- Writer . Pseudonymous letter-writer to the Athenæum.
- American Liberal clergyman and religious writer .
- American author and editor of literary works . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Chemist , photographer and astronomer . Knighted 1900. FRS 1876. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Anglican clergyman associated with Colchester School. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician . Lee's reader of anatomy at Christ Church, Oxford, 1845–58. Regius professor of medicine, University of Oxford, 1858–94. Appointed honorary physician to Edward, Prince of Wales, 1860. FRS 1847. Sources: DNB Physicians (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Physician , naturalist and geologist . Professor of natural history, Trinity College, Dublin, and Queen's College, Cork, Ireland. FRS 1872. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- No further information has been found.
- Swiss-born zoologist , oceanographer and mining engineer . Son of Louis Agassiz. Emigrated to the United States in 1849. Joined the U.S. survey of Washington Territory boundaries in 1859. Superintendent, Calumet copper mine, Michigan, 1867; later president of the corporation. Curator of the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology, 1874. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Swiss-born zoologist . Professor of natural history, Neuchâtel, 1832–46. Emigrated to the United States in 1846. Professor of natural history, Harvard University, 1848–73. Established the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard in 1859. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1838. Sources: DAB DSB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Barrister . Son of the Reverend Robert Ainslie of London.
- Son of G. B. Airy. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Sheep farmer .
- Scottish hospital and asylum physician . Sources: Wellcome catalogue (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Publisher at Ernst Gunther, Leipzig. Published Erasmus Darwin. One of the editors of Kosmos.
- Prussian diplomat . Secretary and chef de chancellerie in the Prussian embassy in London, c 1859–63; director of the Chancery, 1863–7. Sources: FO list 1858–68 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- French jurist and scientific editor . Sources: Larousse XX (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- English author . Resident of Valparaiso who wrote on South American affairs. Helped CD with geological observations. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Author . Also known as Grant Allen, the name he signed himself. Popular writer on science and evolution. Also wrote novels under pseudonyms. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Emma Darwin's aunt. Sources: Emma Darwin (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,5
- Anglican clergyman who emigrated to Canada in 1840. Father of Grant Allen. Sources: MDCB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist and zoologist . Professor of botany, Dublin University, 1844; professor of natural history, Edinburgh University, 1855–70. FRS 1854. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- German physician who settled in London. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naval officer . Entered the merchant navy in 1840. Entered service with the Cunard line in 1851. Commanded the steamer Great Eastern during the laying of the Atlantic telegraph, 1865–6. Managing director, Eastern Telegraph Company, 1866–93. Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, 1870. Knighted, 1866. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10,11,12
- Scottish gardener ; orchid specialist. Gardener to the Glasgow iron and shipping agent Thomas Dawson, at Meadowbank, Uddingston, Lanarkshire. Following Dawson's death, worked as a landscape gardener in Glasgow and Manchester. Founding member of the Manchester and North of England Orchid Society. Editor of the Northern Gardener. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Orchid Review 7 1899: 198 Post Office Glasgow directory 1863–4 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Scottish lawyer and horticulturalist . Practised as a solicitor in Edinburgh from 1834 or earlier. Retired from practice in 1861, when his wife succeeded to the estates of Woodend, Perthshire, and, as a condition of the entail, took the additional name Henry. Established a garden in Edinburgh known for its many rare plants. Collected plants from the Andes, north-western Himalayas, and New Zealand. Interested in plant hybridisation and acclimatisation. Member of various scientific societies in London and Edinburgh. President of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh, 1867–8. Sources: County families 1878 Curtis's: 175–6 Gard. Chron 1873.03.22: 39 Post Office Edinburgh directory 1834–84 (1861–84) s.v. Henry, Isaac Anderson) Proc. Linn. Soc. London 1886–7: 42–4 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,10,11,12
- Swedish-born ornithologist , hunter and explorer . Accompanied Francis Galton to South Africa in 1849. Organised a successful expedition to Lake Ngami and published an account of the expedition in 1856. Continued to explore the South African interior and to carry out ornithological studies. Sources: DSAB Modern English biography SBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Physician . Lecturer in medical jurisprudence at Cambridge from 1884. Sources: Alum. Cantab. WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Chemist and inventor . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist . Professor of geology, King's College, London, 1840–5. Assistant secretary to the Geological Society of London, 1844–7; editor of [proper title]the society's journal from 1844. Lecturer on geology at the military college at Addiscombe, Surrey, and professor of geology at the College of Civil Engineers, Putney, from 1845. Consulting geologist and mining engineer from circa 1850. FRS 1844. Sources: DNB Geol. Mag n.s. 7 1880: 336 Rec. R. Soc. London Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Editor and academic . Fellow of St John's College, Oxford, and editor of The Academy, 1869–79. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Boston essayist , poet and artist . A staunch supporter of his friend John Albion Andrew. Actively interested in the growth and improvement of Boston; a trustee of the Athenaeum, the Public Library, and the Museum of Fine Arts. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Anti-vivisectionist and translator of medical texts . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Eminent poet and critic . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and meteorologist . Surgeon with the East India Company in China, 1807–9, 1810–11. Practised as a physician in London, 1811–55. Gave lectures at the Philomathic Institution published as Elements of physics (1827). One of the founders of the University of London, 1836. FRS 1838. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,8
- Naturalist who lived and worked on the Azores.
- German-born historical writer . Sources: Wellesley index (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Lawyer and nephew of Francis Darwin.
- Academic . Sometime Vice-Chancellor, and Master of Clare College, Cambridge, from 1856. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Traveller and writer . Superintendent of the São Paolo Railway, Brazil, 1860–9. Promoted the cultivation of cotton in Brazil; awarded a gold medal by the Manchester Cotton Supply Association in 1869. Met CD at Ilkley Wells hydropathic establishment in Yorkshire in 1859. Sources: Graham, Richard 1968: 67–8 from J. J. Aubertin, 27 April 1863 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Clergyman . Vicar of Aldworth, Berkshire, 1832–48; rector of West Wickham, Kent, 1848–76; honorary canon of Canterbury, 1873–6. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Surveyor and engineer in New Zealand. Sources: Furkert 1953 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American botanist . Curator of the Columbia University Herbarium. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , socialist , and Karl Marx's son-in-law. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Journalist and social reformer . Staff member, Manchester Guardian, 1874–1905. Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Nurseryman and writer on gardening . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician and pioneer in the design of mechanical computers. FRS 1816. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,5,8
- Botanist , entomologist and archaeologist . Involved in natural history activities at Cambridge for more than forty years; an expert on plant taxonomy. A founding member of the Cambridge Entomological Society and the Cambridge Antiquarian Society. Editor of Annals and Magazine of Natural History from 1842. Chairman, Cambrian Archaeological Association, 1855–85. Professor of botany, Cambridge University, 1861–95. FRS 1851. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Lexicographer . Compiler of a pasigraphical dictionary, 1868. Member of the Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Munich. Sources: DAB NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Company administrator . Secretary of the Penarth Harbour, Dock and Railway company from circa 1860. From 1862, CD invested heavily in the company. Sources: Bradshaw 1859–85 Darwin, C. R. Investment book (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Editor of the Midland Naturalist, journal of the Midland Union of Natural History Societies.
- Estonian zoologist and embryologist . Professor of anatomy at Königsberg University, 1819; professor of zoology, 1826–34. Professor of zoology at the Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, 1834–67. Demonstrated the existence of the mammalian egg, 1826. Propounded the influential view that embryological development proceeds from the general to the specific. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1854. Sources: DSB NDB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Naval surgeon , naturalist and philologist . Assistant surgeon in the Royal Navy, 1848. Assistant surgeon, Haslar Hospital, 1851–4. Surgeon and naturalist on the Niger expedition, 1854; succeeded to the command of the vessel during the voyage. Undertook a second Niger expedition in 1857. Explored West Africa until his death in Sierra Leone. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,10
- American botanist . From 1877 instructor, later professor of botany, at Brown University. Sources: AMS Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Travel writer . Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Booksellers in Paris with offices in London and New York. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist . Draughtsman with the Geological Survey, 1844; assistant geologist, 1845; geologist, 1853. Palaeontologist to the Irish branch of the Geological Survey, 1857–88. Sources: Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,8
- Psychologist and philosopher . Professor of logic, Aberdeen University, 1860–89. Founder and editor of Mind. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American vertebrate zoologist . Professor of natural history, Dickinson College, Pennsylvania, 1846–50. Assistant secretary, Smithsonian Institution, 1850–78; secretary, 1878–87. Instrumental in augmenting the zoological and anthropological collections of the Smithsonian's National Museum. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9
- Scottish physician who practised in London, 1833–41. Assistant in the zoological department of the British Museum, 1841–72. FRS 1867. Sources: DNB Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6
- Solicitor in Ireland and writer. Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American journalist , politician , and popular anthropologist . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Embryologist . Director, Morphological Laboratory, Cambridge University, 1873–82. FRS 1878. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish physician and botanist . Professor of botany, Glasgow University, 1841–5. Professor of botany, University of Edinburgh, and regius keeper of the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, 1845–79. Founding member of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh, 1836. Founder of the Edinburgh Botanical Club, 1838. Co-editor of the Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal. FRS 1856. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Irish botanist . First president of the Alpine Club, 1858–60. Collected plants with Joseph Dalton Hooker in Morocco in 1871. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Naturalist and civil servant in Dublin. President of the Geological Society of Ireland and the Dublin University Zoological Association. Director of the museum in Trinity College, Dublin, 1844. Secretary of the Queen's University, Belfast, 1851. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Geologist and botanist who worked in India. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American publisher and historian . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Psychologist . Member of the Psychologischer Verein zu Dresden.
- British-born naturalist , artist and writer in South Africa. Married Frederick William Barber, a chemist, in 1845. Studied birds, moths, reptiles, and plants, and corresponded with a number of leading scientists, providing them with specimens and drawings. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DSAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Whig politician . M.P. for Portsmouth, 1826–65. Joint Secretary of the Treasury, 1835–9; Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1839–41. First Lord of the Admiralty, 1849–52. Created Baron Northbrook in 1866. FRS 1849. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- French-born palaeontologist and stratigrapher . Employed as a tutor by the French royal family until their exile in 1830. Railway engineer in Prague, where he became interested in fossils. Collected and described the fossils of the Bohemian basin, 1840–83. The results of his studies were published in 30 volumes entitled Systême Silurien du centre de la Bohême (1852–1902). Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8
- Physicist . Professor of physics, Royal College of Science, Dublin, 1873. FRS 1899. Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French embryologist and invertebrate zoologist . Head of marine zoological laboratory at Villefranche from early 1880s. Brother of Charles Barrois, geologist and palaeontologist. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zoologist . Taxidermist, 1834–52. Superintendent of the natural history department, Crystal Palace, 1852–9; of the Zoological Society's gardens, Regent's Park, 1859–97. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,8,9,10,11,12
- Naturalist and museum curator . Son of Abraham Dee Bartlett. Spent four years collecting birds on the upper Amazon River, circa 1865–9. Assisted his father at the Zoological Society of London in 1871. Curator, Maidstone Museum, Kent, 1874–90. Emigrated to Sarawak, 1891. Curator, Sarawak Museum, Kuching, Borneo, 1895–7. Sources: Bartlett, Edward 1871: 217 s7954 s7959 s8011 from Edward Bartlett, 20 September 1871, 21 September 1871, and 16 October 1871) Maidstone papers Sarawak Museum Journal 10 (1961–2): 26 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Silkworm breeder . Of Surdah Factory, Lower Bengal. Friend of Edward Blyth. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Russian botanist and plant physiologist . At the Imperial Botanic Garden, St Petersburg, 1870–1896. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dentist and scientific writer . Practised dentistry in Swansea, 1841–51, then in Plymouth. Secretary of the Plymouth Institution, 1854–60; president, 1861–2 and 1869–70. Authority on the Crustacea. FRS 1861. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,9,12
- Physician . Consulting physician and specialist in brain diseases. Knighted 1892. Sources: Physicians (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Industrialist , banker , landowner and horticulturalist . Built Biddulph Grange in north Staffordshire and established a well-known garden there. Cultivated tropical plants, especially orchids. Acquired orchids in Central and South America, and published important works on the Orchidaceae. President of the North Staffordshire Field Club, 1865–70. FRS 1838. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB Hadfield, Miles 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- Landed gentleman . Third son of James Bateman. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1937 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Brewer and naturalist . Younger brother of Henry Walter Bates. Managing director of a brewing company in Leicester. A keen entomologist, particularly interested in the Heteromera, publishing many papers and forming an extensive collection. Also formed collections of Cicindelidae and British Coleoptera. Cultivated orchids for some years. Sources: Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 39 (1903): 286–7 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- Entomologist . Undertook a joint expedition to the Amazon with Alfred Russel Wallace, 1848–50; continued to explore the area, after Wallace returned to England, until 1859. Provided the first comprehensive scientific explanation of the phenomenon subsequently known as Batesian mimicry. Published an account of his travels, The naturalist on the River Amazons, in 1863. Assistant secretary, Royal Geographical Society of London, 1864–92. President, Entomological Society of London, 1868, 1869, and 1878. FRS 1881. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- French librarian and philologist . Sources: DBF (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician associated with King's College Hospital. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Vermont physician and Civil War surgeon. Sources: Holloway, L. M. 1981 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Chemist . Succeeded his father in business at 40 High Street, Bromley, Kent, 1857; retired in 1897. Sources: Horsburgh, E. L. S. 1980: 407 Post office directory of the six home counties 1859 Watkins, A. H. 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,8,9,10,12
- Chemist and druggist of Bromley, Kent.
