical Gardens. 54 …
… Dr J.G. de (Johannes Govertus) Conservator of the Royal Museum of Natural History. …
… on Natural History at the Rotterdam High Burghal School, Secretary to the Netherland Zoological …

Darwin in letters, 1881: Old friends and new admirers

Summary

In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing about all the eminent men he had met. He embarked on this task, which formed an addition to his autobiography, because he had nothing else to do. He had…

Matches: 21 hits

… In May 1881, Darwin, one of the best-known celebrities in England if not the world, began writing …
… again to write on general & difficult points in the theory of Evolution’, he told the …
… as the sweetest place on this earth’. From the start of the year, Darwin had his demise on his mind. …
… affairs and began to make provision for the dividing of his wealth after his death. Darwin’s …
… who lived at Down House, remained a continual source of delight. A second grandchild was born in …
… Krause countered Butler’s accusations in a review of Unconscious memory in Kosmos and sent …
… and editor Leslie Stephen. There was ‘a hopeless division of opinion’ within the family, Henrietta …
… Darwin was enormously relieved. ‘Your note is one of the kindest which I have ever received,’ he …
… that so good a judge, as Leslie Stephen thinks nothing of the false accusation’. Other friends …
… Nature , and George Romanes wrote such a savage review of Unconscious memory that Darwin …
… shunned Butler and ignored his book. Sources of pleasure January also brought the good …
… the limits of science in questions of religion, morals, and society. Graham accepted evolution and …
… have read the evidence given by physiologists to the 1875 Royal Commission for the regulation of …
… had peddled misinformation, but presented evidence from the Royal Commission report that …
… obliged to sit for a portrait commissioned by the Linnean Society. ‘It tires me a good deal to sit …
… & ungracious dog not to agree’, he told Romanes, secretary of the society, on 27 May . …
… telling him to order one from Cambridge. When Robert Ball, Royal Astronomer of Ireland, praised …
… and when William expressed his wish to join the Geological Society of London, if it were ‘not absurd …
… not commending papers presented by Francis at the Linnean Society the previous December (claiming …
… character, such as ‘his strong sense of humour and love of society’, ‘his extreme interest in the …
… and enduring scientific legacy was his pledge in 1881 to the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew of an …

1.18 John Collier, oil in Linnean

Summary

< Back to Introduction By 1881 it was clear to Darwin’s intimates that he was increasingly frail, and that, as he approached death, he had finally escaped from religious controversy to become a heroic figure, loved and venerated for his achievements…

Matches: 13 hits

… by the public at large. It was therefore a matter of urgency to fashion a definitive image of him …
… with the spectator, while William Richmond’s portrait of him in academic robes failed to convey …
… as a thinker. George Romanes and other members of Darwin’s circle therefore gained his …
… Mr Collier is a very good one’, as his recent portrait of Joseph Hooker testified. Moreover, Darwin …
… marriage to Huxley’s daughter Marian had made him a member of the Darwinian set, with sympathy for …
… in science in general: his later book, The Religion of an Artist (1926), shows him entirely …
… he would be proud to see himself ‘suspended at the Linnean Society’. In the event, he did not live …
… Room there. It ‘was about to be hung in the rooms of the society’ in April 1882, when his death was …
… moving truth to nature. By the time it was exhibited at the Royal Academy in May 1882, Darwin was …
… world.’ physical location Linnean Society   accession or collection number …
… . Linnean Society archive, manuscript letter LL/8, Darwin to Romanes, 27 May 1881. …
… him the picture was finished (DCP-LETT-13252). ‘The Royal Academy Banquet’, Times (1 May 1882), …
… Thomas Stearn, A Bicentenary History of the Linnean Society of London (London: Academic Press, …

People featured in the German and Austrian photograph album

Summary

Biographical details of people from the Habsburg Empire that appeared in the album of German and Austrian scientists sent to Darwin on 12 February 1877. We are grateful to Johannes Mattes for providing these details and for permission to make his…

