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Darwin Correspondence Project

To G. J. Romanes   1 January [1882]1

Down, | Beckenham, Kent. | (Railway Station | Orpington. S.E.R.)

Jan 1st 1881

My dear Romanes

I send the M.S. but as far as I can judge by just skimming it, it will be of no use to you.— It seems to bear on transitional forms.2 I feel sure that I have other & better cases, but I cannot remember where to look to.—

I shd. have written to you in a few days on the following case. The Baron de Villa Franca wrote to me from Brazil about 2 years ago, describing new vars. of sugar-cane which he had raised by planting 2 old varieties in apposition.— I believe (but my memory is very faulty) that I wrote that I cd not believe in such a result & attributed the new varieties to the soil &c.—3 I believe that I did not understand what he meant by apposition. Yesterday a packet of M.S. arrived from the Brazilian Legation, with a letter in French from Dr Glass, Director of the Botanic Garden,4 describing fully how he first attempted grafting vars. of Sugar Cane in various ways & always failed, & then split stems of 2 varieties bound them together & planted them, & thus raised some new & very valuable varieties, which like crossed plants seem to grow with extra vigour, are constant & apparently partake of the characters of the 2 varieties. The Baron, also, sends me an attested copy from a number of Brazilian cultivators of the success of this plan of raising new varieties.— I am not sure whether the B. Legation wishes me to return the Documents, but if I do not hear in 3 or 4 days that they must be returned, they shall be sent to you, for they seem to me well deserving your consideration.5 Perhaps if I had been contented with my hyacinth bulbs being merely bound together without any true adhesion or rather growth together, I shd. have succeeded like the old Dutch-man.—6

There is a deal of superfluous verbiage in the documents, but I have marked with pencil where the important part begins.— The attestations are in duplicate. Now after reading them will you give me your opinion whether the main parts are worthy of publication in Nature: I am inclined to think so, & it is good to encourage science in out of the way parts of the world. Keep this note till you receive the documents, or hear from me.— I wonder whether 2 vars. of wheat cd. be similarly treated? no, I suppose not from the want of lateral buds.—

I was extremely interested by your abstract on suicide.—7

Yours very sincerely | Ch. Darwin

I got the other day the Dec. Nor of the 19th Century with your Article,8 but one thing has come so quickly on the back of another that I have not yet got time to read it quietly.—

P.S. I have just had a note from Grant Allen, calling my attention to capital fact about Sexual Selection in Voyage of the Vega Vol. 2 p. 97.9

Footnotes

The year is established by the relationship between this letter and the letter to G. J. Romanes, 6 January 1882. CD wrote ‘1881’ in error.
The manuscript has not been identified.
Ignacio Francisco Silveira da Motta, baron de Vila Franca, was a Brazilian politician and farmer. The observations on new varieties of sugar cane produced by ‘apposition’ (grafting) had been enclosed in the letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 20 October 1880 (Correspondence vol. 28). CD’s reply to the 1880 communication has not been found.
‘Dr Glass’ was Auguste François Marie Glaziou; his letter has not been found. The packet was enclosed with the letter from Arthur de Souza Corrêa, 28 December 1881 (Correspondence vol. 29); however, none of the enclosures have been found.
Romanes had performed extensive grafting experiments on root vegetables in an effort to produce hybrids; the experiments were designed to test CD’s hypothesis of pangenesis (see, for example, Correspondence vol. 23, letter from G. J. Romanes, 14 January 1875). For more on the production of sugar cane by graft hybrids, see ‘Grafting sugar cane’, Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) 127 (1897): 221–3.
CD had discussed claims that hyacinths had been grafted by joining two half-bulbs of different colours together, and that the colours sometimes blended, in Variation 1: 395. ‘Succeeding like the old Dutchman’ may refer to a case of hyacinth grafting described in ‘an old French Book, published in Amsterdam’ (Saint-Simon 1768); see Correspondence vol. 11, letter to Thomas Rivers, 7 January [1863]. There are a few undated notes on experiments with feather hyacinth and cauliflower, one of which mentions cutting hyacinth in two, in DAR 206: 17–18.
Romanes’s review of Suicide; an essay on comparative moral statistics (Morselli 1881) was published in Nature, 29 December 1881, pp. 193–6.
Romanes did not publish in the December 1881 issue of Nineteenth Century; CD probably means the article ‘The scientific evidence of organic evolution’, which appeared in the December 1881 issue of Fortnightly Review (Romanes 1881); a copy is in the Darwin Pamphlet Collection–CUL.
The letter from Grant Allen has not been found; see, however, the letter to Grant Allen, 2 January 1882. The Vega expedition (1878–80) was a Swedish research expedition that explored the polar sea above Siberia; The voyage of the Vega round Asia and Europe (Nordenskiöld 1881, 2: 97) describes a Scotch collie from the expedition that was preferred by a female to other local dogs kept by the Chukchi people along the Behring Strait.

Bibliography

Morselli, Enrico. 1881. Suicide: an essay on comparative moral statistics. London: C. Kegan Paul & Co.

Nordenskiöld, Adolf Erik. 1881. The voyage of the Vega round Asia and Europe. Translated by Alexander Leslie. 2 vols. London: Macmillan and Co.

Romanes, George John. 1881a. The scientific evidence of organic evolution. Fortnightly Review 30: 739–58.

Saint-Simon, Henri Maximilien, marquis de. 1768. Des jacintes, de leur anatomie, reproduction et culture. Amsterdam: C. Eel.

Variation: The variation of animals and plants under domestication. By Charles Darwin. 2 vols. London: John Murray. 1868.

Summary

Describes grafting experiment of Baron de Villa Franca, which produced new varieties of sugar-cane. Encloses related documents.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-13592
From
Charles Robert Darwin
To
George John Romanes
Sent from
Down
Source of text
American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.609)
Physical description
ALS 8pp

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 13592,” accessed on 19 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-13592.xml

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