- Scottish philosopher . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American botanist and teacher . Schoolteacher in Union Springs, New York, 1859–1868; studied under Louis Agassiz and Asa Gray at Harvard University. Lectured in botany at the University of Chicago, 1868–71. Taught at Michigan Agricultural College, 1871–1910. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Physician and microscopist . Professor of physiology and general and morbid anatomy, King's College, London, 1853–69. Professor of pathological anatomy, 1869; professorof medicine, 1876–96. FRS 1857. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Naval officer and hydrographer . Retired as rear-admiral in 1846. Hydrographer to the navy, 1829–55. Originator of the Beaufort scale for wind force. FRS 1814. Sources: DNB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,12
- Banker . Baptised by the Reverend George Augustus Case at the Unitarian Church, High Street, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, 20 July 1801.07.20. Attended Case's day-school in Shrewsbury with Erasmus Alvey Darwin, then Shrewsbury School, leaving in 1816. Married Susanna Margaret Badger in the parish church of Ellesmere, Shropshire, in 1824; their three children were also baptised in the Church of England. A partner in the Shrewsbury and Welshpool Bank, Shrewsbury; retired between 1829 and 1831. By 1841 he was living apart from his family. Left an estate valued at under £100. Sources: Shrewsbury High St. baptism register 1801.07.20 Ellesmere marriage register 1824.03.30 Shrewsbury St Julian baptism register 1825.03.12 Meole Brace baptism register 1829.09.30 and 1831.04.01 Beck, John Will 1873 257 Death certificate, district of St Chad, Shrewsbury 1873.02.15 Census returns 1841 and 1851 PRO HO107/925/65 and HO107/1992/749 from John Beck, 6 October 1864 Pigot's 1828 Shrewsbury School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Suffragist , botanist and astronomer . Leading member of the women's suffrage movement. Published Botany for novices (1864); awarded a Horticultural Society Gold Medal, 1865. Founder and president of the Manchester Ladies' Literary Society, 1867. Secretary to the Manchester Women's Suffrage Committee from 1867, and later to the Manchester National Society for Women's Suffrage. Member of the Manchester School Board, 1870. Editor of and regular contributor to the Women's Suffrage Journal from 1870. Secretary to the London Central Committee for Women's Suffrage from 1880. Sources: Blackburn, Helen 1902 Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB Macmillan dictionary of women's biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Physician and anthropologist . Began medical practice in Bristol in 1857. Physician, Bristol Royal Infirmary, 1862–73; consulting physician, Bristol Children's Hospital, 1866–1911. Began active researches on ethnology during an extended European tour 1857 prior to setting up practice. An authority on the physical characteristics of living European races. Founder member of the Ethnological Society. President of the Anthropological Society, 1869–70. FRS 1873. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Businessman and art collector. A partner in the firm Sir Jacob Behrens and Sons. Known for his collections of furniture, rare books, and prints. Sources: ODNB s.v. Behrens, Jacob Post Office directory of Yorkshire The Times, 4 April 1933, p. 11 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Assistant to Julius Sachs in Würzburg; later became a private teacher in Göttingen. Author of influential textbooks on botany and microscopical technique. Editor of the Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Mikroskopie und mikroskopische Technik. Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Explorer and antiquary . Travelled in Abyssinia, 1840–3; Syria and Palestine, 1861–2. A business associate of Blyth Brothers, Mauritius, 1853–9. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Resident of Mauritius. Second wife of Charles Tilstone Beke. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Author . Wife of Charles Bell. Published Letters of Sir Charles Bell in 1870. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Canadian geologist . Associated with the Geological Survey of Canada, 1867–1906. (DSB ;; MDCB ;; Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980.)
- Zoologist ; dental surgeon at Guy's Hospital, London, 1817–61. Appointed professor of zoology, King's College, London in 1836. President of the Ray Society, 1843–59. One of the secretaries of the Royal Society, 1848–53. President of the Linnean Society, 1853–61. Described the reptiles from the Beagle voyage. FRS 1828. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
- Geologist and mining engineer . Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zoologist and ornithologist . Chairman, Netherlands Zoological Society for 17 years. Sources: NNBW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Belgian zoologist known for studies of embryology and fertilization. Son of Pierre Joseph van Beneden. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Politician . Styled Lord Ossulston, 1822–59. Tory M.P. for North Northumberland, 1832–59. Succeeded as sixth earl in 1859. Lord Steward of the Household to Queen Victoria, 1867–8. Sources: Burke's peerage 1980 Modern English biography Stenton, Michael 1976 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,9,10
- Botanist , bookseller and publisher . Proprietor and editor of the Friend, the monthly journal of the Society of Friends. Lecturer in botany, Bedford College, London, 1868; Westminster Hospital, London, 1869–73. Author of several papers on pollination, 1871–3, and other botanical works. Biological sub-editor for Nature, 1871–4. Vice-president of the Microscopical Society, 1892, 1899, and 1900; editor of the [proper title]Society's journal, 1897–1902. Vice-president of the Linnean Society of London, 1891–2. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society 1879–1902 London Linn Soc list, 1891–2 Medical directory 1869–73 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Tea dealer and botanist . Member of the Society of Friends. In 1851, retired to Brockham Lodge, Betchworth, Surrey. Father of Edward Trusted Bennett (1831–1908) and Alfred William Bennett (1833–1902). Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB s.v. Bennett, Alfred William (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist . Sources: IBN (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7
- Botanist . Donated his botanical library and collections to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in 1854, and was provided with facilities there for his research from 1861. President of the Linnean Society of London, 1861–74. Published Genera plantarum (1862–83) with Joseph Dalton Hooker. FRS 1862. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Swedish philosopher and writer . Sources: SBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and botanist . Perpetual curate of Apethorpe and Wood Newton, Northamptonshire, 1833–68. Vicar of Sibbertoft, Northamptonshire, from 1868. Editor of the Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society, 1866–77. An expert on British fungi, one of the collections he described being from CD's Beagle voyage.fungi Awarded the Royal Society's Royal Medal, 1863. FRS 1879. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Prussian diplomat . Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American botanist . An expert on the classification of flowering plants. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Australian landowner and breeder of cattle and sheep. Author of various works on the Aborigines. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Italian zoologist and geologist . Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Philologist . Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Banker: County Manager for the London & Westminster Bank 1875–1897. Sources: 1861 census: Greenwich, London 1871 & 1881 census: Lewisham Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc Archives Journal of the Institute of Bankers 1912 p. 533 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American surgeon and librarian . Compiled Index-Catalogue of the Surgeon General's Library and Index Medicus. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil engineer Land and mineral surveyor, Wakefield, Yorkshire. Sources: Free BMD Death Index 1837–1983 Post Office directory of Yorkshire 1871 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Egyptologist and archaeologist . Assistant keeper of the department of antiquities in the British Museum, 1844–61; keeper of the oriental, British, and medieval antiquities, 1861–85. Translator of classical Chinese texts. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,9
- School science teacher , Perry, New York, 1878–85. Sources: AMS (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Student of cirripedes . Of Plymouth. Provided CD with observations on Balanus. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Manchester surgeon , homoeopath and allergist who pioneered scientific study of hay fever. Sources: Wellcome catalogue (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zoologist who specialised in the study of spiders. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- American writer and social reformer . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Engineer and geologist . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Amateur naturalist from Sedalia, Missouri. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Educationist . Associated with a school for the blind in Worcester. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Anthropologist , palaeontologist , and comparative anatomist . Lecturer on zoology, London Institution, 1862–3. Founding fellow of the Anthropological Society of London, 1863; assistant secretary, circa 1863–6; curator and librarian, circa 1863–7; honorary fellow, 1867. Lecturer in comparative anatomy and zoology, Westminster Hospital School of Medicine, 1869–81. Founding member and honorary foreign secretary of the London Anthropological Society, 1873–6; joint editor of Anthropologia, 1873–5. Sources: Anthropologia Geologist 5 (1862): 323 Medical directory 1866–81 List of fellows of the Anthropological Society of London (corrected to August 1st, 1869), bound with Memoirs read before the Anthropological Society of London 3 (1867–9) Wellesley index (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Son of William Blenkiron, William, Sr.
- Administrator . Secretary of the Royal Literary Fund from 1839. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Academic . Tutor and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1853–75. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist who collected plants in British Guiana, Ceylon, Japan, and Madagascar. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Shrewsbury chemist . See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4
- Zoologist . Pharmacist in Tooting, London. Wrote and edited zoological works under the pseudonym "Zoophilus". Curator of the museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, India, 1841–62. Provided CD with information on the plants and animals of India in correspondence between 1855–1858 and 1858. Returned to Britain in 1863, and continued to write on zoology and on the question of the origin of species. Sources: Correspondence vols. 5–7 DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Norwegian botanist . Son of Mathies Numsen Blytt. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Austrian sculptor who emigrated to England. Baron 1889. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and botanist in India. Superintendent, Lucknow Gardens, 1876. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist and ornithologist . Elected member of the Entomological Society in 1841; of the Zoological Society, 1854. Collector of British Lepidoptera. Sources: Ent. Mon. Mag 25 1888–9: 384 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9
- Poet and essayist who lived most of his adult life in Germany. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of Joanna Maria Bonham-Carter, a family friend of the Darwins. The family lived at Keston, Kent, from 1853. Sources: Bonham-Carter, Victor 1960 Burke's landed gentry 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Daughter of Joanna Maria Bonham-Carter, a family friend of the Darwins. The family lived at Keston, Kent, from 1853. Married Albert Venn Dicey (DNB) in 1872. Sources: Bonham-Carter, Victor 1960 Burke's landed gentry 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,12
- Company director . Called to the bar, 1853, but gave up practice in 1861. Managing director of the Guardian Fire and Life Assurance Company, 1861–1902. Collaborated with Florence Nightingale, his cousin, in the organisation of the Nightingale Training School for Hospital Nurses. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Burke's landed gentry 1952 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Geologist and churchman . Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge. Lecturer in geology at Cambridge, 1869–81; professor of geology at University College, London, 1877–1901. FRS 1878. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician and teacher . The wife of George Boole. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American physician and botanist . Resident in London from 1820. M.D. 1824. Lecturer on botany and materia medica, Webb Street School of Medicine, London, 1825. Conducted a successful medical practice in London, 1825–32. Secretary, Linnean Society of London, 1832–9; treasurer, 1856–61. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Daughter of the botanist Lucy Hardcastle of Derby, and wife of Francis Boott. Sources: Census returns 1861 PRO RG9/173: 123) Desmond, Ray 1994 s.v. Hardcastle, Lucy DNB s.v. Boott, Francis Index for deaths 1837–1996: 16421 Jnl Proc. Linn. Soc 8 1865: xxiii–xxvii (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- French botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Pharmacist , stratigrapher and palaeontologist . Of Maestricht. Studied the Cretaceous and Tertiary strata of Holland and Belgium. Member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Amsterdam. Sources: NNBW Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- French customs official and archaeologist . Director of customs, Abbeville, France, from 1825. President, Société d'Emulation, Abbeville. Published on prehistoric archaeology and palaeontology. Discovered controversial evidence of early humans in the Somme River valley gravels. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Botanist , author , collector . Professor, Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, 1876; professor, City of London College from 1884. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist . Resident on Mauritius. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- London distiller and geologist with a special interest in London Clay fossils; devoted his later career to the study of sponges. Founder of the Palaeontographical Society, 1847. FRS 1842. Sources: DNB Rec. R. Soc. London Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,7,12
- Surgeon . Author of works on physiology . Ophthalmic surgeon at the Royal Ophthalmic Hospital, Moorfields, 1851–76. Baronet, 1884. FRS 1841. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- American philanthropist , author , and ethnologist . After studying theology at Yale University, toured Europe, 1850–1. One of the founders of the New York City Children's Aid Society, 1853, and subsequently director. Published a small number of ethnological treatises. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Army surgeon and botanist . Honorary deputy inspector-general of hospitals, 1858; deputy inspector of hospitals, 1870. Surgeon at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, 1860–7. Honorary surgeon to the queen, 1859–88. Collected plants in Trinidad, 1845–6. Sources: Army list 1860–7 Desmond, Ray 1994 Medical directory 1889 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Free thinker , author and politician . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Librarian of Cambridge University Library 1867–86. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- British surgeon and zoologist . Practised medicine in Sunderland, 1857–1892. Professor of natural history, Durham College of Science (College of Physical Sciences), Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1875–1906. One of the secretaries of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club, 1863–9; president, 1875, 1892–3, 1906. Honorary curator of botany, museum of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1866–74; vice-president, 1894–1921. Published on marine and freshwater Crustacea. Author of the reports on the Ostracoda and Copepoda of the Challenger expedition. FRS 1882.Sources: Medical directory 1890–2 Men and women of the time 1899 Natural History Transactions of Northumberland and Durham 6 (1924–6): 1–7 Proceedings of the Royal Society Ser. B., 93 (1922): xx–xxiii Record of the Royal Society of London Transactions of the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club 1863–4 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Pharmacist and naturalist . An expert on Foraminifera. FRS 1874. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer on science . One of the editors of Annals of Philosophy, Zoological Journal, and Philosophical Magazine, 1822–45. FRS 1854. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3
- German physician specialising in diseases of the lung. Founded first tuberculosis sanatorium in 1854. Sources: BLA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist , traveller , journalist and publisher . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 KDGK KDLK Stadtarchiv Bielefeld parish register obituary notice Stadtarchiv Unna (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Bird fancier and author . Studied pigeon breeding in France and Germany. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12
- Irish solicitor from Belfast. Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Boston publisher and leading ornithologist . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,12
- Missionary on Keppel Island, West Falklands, 1856–69; established a mission at Ushuaia in the Beagle Channel. Author of a Fuegian grammar and dictionary. Sources: Bridges, E. L. 1948 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- lawyer Studied at Oxford. BA 1843; MA 1846. Student at the Middle Temple from 1844. Called to the bar 1847. Went to Hong Kong in 1851. Had a lucrative legal practice and engaged in money-lending at high interest rates. Acted as attorney-general and colonial secretary when the office-holders were on leave. Resigned in 1859 after being implicated in a number of scandals, and left Hong Kong in 1861. Sources: Endacott 1962 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dentist and naturalist . Practised as a surgeon-dentist in Norwich. Sources: NUC Post Office directory of Cambridge, Norfolk, and Suffolk 1865 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Farmer , naturalist and topographer . Regular contributor to journals such as the Field, the Zoologist, the Reliquary, the Derby Reporter, and the Leicestershire Guardian. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- linen merchant . Son of James Bristow (c.1796–1866), of Belfast. Of James and Robert Young (linen merchants); member of the Linen Merchants' Association, Linen Hall, Belfast 1880. Sources: Linenhall Library, Belfast (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and pathologist at St Thomas's Hospital, 1849–92. FRS 1881. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist , professional accountant and author . One of the promoters of the Manchester Microscopical Society, 1858. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French surgeon and anthropologist . M.D., Paris, 1849. Assistant professor of the medical faculty in Paris and surgeon of the Central bureau, 1853. Pioneer in the field of anthropology. Became professor of pathology at Paris in 1867; professor of clinical surgery, 1868. Vice-president, French Academy of Medicine. Sources: DBF DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Magistrate and naturalist . A founder of the Zoological Society, 1826. Possessed an unrivalled conchological cabinet. FRS 1828. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5
- Chemist . Waynflete professor of chemistry at Oxford, 1855–73. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- The elder Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie, 1st baronet, President of the Royal Society from 30 November 1858 until 30 November 1861.