Matches: 19 hits

… Biographical details of people from the Habsburg Empire that appeared in the album of German and …
… and collector Around 1865 he got the position of an administrative officer in the Finanz …
… and retirement (1899). In 1859, Bartsch became member of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna …
… retired early, built up a private entomological collection of Dipteria and Tachinariia and …
… Additionally, Berggruen became a music writer and editor of the journal “Die graphischen Künste”. He …
… in Bern (1849). Brunner was responsible for the introduction of telegraphy in Switzerland, became …
… accompanied Maximilian I. to Mexico and received the rank of a major in the Mexican Army. In 1867, …
… Europe as a military attaché. Since 1876, Gagern served as secretary of the Scientific Club in …
… his job, Grunow became a member of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna, collected algae …
… and teacher In the name of the Viennese Horticultural Society, he traveled to Mexico (1845–48 …
… scientific issues. Doblhoff co-founded the archaeological society Carnuntum (1884) and the …
… and served as board member of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna for 25 years. F. …
… Natural Cabinet (1873). Subsequently, Marenzeller became secretary (1873) and vice-president (1896) …
… of Vienna (Dr., 1884), obtained a position in the Imperial Royal Schoolbook Publishing Houses and …
… Additionally, Monnier served as librarian (1875), general secretary (1884–89) and vice-president of …
… Nußbaumer (b. 1846) was never president of the Academic Society of Natural Historians) 1848 …
… during the 1870s, co-founder and president of the Academic Society of Natural Historians. Published …
… In later years, Nußbaumer became board member of Vienna's society for women’s rights and …
… Rogenhofer was board member of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna. W. Heß: …

Darwin in letters, 1837–1843: The London years to 'natural selection'

Summary

The seven-year period following Darwin's return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in which he became recognised as a naturalist of outstanding ability, as an author and editor, and as a professional…

Matches: 13 hits

… return to England from the Beagle voyage was one of extraordinary activity and productivity in …
… During these years he published two books—his Journal of researches and The structure and …
… In addition, he organised and superintended the publication of the Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. …
… Emma Wedgwood. The letters they exchanged during the period of preparation for their marriage are …
… in 1839 the couple set up house in London and at the end of the year their first child, William …
… to Down House in Kent, where Darwin was to spend the rest of his life enjoying the ‘extreme rurality …
… a species theory Viewed retrospectively, in the light of his greatest theoretical achievement …
… read the fourth of a series of papers to the Geological Society of London. Three of the papers …
… William Buckland called it (in his referee’s report to the Society of 9 March 1838), had been …
… and the reviews of his papers for the Geological Society Transactions provide ample evidence …
… in Scotland. This tour resulted in a major paper for the Royal Society in which he advanced the …
… their mutual involvement in the affairs of the Geological Society. During the Beagle voyage …
… are preserved (187 of them in the American Philosophical Society’s collection) but some are missing, …

Robert FitzRoy

Summary

Robert FitzRoy was captain of HMS Beagle when Darwin was aboard. From 1831 to 1836 the two men lived in the closest proximity, their relationship revealed by the letters they exchanged while Darwin left the ship to explore the countries visited during the…

Matches: 12 hits

… Robert FitzRoy was captain of HMS Beagle when Darwin was aboard. From 1831 to 1836 the two men …
… viewed through Darwin’s increasingly negative opinion of his once ‘ beau ideal ’ of a captain. …
… to 1836 during two surveying voyages to the southern coast of South America, was born into an …
… with being in command in isolated areas; on the first voyage of the Beagle , FitzRoy’s …
… philosophy, it was hoped, would mitigate the hardships of command. In September 1831 he was informed …
… down during the voyage, suffering ‘ morbid depression of spirits, & a loss of all decision & …
… 1834. This hydrographic work, combined with the close study of natural phenomena such as earthquakes …
… FitzRoy was sure that a change in the direction of tides after the Concepcion earthquake had caused …
… As a devout Christian, FitzRoy believed that all human society came from one stock and did not …
… metropolitan scientific elite, soon being appointed secretary of the Geological Society of London. …
… work in meteorology, some prominent men of science in the Royal Society considered the practice of …
… eyes ’. From 1854, Darwin was a member of the Royal Society committee advising the Board of …

Francis Darwin

Summary

Known to his family as ‘Frank’, Charles Darwin’s seventh child himself became a distinguished scientist. He was an undergraduate at Trinity College, Cambridge, initially studying mathematics, but then transferring to natural sciences. Francis completed…