- German palaeontologist . Professor of natural science at Heidelberg University, 1833. Translated and superintended the first German editions of Origin (1860) and Orchids (1862). Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Head of state . The second Raja of Sarawak and nephew of the first Raja, James Brooke. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Banker and country gentleman. Of Manchester. Baronet 1886. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish baker and geologist . Trade premises at 55 Clerk Street and 161 High Street, Edinburgh, and, later, 44 Leven Street. Author of several papers on the Silurian and glacial geology of southern Scotland. Fellow of the Edinburgh Geological Society, 1863–74; member of council, 1874. Sources: Post Office Edinburgh directory 1863–77 Royal Society catalogue of scientific papers Edinb. Geol. Soc. list (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Bank manager and naturalist . Employee of the Burton, Uttoxeter, and Ashbourne Union Bank in Burton-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, 1834; manager, 1865. Member of the Entomological Society of London, 1849; fellow of the Geological Society of London and the Royal Geographical Society; member of the Botanical Society of London. A life-long friend and patron of Henry Walter Bates; Bates's letters to Brown, Edwinhim from the Amazon were published in the Zoologist, 1849–58. Sources: Banking almanac 1865 Bates, H. W. 1892: 20 Desmond, Ray 1994 Entomologist 9 (1876): 240 Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 13 (1876–7): 116–7, 257–8 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- French physiologist . Practised medicine in France and the United States before accepting a professorship at Virginia Medical College, Richmond, in 1854. Returned to Paris in 1855; moved to England in 1858–1864. Physician, National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptics, 1860–3. Professor of physiology and pathology, Harvard Medical School, 1864–7. Professor of medicine, Collège de France, 1878–94. Conducted pioneering research in neurology and endocrinology. FRS 1860. Sources: DBF DSB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,11
- Anglican clergyman and orchid fancier .
- Civil engineer . A founder of the Society for Psychical Research. Often lectured on evidences of Christianity. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Politician , businessman and social reformer . Baron 1873. FRS 1876. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and pharmacologist . Joined staff of St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1871. Baronet 1908. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Conchologist , stratigrapher and invertebrate palaeontologist . Director of the National Museum, Zagreb. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist , popular science writer and surgeon . Son of William Buckland. Trained and practised medicine at St George's Hospital, London, 1848–53. Assistant surgeon in the Life Guards, 1854. Staff writer for the Field, 1856–65. Established an exhibit on pisciculture at the South Kensington Museum, circa 1865, and launched Land and Water, a weekly journal, in 1866. Inspector of salmon fisheries from 1867. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Geologist and clergyman . Professor of mineralogy, Oxford University, 1813; reader in geology, 1819–49. President of the Geological Society of London, 1824–5 and 1840–1. Dean of Westminster from 1845. FRS 1818. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Entomologist and illustrator . known for the high quality of his illustrations. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Secretary and author . A secretary to Charles Lyell and a writer on natural history. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and agricultural botanist . Curator of the Birmingham Philosophical Institute, 1842–7. Professor of geology and botany at the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, 1847–63. Farmed according to scientific principles in Dorset, 1863–84. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Pisciculturalist . Superintendent of the Stormontfield piscicultural experiments, 1853–66. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon . M.D., Edinburgh, 1833. Surgeon to the Royal South Hampshire Infirmary. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Wife of John Bullar, Joseph Bullar's elder brother.
- Botanist . Collected plants in South America, 1833–4; in South Africa, 1838–9. Accompanied Charles Lyell to Madeira in 1853. Justice of the peace and deputy lieutenant for Suffolk; high sheriff, 1868. Succeeded to the baronetcy as 8th baronet, 1860. FRS 1851. Sources: County families 1875 Desmond, Ray 1994 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Prussian diplomat and scholar . Ambassador in London, 1841. Sources: EB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5
- Head of state . President, Transvaal Republic, 1872–7.
- Naval serviceman . A marine aboard the Beagle.
- Russian-born naval surgeon and naturalist . Served on the hospital ship at Greenwich, 1832–55. Retired from medical practice in 1855. Member of several scientific societies. President of the Microscopical Society, 1848–9; of the Anthropological Institute, 1873–4. Zoological secretary of the Linnean Society of London, 1857–68. Hunterian Professor of comparative anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1856–9; council member, 1863; member of board of examiners, 1868; president, 1871. Specialised in palaeontology and in the study of Bryozoa. FRS 1850. Sources: DNB DSB Plarr, V. G. 1930 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Entomologist and ornithologist employed by the British Museum. Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- schoolteacher and clergyman . Headmaster of Harrow School, 1859–85. Later Dean of Gloucester and Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. Francis Galton's brother-in-law. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Patient at Moor Park and Ilkley Wells hydropathic establishments. Visited the Darwins at Down. Probably sister of Richard Butler, vicar of Trim, Ireland, 1819–62 (Modern English biography). Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1879 Correspondence Vol. 7, letters to Mary Butler, 20 February [1859] and 11 September [1859], and letter to John Murray, 14 November [1859] (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,10,11
- Author and artist . Grandson of Samuel Butler, Samuel (a) (1774–1839). Emigrated to New Zealand in 1859; returned to Britain after publishing an account of his time farming in the colony, A first year in Canterbury settlement (1863). Published books on art, music, literature, and philosophy, including the novels Erewhon (1872) and The way of all flesh (1903); published a two-volume life of his grandfather, Life of Samuel Butler, Bishop of Lichfield (1896). Became a critic of Darwinism from the 1870s. Sources: Autobiography: 167–219 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Politician and brewer . Partner in the brewery of Truman, Hanbury, Buxton, & Co. M.P. for Newport, 1857; Maidstone, 1859; East Surrey, 1865–71. Married the eldest daughter of Henry Holland in 1850. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,12
- German materialist philosopher and physician . Lecturer in medicine, especially forensic medicine, at Tübingen University, 1854–5. Following the publication of his first work, Kraft und Stoff (1855), he was debarred from academic teaching 1855 and returned to practising general medicine 1855. Sources: DBE NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,12
- Agriculturist , author , and politician . KCB 1882. FRS 1875.
- Businessman and plant collector in South America. FRS 1831. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2
- Anglican clergyman and Zoologist . Ordained 1858; succeeded his father as rector of Bloxworth, Dorset, 1868. An expert on spiders, on which he published numerous papers and monographs. FRS 1887.Sources: Proceedings of the Royal Society series B, 91 (1920): xlix--liii. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Photographer who lived on the Isle of Wight. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister who wrote on education. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist and successful businessman who lived in Wilmington, Delaware. Sources: Harshberger, J. W. 1899 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss botanist , lawyer and politician . Active in the administration of the city of Geneva until 1860. Responsible for the introduction of postage stamps to Switzerland. Professor of botany and director of the botanic gardens, Geneva, from 1835. Concentrated on his own research after 1850. Son of Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1869. Sources: DSB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Botanist . Son of Alphonse de Candolle. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Italian zoologist . Translated the first Italian edition of Origin (1864) in association with Leonardo Salimbeni. Professor of zoology, University of Modena, 1862–9; University of Padua, 1869–1900. x Sources: DBI Freeman, R. B. 1977: 105 Pancaldi, Giuliano 1991: 77–106: 77–106 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Zoologist and medical doctor County physician and coroner, Monterey County, and jail physician at Salinas. Collected zoological specimens for the Smithsonian Institute. Sources: David Hollombe, personal communication (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer . Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Bolognese writer .
- Politician . Parliamentary figure. As Secretary for War responsible for important military reforms. Viscount 1874. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French journalist and fiction writer .
- Surgeon to the Westminster Hospital, 1793–1840. Professor of anatomy at the Royal Academy, 1808–24. Vice-president of the Royal College of Surgeons four times, and president in 1828 and 1837. FRS 1804. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,4
- Austrian politician and philosopher . Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and naturalist . Fullerian Professor of physiology at the Royal Institution of Great Britain, 1844–56; professor of forensic medicine, University College, London; physiology lecturer in physiology, London Hospital, 1845–56. Registrar of the University of London, 1856–79. Founding member of the Marine Biological Association. FRS 1844. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Ophthalmic surgeon ; early interest in nervous diseases. Served on medical staff of Times and Lancet. Sources: Plarr, V. G. 1930 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Academic . Master of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1849–81. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German comparative anatomist . Conservator of the Museum of Comparative Anatomy, Oxford University, 1849–51. Extraordinary professor of comparative anatomy and director of the zoological museum, University of Leipzig, 1853. Translated the third German edition of Origin in 1867 and, subsequently, twelve other works by CD. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,5
- Philosopher . Professor of philosophy, Heidelberg.
- German botanist . Director, Bonn herbarium, 1856. Professor of botany and director of the botanic gardens at the University of Königsberg from 1858. Specialised in water plants. Sources: ADB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Illinois jurist and naturalist . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Florist , nurseryman and seedsman in Westerham, Kent. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Post office directory of the six home counties 1859–66 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,8,11,12
- Architect known for his Gothic Revival buildings in Birmingham. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Publisher , writer and geologist . Partner, with his brother William Chambers (DNB), in the Edinburgh publishing company W. & R. Chambers. Joint editor of Chambers's Journal from 1832. Anonymous author of Vestiges of the natural history of creation (1844). Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
- Hebrew scholar and physiologist . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , publisher and bookseller . Studied medicine in Paris and then at St George's Hospital, London, from 1844. Publisher and bookseller at 142 Strand until 1860. Editor and proprietor of the Westminster Review, 1851–94. M.D., St Andrews, 1857; practised as a physician. Advocated the application of an ice-bag to the spine as a remedy particularly for sea-sickness and cholera. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Educator and textbook writer . Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- PhysicianMilitary surgeon MD, Edinburgh, 1853; LRCS, 1853; FRCS, 1864. Assistant surgeon with Army Medical Department, 1854; surgeon, 1865, surgeon-major, 1874. Served with the RifleBrigade in the Crimea in 1855. Assistant professor of military hygiene, Army Medical School, Netley hospital, 1863; professor,1876. Sources: Edinburgh Academy register 1914 Medical directory 1862–88 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Physician . Accompanied William Wentworth Fitzwilliam, Viscount Milton, on his travels in north-west America and across the Rocky Mountains, 1862–4. Subsequently physician to St Mary's Hospital, London, and the Hospital for Sick Children, London. Sources: WWW 1897–1915 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- New Zealand botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American physician . Professor of gynaecology in Northwestern Medical College, St Joseph, Missouri.
- American journalist and genealogist who settled in London in 1858. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician who practised in Oxford. Interested in spontaneous generation. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist . Librarian in the department of antiquities in the British Museum, 1816; employed in the zoological department, 1823–40. Secretary of the Royal Society, 1826–7 and 1830–7. FRS 1807. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,7
- Astronomer . Employed at Royal Observatory from 1870. Astronomer Royal, 1881. KCB 1904. FRS 1881. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish physician . Professor of medical jurisprudence, Edinburgh University, 1822–32; professor of clinical medicine, 1832–55; professor of materia medica and therapeutics, 1832–77. President of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, 1839 and 1848. President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1868–73. President of the British Medical Association, 1875. Physician in ordinary to the queen in Scotland, 1848. Created baronet, 1871. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Student of pigeons . Resided in Surrey Square, Old Kent Road, London. Supplied CD with information on the flight of carrier pigeons. Sources: Post Office London directory 1857 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Physician at the Leeds General Infirmary, 1879–1919. Sources: IC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss naturalist and invertebrate zoologist . Professor of zoology and comparative anatomy, Academy of Geneva, 1862. Specialised in invertebrate anatomy, histology, embryology, and evolution. One of the first Swiss naturalists to endorse CD's theory. Sources: Dictionnaire historique & biographique de la Suisse Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,10,11,12
- Collected and grew ferns . Of Scarborough, Yorkshire. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- London Popular physician . Treated CD, 1873–82. Baronet 1883. FRS 1885. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist and architectural historian . Superintendent of the Museum of Zoology, Cambridge, 1866–91. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Demonstrator in chemistry and physics , Royal Indian Engineering College; assistant professor of physics, University College, Liverpool, from 1883.
- Botanist interested in phanerogams. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician and botanist . Held numerous posts in India. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil engineer , banker , polyglot and grammarian . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Army officer and horticulturalist . Major in the Northampton and Rutland Infantry Militia, 1862. Bred nearly thirty new varieties of begonias and many new strains of cotton. Awarded a gold medal by the Cotton Supply Association of Manchester. Member of the Royal Horticultural Society; served on the council and scientific committee for many years; awarded the society's Veitchian medal, 1894. Sources: Army list Desmond, Ray 1994 Gard. Chron 1897.04.17: 263 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11,12
- Clergyman and geologist . Emigrated to Australia in 1839, where he carried out extensive geological surveys. Discovered gold in New South Wales in 1841. Incumbent of Willoughby parish, Sydney, New South Wales, 1847–70. FRS 1876. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10,11
- German zoologist . Studied medicine, mathematics, and zoology at Marburg and Giessen, 1854–7. Professor of zoology, Marburg, 1863; Göttingen, 1870. Professor of zoology and head of the institute of zoological and comparative anatomy at Vienna, 1873. Founder and first director of the zoological research station at Trieste, 1873. Did major research in environmental influences on variability, especially in Crustacea. A strong supporter of Darwin in both his writing and lecturing. His zoology textbook was a standard work in the last three decades of the nineteenth century. Sources: DBE NDB OBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American military officer . Provost-marshal of the sixteenth congressional district, New York, 1863–5. Commissioned captain in the Union army, 1861; major, 1862. Wounded in action in Virginia, 1862; discharged for disability from wounds, 1863. Sources: Phisterer, Frederick 1912: 1988 War of the rebellion 5 (ser. 3): 531, 895 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Irish clergyman and geologist . Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Served on Board of Thames Conservancy; an authority on water problems. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American Missionary . Presbyterian missionary on Hawaii. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Social reformer and writer . Founded Anti-Vivisection Society in 1875. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , zoologist and botanist . Specialised in parasitic diseases. FRS 1864. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naval officer . KCB 1889. Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Gardener to the lunatic asylum at Fareham, Hampshire. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Civil engineer working in Buenos Aires.
- German botanist and bacteriologist . Recognised as a privatdozent at the University of Breslau; extraordinary professor, 1859; ordinary professor, 1872. Founded the first institute for plant physiology, at Breslau, in 1866. Worked on unicellular algae, and argued for the identity of the contractile contents of plant and animal cells. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1897. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- London publisher who published the first edition of CD's Journal of researches (1839). Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,5,7,8,9,10
- Physician . M.D., Edinburgh, 1827. Practitioner in Leith, 1829–47. Active in the promotion of medical missions. Established the Home and School for Invalid and Imbecile Children in Edinburgh, 1855. Friend of CD at Edinburgh University, 1825–7. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,3,4,5
- Administrator . Secretary, Epping Forest Naturalists Field Club.
- Surgeon . First practised in East Grinstead, Sussex, moving before 1855 to Eastbourne, where he remained for the rest of his life. Appointed medical officer to the first district of Eastbourne Union, and Admiralty surgeon and agent to the Eastbourne division of the coastguard. Became a prominent citizen of Eastbourne. Sources: Plarr, V. G. 1930 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Painter and writer on art . Son-in-law of T. H. Huxley. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist and writer on religious topics . Lecturer on botany to the Royal Infirmary Medical School, Liverpool, 1858–66. Also lectured on biology at the Liverpool School of Science. Served as surgeon and naturalist on H.M.S. Rifleman and H.M.S. Serpent on voyages of exploration in the China seas, 1866–7; carried out research in marine zoology. On his return to Liverpool, became senior physician of the Northern Hospital and took a leading part in the intellectual life of the city. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Merchant and botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French travel writer and music critic . Sources: Larousse XX (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist . Professor at Cornell University 1876–1914. Chief entomologist, United States Department of Agriculture, 1879–82. Sources: DAB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Shrewsbury friend of the Darwin family. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- American preacher and author . Pastor of the Unitarian Church, Washington, until 1856, when he was dismissed because of his outspoken anti-slavery views. Preacher at the First Congregational Church, Cincinnati, until 1862, when he became editor of the Boston anti-slavery newspaper Commonwealth. Moved to Britain in 1863 and, in addition to writing and public speaking, became pastor at the South Place Chapel, Finsbury, London, until 1884, and 1892–7. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Barrister . Called to the bar in 1846 and admitted at Lincoln's Inn 1853. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Publisher . Partner in John Murray's publishing company, which published many of CD's books. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Wood engraver and book illustrator . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Accountant.Born in Norfolk. Married in Dublin in 1854. Employed as a clerk in the Accountant's Department, Board of Public Works, Custom House, Dublin, until 1884.Sources: E. Charles Nelson, personal communication. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Son of Richard Corfield. Attended Shrewsbury School, 1816–19. CD stayed at his house in Valparaiso in 1834 and 1835. Sources: Shrewsbury School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Dutch botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , medical officer Derby County, West Riding, and Limerick asylums. Wrote on opium as treatment. x Sources: West Riding Asylum Reports 2 1872 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Servant . Became CD's servant on H.M.S. Beagle in 1833 and remained with him as assistant, secretary, and servant until 1839. Emigrated to Australia in 1839. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
- Physician . Student at Aberdeen in 1872. Later extra physician, out-door department, Western Infirmary, Glasgow. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish-born physician , diplomat and orientalist . Joined the East India Company medical service in 1803. Held several civil and political posts in Java, India, Siam, Cochin China, Singapore, and Burma. Returned to England in 1827; promoted the study of Indo-China and campaigned on behalf of the Singapore trading community against the East India Company. Published papers on ethnological and other subjects in various journals. President of the Ethnological Society of London, 1861–7. FRS 1818. Sources: DNB Rec. R. Soc. London Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London n.s. 6 (1867): 6–7 Turnbull 1989, pp. 25–30 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Barrister and author on legal subjects . Cambridge friend of Francis Darwin. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Schoolteacher . An undergraduate at Cambridge University in the 1870s. Keen amateur naturalist. Sources: Alum. Cantab. letters from Julius Avery Crawley to Benjamin Kidd 1894–1902 CUL Add.8069/C194–203 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surveyor and civil engineer , resident at Ham Moor, Black Boy Bridge, Chertsey, Surrey. Son of Edward Cresy (1792–1858), the architect and civil engineer who advised CD about the purchase and improvement of Down House. Worked as an architectural draftsman in his father's office as a young man. Assisted his father in preparing his Cyclopædia of civil engineering in 1845. Assistant surveyor under the commissioners of sewers, 1849; afterwards engineer. Principal assistant clerk at the Metropolitan Board of Works, 1859. Architect to the fire brigade, 1866. Founder member of the Geologists' Association, 1858; president, 1864–5; vice-president, 1865–70. Sources: Ann. Rep. Geol. Assoc 1859–70 Census returns 1861 PRO RG9/422: 118a) DNB s.v. Cresy, Edward (1792–1858)) Engineer 30 1870: 409 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- The brother of Edward Cresy.
- Scottish physician and psychologist . Medical director, West Riding Asylum, Wakefield, 1866. Lord Chancellor's visitor in lunacy, 1875–1922. Co-editor of Brain, 1878–85. Knighted, 1886. FRS 1883. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Businessman , amateur geologist and palaeontologist . Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and medical scientist . General practitioner in London from 1830. Practised as a physician in London, 1849–82. Wrote a number of books on medical subjects; published many papers on medicine and zoology. Built up a museum of comparative and pathological anatomy of over 5000 specimens. x Sources: Lancet 1882 pt 2: 1010–11 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,9
- Horticulturalist . Spent time in Germany as a gardener at the summer residence of Victoria, crown princess of Prussia, near Berlin, before becoming foreman of the propagating department at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1857–61/2. Moved to his native Chichester, where he worked as a journalist and cathedral official. Sources: Correspondence Vol. 10, letter to J. D. Hooker, [before 15 February 1862], and letter from J. D. Hooker, [before 15 February 1862] Desmond, Ray 1994 Jnl Hort n.s. 14 1868: 206–7 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,11,12
- Self-taught geologist , expert on glaciers. Resident geologist in the Edinburgh office of the Geological Survey, 1867–80. FRS 1876. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister , banker and politician . Conservative M.P. Created Viscount 1886. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Unitarian clergyman . Secretary of the Birmingham Philosophical Society. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- British entomologist who collected insects on the North American west coast. Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist and zoologist . Specialised in the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera. Travelled with his brother George Robert Crotch (1841–74) on several collecting expeditions. Married a Swede and settled in Scandinavia, where he studied lemmings. Sources: Ent. Mon. Mag 39 1903: 256 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,11
- British Diplomat . consul-general in Norway, 1843–75. Knighted, 1875. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,9
- German pharmacist and botanist . Apothecary in Trinidad in the West Indies from 1841; government botanist and director of the botanic garden, Trinidad, from 1857. Collected plants in Jamaica, Trinidad, and Venezuela. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Schlechtendal, D. F. L. 1864 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Naturalist and traveller . Collected shells and living orchids in the Pacific, on the coast of Chile, and in the Philippine Islands. Returned to England in 1839. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6
- Photographer . Author of a photographic primer, 1854. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Army general . Knighted 1869. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer . Wife of George Cupples. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish writer and dog breeder. Served as an apprentice on an eighteen-month voyage to India and back on the Patriot King, circa 1838; had his indentures cancelled on his return. Studied arts and theology at Edinburgh University for eight years. Published a number of novels and other books, and wrote many articles and stories for journals. Bred Scottish deer-hounds.Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mycologist . Called to the bar, 1844. Secretary, Linnean Society, 1860–80; vice-president and treasurer, 1880–1. One of the editors of the Natural History Review. FRS 1858. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,12
- American teacher and writer . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist , author and translator . Prepared lists of insects for the British Museum, 1847–58. Curator of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society's museum, 1858–68. Assistant secretary to the Geological Society of London, 1868–90. Translated Fritz Müller, Für Darwin (1869); prepared the index for Variation and prepared the glossary for Origin, edition 6 6th ed. Editor, Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1868–90, Popular Science Review, 1877–80. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Geol. Mag n.s. decade 3, Vol. 7 1890: 333–6 Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,12
- Wesleyan clergyman and biologist . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dog fancier and author of many books about dogs. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Collector and dealer in fossils and minerals . Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American geologist and zoologist . Naturalist with the United States expedition to the Pacific, 1838–42; wrote reports on the geology, zoophytes, and Crustacea. One of the editors of the American Journal of Science and Arts from 1840. Professor of natural history, Yale University, 1856–64; professor of geology and mineralogy, 1864–90. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1884. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Manchester inventor , optician and instrument maker . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon and botanist . Assistant surgeon to the British army in West Africa, 1841–53. Sent plants to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,10
- Hungarian naturalist who made the first Hungarian translation of the Origin.
- French zoologist . A specialist in experimental embryology. Doctor of medicine, 1847. Doctor of science, 1851. Taught natural history at various provincial institutions. Professor of zoology, University of Lille, 1864–72. Professor of ichthyology and herpetology, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1872. Director of the laboratory of teratology, later attached to the Ecole des Hautes-Etudes, 1875. Awarded the grand prize in physiology by the Académie des Sciences for Recherches sur la production artificielle de monstruosités (1877). Sources: DBF Dictionnaire universel des contemporains 1893 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Daughter of Sir Francis Sacheverel Darwin. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Née Ruck, first wife of Francis Darwin. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Remote cousin of CD. Wife of Francis Rhodes Darwin. Cousin of William Darwin Fox. Sources: Darwin pedigree Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,9
- Naturalist and author Born in Shrewsbury in 1809. Son of Robert Waring Darwin and Susannah Wedgwood. Studied medicine at Edinburgh University 1825–27. Matriculated at Christ's College, Cambridge, in 1827 and studied theology and natural science; BA 1831. Sailed round the world on board HMS Beagle, 1831–36. Married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood in 1839. They had ten children; one daughter, Anne Darwin, died at the age of ten and one son died infancy. Published numerous articles and books about his observations and deductions. With Alfred Russel Wallace, was the first to describe the mechanism by which new species develop. He called it `natural selection' and his famous work, On the Origin of Species by Natural Selection, was published in 1859. Died at his home in Downe, Kent, in 1882. Sources: ODNB Correspondence passim. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15
- CD's sister. Married Josiah Wedgwood in 1837. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- CD's brother. Attended Shrewsbury School, 1815–22. Matriculated at Christ's College, Cambridge, 1822; Edinburgh University, 1825–6. Qualified in medicine but never practised. Lived in London from 1829. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- CD's sister. Resided at The Mount, Shrewsbury, until she married Charles Langton in 1863. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
- Army officer CD's first cousin. Son of Francis Sacheverel Darwin. Captain in the Second Derby militia from 1856. Lived in Buxton, Derbyshire. Sources: Army list 1863 Darwin pedigree Darwin, Erasmus Commonplace book (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- CD's daughter. Sources: Darwin pedigree Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12
- Youngest daughter of Josiah Wedgwood II. Married CD, her cousin, in 1839. Sources: Emma Darwin 1904 and 1915 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Botanist . CD's son. B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1870. Qualified as a physician but did not practise. Collaborated with CD on several botanical projects, 1875–82. Lecturer in botany, Cambridge University, 1884; reader, 1888–1904. Published Life and letters and More letters. President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1908. Knighted, 1913. FRS 1882. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Mathematician . CD's son. B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1868; fellow, 1868–78. Called to the bar in 1872 but did not practise. Plumian Professor of astronomy and experimental philosophy, Cambridge University, 1883–1912. President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1905. Knighted, 1905. FRS 1879. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- CD's daughter. Married Richard Buckley Litchfield (Alum. Cantab..) in 1871. Assisted CD with some of his work. Edited Emma Darwin (1904) and (1915). Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1952 Correspondence Vol. 11 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Civil engineer . CD's son. B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1874. Apprenticed to an engineering firm in Kent; returned to Cambridge in 1875 to design and make scientific instruments. Founder and director of the Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company. Mayor of Cambridge, 1896–7. Knighted, 1918. FRS 1903. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12
- Military engineer . CD's son. Attended the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. Commissioned in the Royal Engineers, 1870; major, 1889. Served on several scientific expeditions, including those for the observation of the transit of Venus in 1874 and 1882. Instructor in chemistry and photography, School of Military Engineering, Chatham, 1877–82. Intelligence service, War Office, 1885–90. Liberal Unionist M.P., Lichfield division of Staffordshire, 1892–5. President, Royal Geographical Society of London, 1908–11; Eugenics Education Society, 1911–28. Chairman, Bedford College, London University, 1913–20. Sources: Keynes, M. E. 1943 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Physician . CD's father. Had a large practice in Shrewsbury and resided at The Mount. Son of Erasmus Darwin (DNB) and his first wife, Mary Howard. Married Susannah, daughter of Josiah Wedgwood I (DNB), in 1796. FRS 1788. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Son of Francis Sacheverel Darwin. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Free BMD: Death Index, 1837–1983 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- CD's sister. Lived at The Mount, Shrewsbury, the family home, until her death. Sources: Darwin pedigree Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- CD's daughter-in-law. Married William Erasmus Darwin in 1877. Friend of Chauncey Wright. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of Francis Sacheverel Darwin. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Banker . CD's eldest son. B.A., Christ's College, Cambridge, 1862. Partner in the Southampton and Hampshire Bank, Southampton, 1861. Chairman of the Southampton Water Company. Amateur photographer. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Darwin, Francis 1914 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Chemist and botanist . Professor of chemistry, Oxford University, 1822–55; professor of botany, 1834; professor of botany and rural economy, 1840. An active supporter of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. FRS 1822. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,5,8,10
- French economic geologist . Director, School of Mines, Paris, 1872–84. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Artist and palaeontologist . Fellow of the Geological Society of London. Expert on fossil brachiopods. FRS 1857. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,9
- Naval officer and hydrographer . Second master in the Terror on the Antarctic expedition, 1839–43. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Physiologist and anatomist . Brother of Humphry Davy. FRS 1834. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Geologist and palaeontologist . Knighted 1919. FRS 1867. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Australian farmer , amateur ethnologist , and protector and student of the Aborigines. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist who conducted important research on Fungi and Algae. Edited Botanische Zeitung. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant . Deputy assistant commissary general, 1842–64; deputy controller, War Ministry, 1870–2. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister . Sources: Alum. Oxon. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Geologist . First director of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1835–55. Established the Museum of Economic Geology and the School of Mines. FRS 1819. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,7,8
- French marine zoologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Italian botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Wife of Sir William Thomas Denison (1804–71) [DNB] military engineer and colonial administrator in Van Diemen's Land, New South Wales, and Madras. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1868 s.v. Hornby, Sir Phipps (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist who studied parasitic insects. Curator of the museum of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Leeds. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4
- Physician and horticulturist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French entomologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French speculative cosmologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Engineer and instrument maker . At Trinity College, Cambridge, with Horace Darwin and later collaborated with Darwin in setting up the Cambridge Scientific Instrument Co. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Jurist , with interest in social and political affairs. Vinerian Professor of English Law, Oxford, 1882–1909. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Sister of Henry Bonham-Carter. Married A. V. Dicey in 1872.