Matches: 9 hits

… natural sciences tripos in December 1870. The small amount of surviving correspondence with his …
… who was the wisest man I ever knew, thought it the duty of every man, young & old, to keep an …
… from the previous autumn had been employed as his father's secretary and assistant. Darwin had …
… all he is a Darwin and the chances are against any of our unfortunate family being fit for …
… After Amy's death in 1876, a few days after the birth of their son, Bernard, Francis moved …
… in Wurzburg. Francis Darwin was elected to the Royal Society in 1882, the year of his father …
… botany in Cambridge. He was knighted in 1913, the year of his third marriage (his first two wives …
… they had written a book on this topic together ( The Power of Movement in Plants, 1880). Perhaps …
… reputation: in 1887 he published an edited version of his father’s autobiography, and in the same …

Origin is 160; Darwin's 1875 letters now online

Summary

To mark the 160th anniversary of the publication of Origin of species, the full transcripts and footnotes of nearly 650 letters to and from Charles Darwin in 1875 are published online for the first time. You can read about Darwin's life in 1875…

Matches: 18 hits

… To mark the 160th anniversary of the publication of Origin of species , the full transcripts and …
… life in 1875 through his letters and see a full list of the letters . The year 1875 was …
… a new book, Insectivorous plants , and the second edition of Climbing plants. He also worked …
… was surprisingly successful, given the technical nature of its content, going through three …
… radical bill, and in November he gave evidence before the Royal Commission that was set up to look …
… assisted Darwin with his experiments on the digestive fluid of the insectivorous plant Drosera …
… In 1875, Klein was a very controversial witness at the Royal Commission on vivisection. When asked …
… from the 1875 letters include: I am very glad of the 14 s , for though I much like …
… in June 1875; he had succeeded in getting the price of his new book, Insectivorous plants , …
… I am merely slaving over the sickening work of preparing new Editions . ( Letter to J. D. Hooker, …
… Cross and self fertilisation , summing up many years of experiments on crossing plants. …
… when Frances Power Cobbe, a journalist and an acquaintance of Darwin’s, raised a petition and …
… a rival bill. In the event, the matter was referred to a Royal Commission, before which Darwin gave …
… here . Mr. Ffinden accused me in the vestry of having made false statements ( Letter …
… men, despite Ffinden’s opposition, and that a temperance society had been organised by a local …
… Darwin’s son Francis, who was working as his father’s secretary, was also able to do independent …
… Lyell. Lyell had helped to introduce Darwin to scientific society in London, had offered much …
… a promising young zoologist, was blackballed by the Linnean Society of London. He spent another week …

Darwin in letters, 1876: In the midst of life

Summary

1876 was the year in which the Darwins became grandparents for the first time. And tragically lost their daughter-in-law, Amy, who died just days after her son's birth. All the letters from 1876 are now published in volume 24 of The Correspondence…

Matches: 16 hits

… I cannot bear to think of the future The year 1876 started out sedately enough with …
… one or the other was away from Down. The usual rhythm of visits with family and friends took place …
… when Darwin was finishing work on the second edition of Orchids and checking the page-proofs of …
… zoologist Edwin Ray Lankester was blackballed at the Linnean Society of London because of internal …
… scientific reputation, but also to save the Linnean Society from the ‘utter disgrace’ of …
… had occupied Darwin for much of 1875. In January 1876, a Royal Commission report was published …
… school at Cambridge University. The Physiological Society, which had been founded in March 1876 by …
… what action to take. Burdon Sanderson was keen for the society’s secretary, George Romanes, to write …
… paper on leaf-arrangement or phyllotaxy was sent to the Royal Society of London by Darwin because he …
… ). Darwin recognised scientific skill in all levels of society. He not only offered to propose the …
… Lawson Tait, a Birmingham gynaecologist. The decision by the Royal Society of London to reject a …
… left Darwin, who had communicated the paper to the society in 1875 at Tait’s request, with the …
… April [1876] ). Darwin could not have been surprised by the society’s decision. He already knew …
… which will last for my life’, he told George Stokes, secretary of the society, on 21 April, …
… that I was not justified in refusing to send it to the Royal Soc, but it is now too clear that I shd …
… of George’s work but intended to present it to the Royal Society. He was pleased that Horace was off …

Darwin Correspondence Project

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