- Scottish botanist . Lecturer in botany, King's College, Aberdeen, 1839–49. Professor of natural history, Queen's College, Belfast, 1849–60. Professor of botany, Aberdeen University, 1860–77. Specialised in the study of marine algae and described many of the collections sent to the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. FRS 1881. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,9,10,11
- German physician , naturalist and geologist . Surgeon and naturalist to the New Zealand Company, 1839–41. Supernumerary professor of geology at Giessen, 1850–5. Translated CD's Journal of researches into German (1844). Sources: DNZB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7
- Editor . Son of Charles Wentworth Dilke, 1789–1864 (DNB). Founder of the Gardeners' Chronicle. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Traveller and writer . Married Sir Alexander Beaumont Churchill Dixie in 1875. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist , author , journalist and lecturer . Studied migration of birds and geographic distribution of species. Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and poultry fancier . Rector of Intwood with Keswick, Norfolk, 1842–93. Author of books on the history and management of poultry. From 1854, published under the pseudonym Eugene Sebastian Delamer. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,9,10
- Ophthalmogist and eye surgeon . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Historian , traveller and man of letters . Published lives of William Penn (1851), Robert Blake (1852), and Francis Bacon (1862). Editor of the Athenæum, 1853–69. Justice of the peace for Middlesex and Westminster, 1869. Member of the London School Board, 1870. Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and the Royal Geographical Society of London. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Writer on political subjects . Sources: Alum. Oxon. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and medical author . Entered general practice in London, 1849. Qualified as a physician and entered practice as a consultant, 1856. Physician to the Royal Hospital for Diseases of the Chest, London, 1859; honorary consulting physician, 1875. Physician to the Royal Albert Orphan Asylum, 1864. Fellow of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London, 1862. x Sources: British Medical Journal 1917.03.10: 351 Leyland, John 1888 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Irish zoologist and army surgeon . Expert on the Chiroptera and Insectivora. FRS 1883. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist and wife of Arnold Dodel-Port.
- Mathematician , logician and author . Lecturer at Oxford from 1855. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch topographical writer . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German zoologist who established the Naples Zoological Station and served as its first director. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch physiologist and ophthalmologist . Professor in Utrecht. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American politician and reformer . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist and ornithologist ; grocer , ironmonger , and insurance agent in Epping, Essex. Noted for his work on the systematics of Lepidoptera. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB Post office directory of the six home counties 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,10,11,12
- Surveyor . Resident of Chiloé. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Entomologist , Customs official and editor . Official in the Customs House from about ca1834–1884 to 1884. Secretary of the Entomological Society, 1849–56; president, 1861–2. Became an editor of the Entomologist's Monthly Magazine in 1874. Sources: Ent. Mon. Mag 41 1905: 221–2 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Robert Chambers' daughter.
- Physician . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Pharmacist and botanist in Northampton and Oxford. FRS 1927. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish botanist . Curator, Botanic Garden, Cork, 1809–29. Emigrated to Australia in 1829. Superintendent of the government gardens, Western Australia. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,8,9,10
- Family friend A friend of CD and Emma. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German physiologist who particularly studied animal electricity. A founder of the Physikalische Gesellschaft in Berlin, 1845. Instructor in anatomy, Berlin Academy of Art, 1848–53. Elected member of Prussian Academy of Sciences, 1851; permanent secretary, 1876. Appointed professor of physiology at the University of Berlin, 1858. Sources: ADB DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- German philosopher and spiritualist . Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Teacher in Berlin who wrote on electromagnetism. Sources: BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French physician and physiologist who made extensive investigations of the human nervous and muscular systems. Sources: IC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and geologist . Physician, Essex and Colchester Hospital, 1848–59; consultant physician, county asylum and Oldham Club. Practised at Blackheath from 1860. Professor of geology, King's College, London, 1870. Secretary of the Geological Society of London, 1864–70; president, 1876–8. Specialist on corals and echinoids. FRS 1868. Sources: DNB Medical directory 1849–76 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- German palaeontologist , stratigrapher and malacologist . Sources: NDB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- German chemist who moved to London in 1855. Lecturer in toxicology at Westminster Hospital medical school, 1863–97. FRS 1875. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister . Sources: Alum. Cantab. Shrewsbury School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Polish apiarian; Catholic priest Priest in Karlsmarkt and authority on bees. Sources: NDB NUC PSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7, 9
- German publishing company in Stuttgart; founded by Wilhelm Emanuel Schweizerbart in 1830; conducted by his nephew Christian Friedrich Schweizerbart from 1841. Sources: Jubiläums-Katalog (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Swiss born banker and collector Joined firm of Antony Gibbs and Sons, 1823. Sent to South America, 1825, eventually becoming a partner and manager for the firm in Valparaiso. Returned to Britain around 1852 to Hollybush estate near Dalrymple, Scotland. Later lived in London at 100 Cromwell Road. Collected mineral specimens. Sources: The Times 26 February 1884, p. 1 John Faithfull, Hunterian Museum, Glasgow (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Inventor . Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and naturalist . Had a medical practice in Unst, the most northerly of the Shetland Islands. Was an accomplished chemist, archaeologist, linguist, and musician. Made numerous additions to the list of British birds. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,9
- Frenchmicroscope manufacturers.
- Clergyman . Sources: Alum. Oxon. Shrewsbury School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Actor , entomologist , and botanist . Lived in Australia and in California. Died in New York.Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 Historical records of Australian science 11 (3) 1997: 407-18 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American businessman and entomologist . Sources: DAB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Hungarian naturalist , also known as James Egasy. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Palaeontologist . Of Oulton Park, Cheshire. Tory M.P. for South Cheshire, 1835–68; Tory M.P. for West Cheshire, 1868–81. Specialised in fossil fish. FRS 1831. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German zoologist , comparative anatomist and microscopist . Wrote extensively on infusoria and the development of coral reefs. Professor of medicine at Berlin University, 1839. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1837. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11
- Russian geologist and palaeontologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German zoologist . Professor at Tübingen from 1875. Advocated an orthogenetic theory of evolution. Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swedish zoologist and archaeologist who emigrated to the United States in 1873. Sources: WWWA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French mining engineer and geologist . Propounded a catastrophist theory of mountain elevation. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1835. Sources: DBF DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7
- Clergyman , gardener and botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Indian civil servant and archaeologist . Commissioner for the administration of the Northern Circars, 1845–54. Member of the council of the governor of Madras, 1854–60. Wrote articles on Indian natural history and culture. FRS 1878. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7
- Commercial photographers of London. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and writer . Rector of Booton, Norfolk, 1849–1900. Contributor to the Quarterly Review, 1843–85; editor, 1853–60. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Administrator . Member of the Massachusetts State board on docks and terminal facilities. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Animal physiologist . The son of Wilhelm Engelmann, the Leipzig publisher. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Publisher . Scientific publisher in Leipzig. Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon . Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1859; licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, 1860. Surgeon in Down, Kent, 1861–70. Medical officer, Second District, Bromley Union, 1863–70; divisional surgeon of police, 1863–70. Resident in Shelton, Norfolk, 1870–81; resident in Old Calabar, Nigeria, 1882–5. Sources: Medical directory 1861–86 Post office directory of the six home counties 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,11,12
- Physician and veterinarian . Sources: DBI (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German-born botanist and entomologist in Venezuela. Director, National Museum of Natural History at Caracas. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Belgian botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant . Colonial official in India. The brother of C. J. Erskine. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Austrian poet and writer . Sources: ADB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French philosopher and psychologist . Sources: Larousse XX (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German Antiquarian . nobleman with an interest in antiquities and the prehistoric barrows of his native Lower Saxony. Sources: Johanniterorden personal communication (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Wife of John Gwenogvryn Evans, Welsh scholar.
- Geologist ; paper manufacturer in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire; archaeologist, geologist, and numismatist. In 1859, his study of chipped flints helped to establish the antiquity of humans in western Europe. Published an important paper on the fossil bird, Archeopteryx, in 1865. Developed a theory of evolution with regard to coins, 1849–50, and later applied natural selection to numismatics. Active member of many archaeological, scientific, and industrial societies. Vice-president of the Royal Society of London from 1876; treasurer, 1878–89. Honorary secretary of the Geological Society of London, 1866–74; president, 1874–6. Knighted, 1892. FRS 1864. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Novelist who wrote under the name of George Eliot. Common-law wife of George Henry Lewes.Sources: DNB s.v. Cross, Mary Ann (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and geologist in India. Sources: Alum. Oxon. Clergy list (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7
- British physician . Practised in Rome and translated numerous Italian medical works. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Shropshire naturalist . Friend and Cambridge contemporary of CD. Author of several works on natural history. On coming into possession of the family estate at Eyton, Shropshire, in 1855, he built a museum for which he formed a collection of skins and skeletons of European birds. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12
- French entomologist and science writer who worked on insect behaviour. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Nurserymen at Teynham, Sittingbourne, Kent. Sources: Post office directory of the six home counties 1855 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,9
- French naturalist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Palaeontologist and botanist . Superintendent of the botanic garden, Saharanpur, India, 1832–42. Superintended the arrangement of Indian fossils for the British Museum in 1844. Superintendent of the Calcutta botanic garden and professor of botany, Calcutta Medical College, 1848–55. Retired owing to ill health and returned to Britain in 1855; pursued palaeontological research while travelling in southern Europe. Vice-president of the Royal Society of London and foreign secretary of the Geological Society of London, 1865. FRS 1845. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Entomologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Statistician who worked as the compiler of abstracts at the Registrar-General's office, 1838–79. FRS 1855. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Schoolteacher and clergyman . Public school master and broad churchman. Canon of Westminster from 1875. Preached CD's funeral sermon. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant and botanist . Assistant secretary to the marine department of the Board of Trade, 1854; permanent secretary, 1865–86. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,7
- Fingerprint expert . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Statesman . B.A., Cambridge, 1856. Blinded in a shooting accident in 1858. Appointed professor of political economy, Cambridge University, 1863. Liberal M.P. for Brighton, 1865–74. Became M.P. for Hackney and postmaster-general in 1880. FRS 1882. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9
- Physician with long experience in India. An expert on venomous snakes. Baronet 1896. FRS 1877. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Nonconformist evangelist who opened a number of orphanages for boys. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Vicar of Down, 1871–1911. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Jurist . Professor in Zürich. Author of works on international trade law. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Italian ethnologist and Assyriologist . Lecturer in Assyriology at the Reale Istituto di Studi Superiori in Florence, 1869–72. With Paolo Mantegazza, founded the Archivio di etnologia e d'antropologia. Sources: DBI Ann. Soc. Ital. Orient 1 1872: vi (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German zoologist .
- American philosopher , historian , and lecturer . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Curate of Cottenham, Cambridgeshire, 1832; curateof Willingham, Cambridgeshire, 1841–9. Vicar of Thornton Steward, Bedale, Yorkshire, 1849–85. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Pharmacist and geologist . Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Administrator . Treasurer of the Commons Preservation Society. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and geologist . President of the Geological Society, 1827–9; vice-president, 1831–46. FRS 1815. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,8
- Naval officer , hydrographer and meteorologist . Commander of H.M.S. Beagle, 1828–36. Tory M.P. for Durham, 1841–3. Governor of New Zealand, 1843–5. Superintendent of the dockyard at Woolwich, 1848–50. Chief of the meteorological department at the Board of Trade, 1854; chief of the Meteorological Office from 1855. Rear-admiral, 1857; vice-admiral, 1863. FRS 1851. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12
- Australian surveyor and naturalist . FLS 1874. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French consul-general in London, appointed in 1860.Sources: Times 1860.09.05: 5 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and archaeologist . Lived in Croydon from 1848. Sources: Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Anatomist and zoologist . Curator of the Hunterian Museum, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1861–84; Hunterian Professor of comparative anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons, 1870–84. Director of the Natural History Museum, London, 1884–98. President of the Zoological Society of London, 1879–99. President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1889. Knighted, 1892. FRS 1864. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11,12
- Explorer and author of works on Egyptian geography and travel. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and philologist . Travelled in South America, 1857–60, in search of ores of nickel and cobalt for the firm of Evans & Askins, nickel-smelters of Birmingham. After more years of travelling, he settled in England and became foreign secretary to the Iron and Steel Institute. FRS 1856. Brother of Edward Forbes. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,8
- Zoologist , botanist and palaeontologist . Naturalist on board H.M.S. Beacon, 1841–2. Appointed professor of botany, King's College, London, and curator of the museum of the Geological Society of London, 1842. Palaeontologist with the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1844–54. Professor of natural history, Edinburgh University, 1854. FRS 1845. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Natural philosopher . Professor of natural philosophy, Edinburgh University, 1833–60. Secretary of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1840–51. Principal of the United College, University of St Andrews, 1860–8. FRS 1832. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,6,8,9,11
- Danish geologist and chemist . Became a lecturer in geology at the University of Copenhagen in 1821; professor of mineralogy and geology, 1831. Professor of chemistry and mineralogy, Polytechnic Institute, and manager of one of its two chemical laboratories. Secretary, Royal Danish Academy of Sciences, 1851–65. Sources: DBL DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,7,9
- Farmer of Newstead, near Trentham, Staffordshire. Agent to the Fitzherbert estate at Swynnerton, Staffordshire. Sources: Freeman, R. B. and Gautrey, P. J. 1969 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Author of works on scepticism and the modern social order. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss physician and entomologist . An expert on ants. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Family friend A life-long friend of Henrietta Emma Darwin. An aunt of E. M. Forster. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physiologist . Taught at Cambridge from 1870. KCB 1899. FRS 1872. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Farmer and author who wrote about country life. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister . Son of William Darwin Fox. Sources: Alum. Oxon. Repton School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- A son of Francis Fox.
- Diplomat . Minister plenipotentiary to Buenos Aires, 1831–2; Rio de Janeiro, 1833–6; Washington D.C., 1836–44. Uncle of Charles James Fox Bunbury. Formed a herbarium at Rio de Janeiro. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,6
- Clergyman . CD's second cousin. A friend of CD's at Cambridge; shared his enthusiasm for entomology. Maintained an active interest in natural history throughout his life and provided CD with much information. Rector of Delamere, Cheshire, 1838–73. Spent the last years of his life at Sandown, Isle of Wight. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Autobiography Correspondence (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Chemist . Professor of chemistry, Putney College for Civil Engineering, 1850; professor of chemistry, Owens College, Manchester, 1851–7. Lecturer in chemistry, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1857–64. Professor of chemistry, Royal Institution, 1863–9, and at the Royal College of Chemistry, later united with the Royal School of Mines, 1865–85. President of the Chemical Society, 1871–3; of the Institute of Chemistry, 1877–80. Knighted, 1897. FRS 1853. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,9,12
- Daughter of Edward Frankland.
- Naturalist to the Niger expedition, 1841–2. Curator of the Zoological Society museum, 1843–5. Conservator of Lord Derby's menagerie at Knowsley until 1850. Undertook an expedition to South America, where he collected many rare birds and other animals. Upon his return, he became a dealer in birds for a time. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,5,8
- Barrister . FRS 1837. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Photographer associated with the London firm of Elliott and Fry.
- Quaker lawyer and naturalist who published widely on vertebrate morphology. GCB 1907. FRS 1883. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Austrian neurophysiologist . Sources: BLA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Philologist , literary scholar and reformer . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Political leader . Governor of Saratoff in Russia.
- Sister of Francis Galton. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Justice of the peace and deputy lieutenant of Somerset. Brother of Francis Galton. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,5
- Daughter of Erasmus and Elizabeth Collier Darwin. Married Samuel Tertius Galton in 1807. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2
- Traveller , statistician and scientific writer . CD's cousin. Explored in south-western Africa, 1850–2. Carried out various researches on heredity. Founder of the eugenics movement. FRS 1860. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Plant collector and Cinchona plantation manager in Sikkim. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish solicitor and botanist in County Down. Fern fancier. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Editor of the Nation from 1865. Son of William Lloyd Garrison. Sources: WWWA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Vertebrate zoologist . Professor of comparative anatomy at King's College, London, from 1874. FRS 1876. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon . Dean of the medical school at St Mary's Hospital, London. Sources: Plarr, V. G. 1930 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mystic and birth control advocate . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- The second daughter of Elizabeth C. Gaskell and friend of the Darwin family.
- Swiss palaeobotanist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- French evolutionary palaeontologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mining engineer in Malaya. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist , sociologist and urban planner . Knighted 1932. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish geologist . Appointed member of the Scottish branch of the Geological Survey in 1855. Director of the Geological Survey of Scotland, 1867–82. Director-general of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1882–1901. Murchison Professor of geology and mineralogy, Edinburgh University, 1871–81. Knighted, 1891. FRS 1865. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,9,11
- Scottish geologist . The brother of Archibald Geikie. FRS 1875. Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French zoologist . Succeeded his father, Etienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, as professor at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle in 1841. Continued his father's work in teratology. Became professor of zoology at the Sorbonne in 1850. Sources: DBF DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,6,7,8,9,10,11
- American lawyer , ethnologist , and fortyniner who studied Indian languages in the Pacific Northwest. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Woolsorter and botanist who taught botany at the Mechanics Institute. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Banker and botanist . FLS 1847. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician . Entered military service in 1826 as a hospital assistant; later promoted to surgeon. Served in the Crimean War. Director-general of the Army Medical Department, 1860–7. Knighted, 1865. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,12
- Agricultural chemist . Collaborated with J. B. Lawes at the Rothamsted Agricultural Station, 1843–1900. Professor at Oxford, 1884–92. Knighted 1893. FRS 1860. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American zoologist associated with the Smithsonian Institution from 1861–1894 to 1894. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American geologist and botanist . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Administrator . Secretary of the Comision de Propaganda of the Institucion libre de Enseñanza, Madrid.
- German philosopher . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Statesman and author . Chancellor of the exchequer, 1852–5 and 1859–66. Prime minister, 1868–74. FRS 1881. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,11
- Clergyman . Assistant chaplain at St Paul's, Colombo, Ceylon, 1834; chaplain at Trincomalee, 1840; archdeacon of Kandy, 1870; retired 1871. Edited the Ceylon Chronicle, 1837–8. Collected plants for George Henry Kendrick Thwaites. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Beven, F. L. 1946: 53–4 Desmond, Ray 1994 Lewis, J. P. 1913: 438 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Clergyman . Curate of Postling, Kent, 1849–51; curate of Lyminge, 1851–3. Diocesan Inspector, London, 1853–7. HM Inspector for London and Middlesex, 1857–8; inspector for Norfolk, Suffolk, and Essex, 1858–60. Curate of Blore Ray, Staffordshire, 1861–9. Vicar of Croxton, near Eccleshall, 1869–1903. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Breeder of cactuses . Of Smedley Hill, Cheetham, near Manchester. Sources: Post Office directory of Lancashire, Liverpool, and Manchester 1858 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,9
- Translator . Made first Spanish translation of the Origin, 1877.
- Ornithologist , entomologist and traveller . Founder member of the ornithological magazine Ibis. Friend of Osbert Salvin, with whom he undertook an exploration of Guatemala in 1861. Studied the fauna of the Azores, 1865–70. Continued the editorial supervision of the sixty-three-volume Biologia Centrali-Americana (Godman and Salvin eds. 1879–1915) after Salvin's death in 1898. Trustee of the British Museum, 1897–1919. FRS 1882. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Godman, F. DuC. and Salvin, Osbert 1879–1915 1: 4–12 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Chemist . Student in Prague, later chemist. Sources: BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Philologist and historian of ancient philosophy . Professor at Vienna University, 1873–1900. Sources: OBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and naturalist . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish surgeon and anatomist . Surgeon in Anstruther, Fifeshire, 1835–40. Conservator, museum of the Royal College of Surgeons, Edinburgh, 1841–3. Conservator, human and comparative anatomy museum, Edinburgh University, 1840; curator, anatomy and pathology museum, 1843; demonstrator in anatomy, 1844; professor of anatomy, 1846. FRS 1846. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Army officer . Major-general, Royal Engineers. Killed at the siege of Khartoum, 1885. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Horticulturist employed in the gardens of the Horticultural Society at Chiswick. Superintendent of the hardy and hothouse departments. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Zoologist , traveller and writer . Collected zoological specimens in the West Indies for the British Museum, 1844–6. Made his living as a writer from 1847. Lived at St Marychurch, near Torquay, Devonshire, from 1852. Cultivated orchids. Studied marine invertebrates. FRS 1856. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- French physician , botanist and geologist . Became a member of the Société botanique de France while still a student, 1857/8. Professor of physical sciences, Lycée Impérial Louis-le-Grand, Paris. Member of the Société Géologique de France, and of the Academies of Moscow and Hanau. Author of botanical and geological papers, medical works, and of a work on science and religion. His herbarium comprised five or six thousand French plants, together with about a thousand Russian plants, and a collection of mosses and seaweeds. Sources: BLC Bull. Soc. Bot. France 5 1858: vi, 14 1867: 144, 240 from E. M. J. M. P. Goubert, 20 September 1862 Lorenz, Otto 1868 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- American physician and conchologist . Practised medicine in Boston, Massachusetts. Co-author, with Louis Agassiz, of the Principles of zoology (1848). Described the shells collected during the United States Exploring Expedition, 1838–42. An active member of the Boston Society of Natural History. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,10
- Commercial traveller of Boston Road, Sleaford, Lincolnshire. Sources: Post Office directory of Lincolnshire 1868 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Ornithologist and artist . Taxidermist to the Zoological Society of London, 1826–81. Described the birds collected on the Beagle and Sulphur expeditions. FRS 1843. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Nurseryman . Foreman, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, until 1865. Specialist on orchids. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10,11,12
- Kentuckean psychologist . Published a book on psychology. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Sheep and cattle farmer .
- Philosopher and political economist . Professor of jurisprudence and political economy, Belfast, 1882–1909. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Frenchmedical doctor and hygienist. Taught at the Lycée Blaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand. Wrote on education and other subjects. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Journalist and devout Calvinist. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish physician and zoologist . An early supporter of the theory of the transmutation of species. Befriended CD in Edinburgh. Professor of comparative anatomy and zoology, University College, London, 1827–74. FRS 1836. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,4,8,9,11
- French physician , botanist and malacologist . Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Amateur naturalist from Massachusetts.
- American botanist . Fisher Professor of natural history, Harvard University, 1842–88. Wrote numerous botanical textbooks and works on North American flora. President of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1863–73; president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1872; a regent of the Smithsonian Institution, 1874–88. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1873. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Zoologist ; an expert on insects and birds. Assistant in the zoological department of the British Museum, 1831–72. Brother of John Edward Gray. FRS 1865. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9
- Botanist and zoologist . Assistant keeper of the zoological collections at the British Museum, 1824; keeper, 1840–74. President, Botanical Society of London, 1836–56. FRS 1832. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Daughter of Charles Greely Loring, Boston lawyer and politician, and Anna Pierce Brace. Married Asa Gray in 1848. Edited the Letters of Asa Gray (1893). Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 Dupree, A. H. 1959: 177–84 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11, 12
- Philologist . Fellow of the Philological Society. Translated E. Maetzner's Englische Grammatik (1874). Sources: NUC, Post Office directory of the six home counties 1866 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish naturalist . Professor of natural history at Queen's College, Cork, 1858–77. One of the editors of the Natural History Review. Studied Hydrozoa. Sources: Huxley, Leonard 1900 Praeger, R. L. 1949 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,12
- Author and newspaper editor. Published both fiction and non-fiction while working as a journalist in the 1850s and 60s. Editor, The Queen, 1861–3; Cornhill, from 1862; Pall Mall Gazette, 1865--80, St James's Gazette, 1880–91Sources: ODNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Essayist who contributed to many of the leading quarterlies. Comptroller of the stationery office, 1864–77. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Army officer , explorer , and colonial governor . Governor of South Australia, 1841–5; of New Zealand, 1845–53 and 1861–8; of Cape Colony, 1854–61. Settled in New Zealand, 1870–94. Prime minister of New Zealand, 1877–9. Knighted, 1848. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,8,10,12
- Publisher . Proprietor of Richard Griffin & Co., a bookselling and publishing company. Bookseller in Glasgow, 1853–9; managed the London business, 1859–61. Partner with Henry Bohn in Stationers' Hall, 1861–2. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Nature writer opposed to evolution. Took additional name of Napier in 1865. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer on music and lexicographerApprenticed as a civil engineer, 1836; worked as a civil engineer, 1839–50. Secretary of the Society of Arts, 1850–2. Secretary to the Crystal Palace Company, 1852–73; a director, 1873–8. Originated the Palestine Exploration Fund, 1865. Edited Macmillan's Magazine, (1878–89). Director of the Royal College of Music, 1882–94. Knighted, 1883. Sources: Modern English biography ODNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 19
- Lawyer , judge and natural philosopher . Professor of experimental philosophy, London Institution, 1847. An active member of the Royal Society of London; treasurer and chairman of the executive committee of the Philosophical Club, 1847; Royal Medallist, 1847. Member of the Royal Commission on the Law of Patents, 1864. Appointed to the bench, Court of Common Pleas, 1871. FRS 1840. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- London botanist . Editor and contributor to numerous botanical works. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Woodturner and botanist who taught botany at Working Men's College. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American missionary and naturalist . An early advocate of the concept of geographic speciation. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician to the Queen. Knighted 1872. FRS 1869. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Anatomist and physiologist . Surgeon to the Royal Horse Guards. Member of the council of the Royal College of Surgeons, 1852. Hunterian professor of comparative anatomy and physiology, 1861. FRS 1839. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7
- Philosopher who wrote on the psychology of music, ethics, and spiritualism. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Norfolk financier and ornithologist . M.P., King's Lynn, Norfolk, 1854–65. Sources: Modern English biography Stenton, Michael 1976 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- French botanist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Daughter of Karl Friedrich von Gärtner. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- German-born zoologist . Began his association with the British Museum in 1857 when he was charged with completing the museum's catalogues of amphibia, reptiles, and fish; officially joined the staff in 1862. Assistant keeper of the zoological department, 1872–5; keeper, 1875–95. Edited the Record of Zoological Literature, 1865–9. FRS 1867. Sources: DNB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10
- German-born explorer and geologist . Travelled to New Zealand in 1858 to report on the prospects for German emigration. Explored the western districts of Nelson province at the request of the provincial government in 1859. Appointed provincial geologist, 1861. Conducted the first geological survey of Canterbury province, 1861–8. Became a British national in 1861. Founded the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury in 1862, and the Canterbury Museum in 1863. Professor of geology, Canterbury College, 1876–87. Member of the senate of the University of New Zealand, 1879–87. Knighted, 1886. FRS 1867. Sources: DNB DSB DNZB Haast, H. F. von 1948: 446 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10,11,12
- Plant physiologist . Professor of botany, Graz, 1888–1910; Berlin, 1910–23. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Solicitor . CD's solicitor. Offices at 31 Fenchurch Street, London. Admitted to practise, 1854; formed partnerships with David Rowland, James Weston, and Edward Francis Turner at Leadenhall House, Leadenhall Street. Ceased to practise in 1885. Commissioner of oaths and affidavits, and examiner of witnesses in England, and for the High Court of Judicature, Bombay. Sources: Law list 1854–85 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German zoologist . M.D., Berlin, 1857. Lecturer in comparative anatomy, University of Jena, 1861–2; professor extraordinarius of zoology, 1862–5; professor of zoology and director of the Zoological Institute, 1865–1909. Specialist in marine invertebrates. Leading populariser of evolutionary theory. His Generelle Morphologie der Organismen (1866) linked morphology to the study of the phylogenetic evolution of organisms. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Moravian missionary in Australia. Set up mission at Lake Wellington in 1863 for the benefit of the Aborigines. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American mining engineer . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Family friend Close friend and neighbour of CD before Beagle voyage. Sister of Fanny Owen Biddulph. Married firstly Edward Hosier Williams in 1831 (d. 1844) and secondly T. C. Haliburton in 1856.
- Naval captain and geographer . FRS 1816. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3
- Agricultural experimentalist .
- Naval officer and civil servant . Private secretary to the Admiralty, 1845–55. Admiral, 1865. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- American divine and author . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Pharmacist ; partner in the London firm Allen & Hanbury of Lombard Street, London. Member of a number of scientific societies in London, including the Royal Society, the Linnean Society, the Chemical Society, and the Microscopical Society. Member of the board of examiners of the Pharmaceutical Society, 1860–72. FRS 1867. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Barrister . Admitted at Lincoln's Inn 1864, called to the bar 1867. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Diplomat and botanist . Stationed in Hong Kong, 1844; vice-consul, Whampoa, 1861–78; consul, Canton, 1878–81 and 1883; acting consul, Amoy, 1886. Published a supplement to George Bentham's Flora Hongkongensis (1861) in 1873. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Zoologist and palaeontologist in Newcastle upon Tyne. Collaborated with Joshua Alder on the Monograph of British nudibranchiate Mollusca (1845–55). Contributed several papers on the boring apparatus of sponges, molluscs, and cirripedes to the Tyneside Naturalists' Field Club, which he had helped to found in 1846. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7
- Scottish chemist . Sources: BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister and comptroller of legacy and succession duties at Somerset House, 1865–86. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Politician . An active member of the artillery volunteer movement from 1862. Sheriff of Oxfordshire, 1875. M.P. for Oxfordshire, 1878–85; M.P. for South Oxfordshire, 1885–6. Studied the natural history of Madeira. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8,9
- Clergyman . Curate of the Subdeanery Church, Chichester, 1827–32. Vicar of North and South Hayling, Hampshire, 1832–80. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Crockford's (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10
- Administrator . Secretary and actuary, London Provincial Law Assurance Society. Fellow of the Institute of Actuaries. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Bailiff and steward at Chillingham Castle, Northumberland, seat of Charles Augustus Bennet, earl of Tankerville. Sources: Post Office directory of Northumberland 1858 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10
- Zoologist . Professor of natural history, Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist , invertebrate palaeontologist and meteorologist . Studied the glacial geology of Norfolk and Suffolk. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Tailor at 20 Gloucester Street, Bloomsbury, London. Sources: from G. E. Harris, 3 March 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Barrister , jurist , and writer wrote on historical and philosophical subjects. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Fossil collector and stratigrapher . Sources: Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Author and positivist . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish horticulturist . Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish geologist .
- Ornithologist and conservationist . Editor of the Field from 1870 and the Zoologist from 1877. Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch zoologist and microscopist . An early supporter of CD. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German mineralogist and metallurgist . Commissioner of mines in Brunswick. German translator of Charles Lyell's Elements of geology. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Dutch naturalist and geologist . Translator and champion of CD's work in the Netherlands. Sources: NNBW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish botanist . Colonial treasurer in Cape Town; collected plants in South Africa, 1836–42. Keeper of the herbarium, Trinity College, Dublin, from 1844; professor of botany, Royal Dublin Society, 1848–66; professor of botany, Trinity College, Dublin, 1856–66. Published several works on South African plants, including Flora Capensis (1859–65) with Otto Wilhelm Sonder. Specialist in marine algae. FRS 1858. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Clergyman . Sources: Alum. Oxon. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Artist , sculptor , geologist , and popular natural history lecturer and author . Assistant superintendent of the Great Exhibition, 1851. Commissioned by the Crystal Palace Company to construct life size replicas of extinct animals for the park in 1852. Illustrated Fish (part 4) and Reptiles (part 5) for the Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Men and women of the time 1865 Bramwell, V. and McCracken Peck, R. 2008 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Daughter of Francis Wedgwood. Married John Clarke Hawkshaw in 1865. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and explorer . Professor of geology, University of Pennsylvania, 1865–72. Served on the United States Geological Survey, 1867–86. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Explorer , cartoonist , hospital administrator and barrister . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Provincial doctor and asylum superintendent . Reformer in asylum practice. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French botanist who translated some of CD's works. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish geologist . Surgeon and geologist on the government expedition to the western parts of British North America, 1857–60. Geologist to the provincial government of Otago, New Zealand, 1861–5. Director of the Geological Survey of New Zealand, 1865. Director of the meteorological department of the New Zealand Institute, of the Colonial Museum, and of the botanical garden, Wellington, 1866–1903. Knighted, 1887. FRS 1866. Sources: DNZB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Swiss biogeographer , palaeontologist and botanist . An expert on Tertiary flora. Lecturer in botany, University of Zürich, 1834–5; director of the botanic garden, 1834; associate professor, 1835–52; professor of botany and entomology, 1852–83. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,9,10,11
- Dutch zoologist .
- Physician in Bitterfeld. Sources: Stadtarchiv, Bitterfeld personal communication (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist who worked in Greece. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and entomologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish writer , horticulturist and seed merchant . Emigrated to the United States in 1843. Sources: DAB Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist . Translated German works on physiological botany into English. Lecturer in botany, St George's Hospital, London, 1847. Professor of botany, King's College, London, 1854–9. FRS 1852. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Equitydraughtsman and conveyancer . Called to the bar 1879. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Author on religious subjects . A close friend of George Eliot. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish physicist . Wrote papers on terrestrial physics, meteorology, and climatology. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German physiologist and marine biologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Chemist at the University of Leiden, 1879–91. Sources: BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and teacher . B.A., Christ's College, Cambridge, 1858. Headmaster at Hampton Lucy Grammar School, Warwick, 1861–5; headmaster at the Grammar School, Store Street, London, 1865–72. Lecturer in botany at St Bartholomew's Medical School, 1866–90. Younger son of John Stevens Henslow. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,3,5,6,7
- Daughter of George Leonard Jenyns and sister of Leonard Jenyns. Married John Stevens Henslow in 1823. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1879 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,6,7
- Clergyman , botanist and mineralogist . CD's teacher and friend. Professor of mineralogy, Cambridge University, 1822–7; professor of botany, 1825–61. Extended and remodelled the Cambridge botanic garden. Curate of Little St Mary's Church, Cambridge, 1824–32; vicar of Cholsey-cum-Moulsford, Berkshire, 1832–7; rector of Hitcham, Suffolk, 1837–61. Sources: DNB DSB Historical register of the University of Cambridge (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Civil servant . Colonial secretary, Tasmania, 1857-62. Returned to England, 1863. Wrote on animal husbandry. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister and judge . B.A., St John's College, Cambridge, 1830; fellow, 1832–40. Barrister, 1835. County court judge, South Wales, 1847–82. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,6,7
- Poet . Married John Maurice Herbert in 1840. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,6
- Naturalist , classical scholar , linguist , politician and clergyman . Noted for his work on plant hybridisation. Rector of Spofforth, Yorkshire, 1814–40. Dean of Manchester, 1840–7. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11
- American editor and journalist . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Astronomer , mathematician , chemist , and philosopher . Member of many learned societies. Carried out astronomical observations at the Cape of Good Hope, 1834–8. Master of the Royal Mint, 1850–5. Created baronet, 1838. FRS 1813. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German travel writer . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Judge of poultry exhibitions . Resided in Sparkbrook, Birmingham. Sources: Tegetmeier, W. B. 1856–7: 89 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,9
- Schoolteacher and solicitor . Assistant master at Birmingham High School, 1863. Solicitor 1872. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Land agent . Son of John Higgins. Carried on the family business after the death of his father.
- Clergyman and geologist . Inspector of National Schools, Liverpool, 1842–8. Chaplain of Rainhill Asylum, Liverpool, 1853–86. President of the Naturalist's Field Club, Liverpool, 1861–81. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Crockford's (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Land agent . Agent for CD's farm at Beesby, Lincolnshire. Crown agent and receiver of crown rents for the northern district of England, and assistant enclosure commissioner for England and Wales, circa 1855–68. Sources: Correspondence Vol. 3 Linc. Rut. Stam. Merc 1872.11.22 Linc. Chron, 22 November 1872 Post Office directory of Lincolnshire [1849]–68 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12
- Reformer , journalist , and army officer . Commander of the first black regiment in the United States Army, 1862–4. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Lecturer, Bonn University, 1859. Professor of botany, University of Freiburg, 1868–1907. Primarily concerned with ecological aspects of botany. Sources: Correns, C. 1916 Junker, Thomas 1989 Taxonomic literature (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Postal official . Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- schoolteacher and editor of Boswell's Life of Johnson and of works by Samuel Johnson. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Jamaican-born magistrate and planter who was educated in England. Active in the anti-slavery movement. Naturalist who specialised in the ornithology of Jamaica. Assisted Philip Henry Gosse (1810–88) in the preparation of works on the natural history ofJamaica the island. Sources: Cundall, Frank 1920 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8
- Tanner and timber merchant in Alnwick, Northumberland. Sources: Post Office directory of Northumberland 1858 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Surgeon and naturalist ; served aboard H.M.S. Sulphur, 1836–42. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Plarr, V. G. 1930; David Hollombe, personal communication.) (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,8
- German-born chemist who emigrated to the United States in 1861. Sources: Elliott, C. A. 1979 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American geologist and clergyman . Professor of chemistry and natural history, Amherst College, 1825–45; president, 1845–55; professor of geology and natural theology, 1855–64. Served on the Massachusetts, New York, and Vermont geological surveys. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,11
- Lecturer on religion . B.A., Dublin, 1859. Delivered a series of lectures on pre-Christian religions. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German geologist . Geologist for the Reichsanstalt in Vienna, 1854–6. Lecturer in geology, University of Vienna, 1856–7. Naturalist on the Novara expedition, 1857–9. Professor of geology and mineralogy at the Polytechnic Institute in Vienna, 1860–81. Undertook further travels, acting as geological adviser on the construction of the Turkish railway (1869) and trans-Siberianrailway (1872) railways. Director of the Hofmuseum, Vienna, from 1876. Sources: BHGW DBE NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Physician . Lecturer in surgery at Otago University, New Zealand. FLS 1884. Sources: DNZB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch zoologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- German organic chemist . Student of Justus von Liebig at the University of Giessen; assistant to Liebig, 1843. Director, Royal College of Chemistry, London, 1845–65. Professor of chemistry, Berlin University, 1865–92. Founded the Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft, Berlin, 1867. FRS 1851. Sources: ADB DBE DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- American physician and zoologist . Studied the formation of coral reefs. Joined the American Museum of Natural History in 1871. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Politician . CD's second cousin. B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1829. Liberal M.P. for East Worcestershire, 1835–7; M.P. for Evesham, 1855–68. President of the Royal Agricultural Society. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Stenton, Michael 1976 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,5,6
- Physician . Cousin of the Darwins and Wedgwoods. Physician in ordinary to Prince Albert, 1840?; to Queen Victoria, 1852. President of the Royal Institution of Great Britain, 1865–73. Created baronet, 1853. FRS 1815. Sources: Caroe, G. M. 1985 DNB Emma Darwin 1904 Physicians Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Botanist . Curator of the Pharmaceutical Society Museum, 1872–1922. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swedish physiologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Czech physician and traveller . Studied South African fossils. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of John Stevens Henslow. Married Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1851. Sources: Allan, Mea 1967 DNB s.v. Hooker, Joseph Dalton (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- J. D. Hooker's second wife, married in 1876.
- Botanist Worked chiefly on taxonomy and plant geography. Son of William Jackson Hooker. Friend and confidant of CD. Accompanied James Clark Ross on his Antarctic expedition, 1839–43, and published the botanical results of the voyage. Appointed palaeobotanist to the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1846. Travelled in the Himalayas, 1847–50. Assistant director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1855–65; director, 1865–85. Knighted, 1877. FRS 1847. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Eldest daughter of Dawson Turner. Married William Jackson Hooker in 1815; acted as her husband's secretary. Mother of Joseph Dalton Hooker. Sources: Allan, Mea 1967 s.v. "Turner pedigree" Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Botanist . Father of Joseph Dalton Hooker. Regius professor of botany, Glasgow University, 1820. Appointed first director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1841. Knighted, 1836. FRS 1812. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Entomologist and clergyman . Curate of Frodesley, Shropshire. President of the Entomological Society, 1835 and 1846. Founded a professorship of zoology at Oxford University in 1849, and in the same year donated his entomological and other collections. FRS 1834. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,8,9,10
- Landowner . Assisted his uncle, Louis Hope, son of General Sir John Hope, fourth earl of Hopetoun (Australian dictionary of biography), in promoting the sugar industry in Queensland, Australia. Wrote In quest of coolies (1872), describing his expedition to secure labour for the sugar plantations from the New Hebrides (Vanuatu). Served as a Red Cross doctor on the Turkish side in the 1877 Russo-Turkish War. Settled as Whitney Court, Hereford; high sheriff of Herefordshire, 1901.Sources: Burke's peerage 2003 s.v. Linlithgow Hope 1872 Mr J. N. Hope, personal communication (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician and geologist . Tutor in mathematics at Cambridge University. President of the Geological Society of London, 1851–3. Specialised in quantitative studies of geological and geophysical questions. FRS 1837. Sources: DNB DSB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,11
- Entomologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Married Leonard Horner in 1806. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,10
- Author and translator . Daughter of Leonard Horner. Author, with Susan Horner, of Walks in Florence and its environs (1873) and translator, with Leonora Pertz, of German works. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Scottish geologist and educationalist . Founded the Edinburgh School of Arts in 1821. Warden of University College, London, 1828–31. Inspector of factories, 1833–56. A promoter of science-based education at all social levels. President of the Geological Society of London, 1846 and 1860–2. Father-in-law of Charles Lyell. FRS 1813. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Clergyman . Curate at Down who went to jail for misappropriating church funds. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American author of works on women . Sources: WWWA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Equitydraughtsman and conveyancer . Called to the bar 1860. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Brother of Jean Charles Houzeau de Lahaie.
- Belgian astronomer and geographer , who wrote on animal intelligence. Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and naturalist . FRS 1893. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German philosopher and theologian . Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch zoologist interested in comparative embryology. Professor of zoology and comparative anatomy, Utrecht, 1882–1910. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Astronomer who did important work in star spectroscopy. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Attended Shrewsbury School, 1818–19. Resident in Buenos Aires, 1832–3. Sources: Shrewsbury School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Sister of William Darwin Fox. Married Reverend John Hughes in 1852. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist . Employed by the Geological Survey. Later taught at Cambridge. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss naturalist and palaeontologist . Curator of the Geneva museum. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Prussian Eminent naturalist , geographer and traveller . Official in the Prussian mining service, 1792–6. Explored equatorial South America, Cuba, Mexico, and the United States, 1799–1804. Travelled in Siberia in 1829. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1815. Sources: DBE DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Zookeeper . Head keeper at the Zoological Society's gardens. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Speech therapist and anthropologist . Honorary secretary of the Ethnological Society of London, 1859–62. Founder and first president of the Anthropological Society of London, 1863. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,11,12
- Physicist . Professor of experimental physics at the School of Mines, Jermyn Street, London. Published the first English treatise on photography, 1841. Keeper of mining records, 1845–78. FRS 1854. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Diplomat . Consul at Archangel, 1832; Azores, 1839–48; Bordeaux, 1866. Collected plants for the Botanical Society of London. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,6
- Geologist and army officer . Entered the India Mercantile Marine circa 1850–1. Studied at King's College London, 1854–5. Joined the Royal Welsh Fusiliers, serving in the Crimea and India, 1855–8. Completed his education at Sandhurst and Woolwich academies. Captain, 1862. Left the army in 1865, and emigrated to New Zealand in 1866. Employed by Auckland provincial government to survey coal deposits. Assistant geologist to the Geological Survey of New Zealand, 1871–3. Provincial geologist of Otago, 1873–6. Professor of natural science, University of Otago, 1877–80. Professor of biology, Canterbury College, 1880–93. Curator of Canterbury Museum from 1893. FRS 1892. Sources: DNZB Stenhouse, John 1990 Thomson, G. M. 1884–5 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,12
- Politician and geologist . Of Putney Park, Surrey. Formerly a merchant in Dublin. M.P. for Dublin, 1837–41. A secretary of the Geological Society, 1836–8; council member, 1836–41 and 1842–9. Served on the council of University College London and of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Sources: Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4
- Army officer . Captain in the Bengal Army; invalided in 1841. Author of works on natural history and scriptural geology. Fellow of the Geological Society. Sources: East-India register and army list 1860 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,8
- Born Henrietta Anne Heathorn. Emigrated to Australia in 1843. Met Thomas Henry Huxley in Sydney, Australia, in 1847, and married him in 1855. Sources: Desmond, Adrian 1994–7 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Physician . Son of Huxley, H. A.Henrietta Anne and Thomas Henry Huxley. Became a fashionable general practitioner in London. Sources: Clark, R. W. 1968 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Zoologist . Assistant surgeon on H.M.S. Rattlesnake, 1846–50, during which time he investigated Hydrozoa and other marine invertebrates. Lecturer in natural history, Royal School of Mines, 1854; professor, 1857. Appointed naturalist to the Geological Survey of Great Britain in 1855. Hunterian Professor, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1863–9. Fullerian Professor, Royal Institution of Great Britain, 1863–7. President of the Royal Society of London, 1883–5. FRS 1851. Sources: Clark, R. W. 1968 Desmond, Adrian 1994–7 DNB DSB Royal Society record (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- American zoologist . Neo-Lamarckian zoologist. Professor of zoology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1867–88; professor of biology, Boston University, 1877–1902. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Auctioneer and botanist in Belfast. Collected plants in northern Ireland and made a herbarium. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- French zoologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Perpetual curate of Down, 1846–68; vicar, 1868–9. Born John Innes. Left Down in 1862 after inheriting an entailed estate at Milton Brodie, near Forres, Scotland; changed his name to Brodie Innes in 1861 as required by the entail. Priest in charge of Milton Brodie Mission and general licentiate of the diocese of Moray, 1861. Chaplain to the Bishop of Moray, 1861–80 and 1886–94. Sources: Clergy list County families 1864 Crockford's Freeman, R. B. 1978 Moore, J. R. 1985 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Clergyman . B.D., Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1823. Vicar of St Margaret's, Leicester, 1830–47. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Teacher Governess to the children of Emily Jesse, Alfred Tennyson's sister. Studied for the French State Certificate in teaching at the Convent College in Arras, France, 1862–4. Possibly CD's secretary in 1871. First headmistress of the Port Elizabeth Collegiate School for girls, in South Africa, 1874–86.Sources: Dr Paul Newbury, personal information; letter from Emma Darwin to V. L. Isitt, [before 17 September 1871] (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Army officer and geographer . Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, 1841–7. FRS 1845. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,5
- Servant at Down House. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naval officer . Lieutenant-commander of the brig Spey from 1833. Sources: Navy list 1838 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3
- British Army surgeon . Director-general of the Army Medical Department, 1896–1901. Sources: Johnston, William 1917 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish agriculturalist and geologist of Ellon, Aberdeenshire. Factor on the Ellon estate for many years; later took the farm of Mains, Waterton. Appointed Fordyce Lecturer on agricultural research, University of Aberdeen, in 1862. Carried out notable researches on Scottish Quaternary geology and geomorphology. Became a fellow of the Geological Society of London in 1862. Sources: Geol. Mag 50 1913: 332–3 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,11
- Natural history agent , publisher and entomologist . Authority on British Coleoptera. Curator of the Entomological Society, 1850–63; librarian, 1863–74. Sources: Entomologist 24 1891: 252 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,10
- Naturalist . A founder of the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1841. Commissioner for the salmon fisheries of England and Wales, 1860. 7th baronet. FRS 1860. Sources: DNB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,5,6,7,8,11
- Conchologist , zoologist and lawyer . Solicitor in Swansea until 1856, when he was called to the bar and moved to London. Justice of the peace for Glamorgan, for Brecon, and for Hertfordshire. Deputy lieutenant, Hertfordshire; high sheriff, 1877. Treasurer of the Linnean Society of London and the Geological Society of London for many years. Conducted extensive deep-sea dredging researches. FRS 1840. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Austrian palaeontologist and geologist . Taught in various secondary schools between 1856 and 1870, then at teacher training colleges in Salzburg (1870–4) and Vienna (1874–83). In 1858, travelled to Upper Hungary as a representative of the Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna, to study the effects of the earthquake of 15 January 1858.01.15. Sources: OBL BLKO (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Engineer . Contributed to development of submarine cables. A critic of natural selection. FRS 1865. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Welsh invertebrate palaeontologist . Assistant secretary, Geological Society of London, 1862–8. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician . Professor of pathological anatomy at University College, London, 1849; Holme Professor of clinical medicine, 1860. Assistant, then full, physician to University College Hospital, 1849–76; consulting physician, 1879. Physician extraordinary to Queen Victoria, 1861; physician-in-ordinary, 1862. Established, through clinical studies, definitive evidence that typhus and typhoid were different diseases. FRS 1864. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Naturalist and clergyman . Brother-in-law of John Stevens Henslow. Vicar of Swaffham Bulbeck, Cambridgeshire, 1828–49. Settled near Bath in 1850. Founder and first president of the Bath Natural History and Antiquarian Field Club, 1855. Member of many scientific societies. Described the Beagle fish specimens. Adopted the name Blomefield in 1871. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Shakespeare scholar . Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil engineer and leading anti-vivisectionist . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister . Admitted Lincoln's Inn 1874 and called to the bar 1878. Later went to North Carolina and grew oranges. Author of several works in history. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Publishers with premises in Albemarle Street, London. Headed by John Murray. Published CD's works.
- Barrister and writer on gardening . Barrister, Gray's Inn, 1836. Professor of moral and political economy at the Hindoo college, Calcutta, 1839–42. Founded the Cottage Gardener (later Journal of Horticulture) in 1848. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,9,10
- Physician . A contemporary of CD's at Shrewsbury School and Edinburgh University. Senior physician, Shropshire Infirmary. Member of Royal College of Physicians of London, 1859. Founder member and honorary secretary of the Shropshire and North Wales Natural History and Antiquarian Society, 1835–77. Sources: Medical directory Salopian Shreds and Patches 5 1882: 2 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,10
- English civil and mining engineer . Worked on stratigraphy of south Staffordshire coal fields. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of Henry H. Johnson, physician.
- Poet and schoolmaster. BA, Cambridge (King's College), 1845; MA, 1849; fellow, King's College, Cambridge, 1845–72. Assistant master, Eton, 1845–72. Taught classics and later political economy, as well as writing two books of verse. Changed his surname to "Cory" in 1872. Lived in Madeira from 1878 to 1882, where he wrote on English history.Sources: Alum. Cantab. ODNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish physician , naturalist and author . Surgeon in Berwick, 1819–53. An editor of the Magazine of Zoology and Botany. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5
- British entomologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and chemist . Physician to St George's Hospital, 1846–62. Secretary of the Royal Institution from 1860. In his chemical studies, devoted himself especially to the application of chemistry to pathology and medicine. FRS 1846. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,12
- Military engineer . Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and palaeontologist . Assistant secretary, Geological Society, 1851–62; responsible for editing the Journal of the Geological Society. Lecturer on geology, Royal Military College, 1858; professor, 1862. Later professor of geology at the Staff College, Sandhurst; retired in 1880. President of the Geologists' Association, 1879–81. An authority on Phyllopoda, Ostracoda, and Foraminifera. FRS 1872. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,9,10
- Amateur archaeologist and clergyman . Rector of Strathfieldsaye, 1855–78. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist . Professor, Royal School of Mines from 1876. FRS 1877. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist , geomorphologist . Geological surveyor of Newfoundland, 1839–40. Naturalist aboard H.M.S. Fly in the survey of the north-east coast of Australia, 1842–6. Geologist with the Geological Survey of Great Britain working in North Wales, 1846–50. Director of the Irish branch of the Geological Survey, 1850–69. Lecturer on geology at the Royal College of Science, Dublin. President of the Geological Society of Dublin, 1853–4. FRS 1853. Sources: DNB DSB Q. Jnl Geol. Soc. London 26 1870: xxxii–xxxiv Record of the Royal Society of London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,12
- German physician and zoologist . Co-founder and director of the Vienna zoological garden, 1858–66. Professor of zoology and anthropology, Hohenheim Academy, from 1867; Stuttgart Polytechnic, from 1870. Taught physiology and histology at the Veterinary School, Stuttgart, from 1874. Co-editor of Kosmos, 1877–9. Returned to medical practice in 1884. Sources: DBE Freeman, R. B. 1978 NDB Weinreich, Heinrich 1993 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Philadephia surgeon . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Editor , journalist and geographer . Knighted 1918. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Manager of the gas-works in Galashiels. Amateur geologist. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5
- Daughter of Henry Allen Wedgwood, Emma Darwin's brother. Married William John Kempson in 1864. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mining engineer and economic geologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Fisheries inspector . Assistant in the natural history department of the British Museum. Later Inspector of Fisheries in Australia and President of the Royal Society of Queensland. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Author from Effingham, Illinois. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and author . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Novelist and poet . Born Mary Rosa Stuart Kettle, but adopted Mackenzie, the maiden name of her mother. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swedish pathologist . Friend and collaborator of M. G. Retzius. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American physician and naturalist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Norwegian novelist . Sources: NBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish geologist associated with Geological Survey. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German photographer . Provided CD with negatives of crying infants for Expression.
- Editor of the Autographic Mirror (L'autograph cosmopolite). Sources: Correspondence Vol. 13, letters from Hermann Kindt, 17 October 1865 and 23 October 1865 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Physician and botanist in India. Superintendent, Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, 1871. KCIE 1898. FRS 1887. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Australian farmer and mining company manager . Son of Phillip Parker King. Midshipman in H.M.S. Beagle, 1831–6. Settled in Australia in 1836. Entered the service of the Australian Agricultural Company in 1842; superintendent of stock, 1851. New South Wales manager for the Peel River Land and Mineral Company, 1852–81. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,7,10,11
- Naval officer and hydrographer . Commander of the Adventure, accompanying the Beagle, on the first surveying expedition to South America, 1826–30. Settled in Australia and became commissioner of the Australian Agricultural Company in 1834. Rear-admiral, 1855. FRS 1824. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,7,11
- Author and clergyman . Lecturer on English literature, Queen's College, London, 1848–9. Professor of modern history, Cambridge University, 1860–9. Rector of Eversley, Hampshire, 1844–75. Chaplain to the Queen, 1859–75. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,8,9,10,11
- Botanist . Librarian of the Linnean Society of London, 1842–80. Specialist in Australian plants. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Entomologist . Assistant at the Royal Dublin Society, 1867–79. Assistant in the zoological department of the British Museum, 1879. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- Son of Gustav Heinrich Kirchenpauer.
- schoolteacher and botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Austrian physician . Emigrated to England, 1871. Specialised in histology and bacteriology. FRS 1875. Sources: CDEL WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottishclergyman and writer.Minister of St Enoch's Church, Dundee, 1866–76. Professor of moral philosophy, St Andrews, 1876–1903. LLD. Glasgow, 1879.Sources: Fasti ecclesiae Scoticanae (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Architect and editor . Editor of Contemporary Review, 1870?; Nineteenth Century, 1877. KCVO 1903. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Army officer and ornithologist . An authority on falconry. Author of ornithological works. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Stuttgart publisher connected with E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung.
- Psychologist . Member of the Psychologischer Verein zu Dresden.
- German chemist . Worked for Lyon Playfair at the Royal School of Mines, London, 1845–7. Professor of chemistry, Marburg University, 1851; Leipzig University, 1865. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1877. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- German comparative anatomist with a strong interest in physical anthropology. Professor extraordinarius, Munich University, 1870–8; professor of anatomy, Basel University, 1878–1913. Sources: BLA DBE Royal Society catalogue of scientific papers (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Belgian palaeontologist . Professor of industrial chemistry, Liège, 1836–76. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Russian embryologist whose comparative studies of invertebrates gave important support to theory of evolution. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Russian mathematician . Wife of V. O. Kovalevsky. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Russian palaeontologist who conducted early research on the phylogeny of ungulates. Translated Variation into Russian. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Company manager . Superintendent of the Julius Robert diffusion process company, New Orleans, Louisiana. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Technician and engineer of Pardubice (East Bohemia).
- German botanist and science writer . Editor of Kosmos. Sources: DSB Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German naturalist and collector who travelled in South Africa, 1838–40. Joined the staff of the natural history museum in Stuttgart, 1840; director, 1856. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 Tabler, E. C. 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,5,6
- Australian zoologist . Sources: Aust. dict. biog. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss anatomist and physiologist . Professor of physiology and comparative anatomy, University of Würzburg, 1847–64; professor of anatomy, 1849–97. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1860. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,7,8,12
- Entomologist working in Russia. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish cleric , tutor , geologist and palaeontologist . Also interested in entomology, botany, meteorology, and astronomy. Vicar of Stokesay, Shropshire, 1855–99. Tutored the sons of Joseph Dalton Hooker, John William Colenso, and Friedrich Max Müller, and the nephews of Charles Lyell. Published A hand-book of the geology of Shropshire (1884). Sources: Geol. Mag n.s. 6 1899: 235–7 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- French invertebrate zoologist . Assistant to Henri Milne-Edwards. Professor of zoology in Lille, 1854–64; at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1856–9; at the faculty of sciences, Paris, from 1869. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Miner and industrialist in Coquimbo, Chile. Sources: Acevedo Moraga, Fernando 1987 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Arctic and African traveller . M.P. for Buteshire, Scotland, 1865–8. Fellow of the Geological Society of London. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Rugby School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9
- Welsh -born physician.Superintendent of Malden Lunatic Asylum, Amherstburg, Ontario, Canada;thereafter of the Asylum for the Insane, London, Ontario. (\IGI\ (accessed 1 March 2008); Linda G. Bunn, ed., \Amherstburg Echo: index to births, marriages, deaths\, Canada (1995); \Registration of deaths, 1869--1932\, Toronto, Archives of Ontario, roll: MS935_16, http://www.ancestry.com (accessed 4 March 2008).)Sources: IGI (accessed 1 March 2008) Linda G. Bunn, ed., Amherstburg Echo: index to births, marriages, deaths, Canada (1995) Registration of deaths, 1869--1932, Toronto, Archives of Ontario, roll: MS935_16, http://www.ancestry.com (accessed 4 March 2008) (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 17
- Physician . Proprietor of a hydropathic establishment at Moor Park, near Farnham, Surrey, 1859 (or before)?, and at Sudbrook Park, near Ham, Surrey, 1860–79. Practised in Harley Street, London, 1879–89. Member of the Faculty of Advocates, the Botanical Society, and the Speculative Society, Edinburgh. Author of works on hydropathy. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Medical directory 1859–89 Post office directory of the six home counties 1859–62 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,10,11
- Physician and President of the Southampton Medical Society. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Rector of Onibury, Shropshire, 1832–41. Left the Church of England in 1841. Resided at Maer, Staffordshire, 1841–7, and resided at Hartfield Grove, Hartfield, Sussex, 1847–63. Married Emma Darwin's sister, Charlotte Wedgwood, in 1832. After her death, married CD's sister, Emily Catherine Darwin, in 1863. Sources: Alum. Oxon. Emma Darwin 1915 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12
- Emma Darwin's sister. Married Charles Langton in 1832. Resided at Maer, Staffordshire, 1840–6, and resdied at Hartfield Grove, Hartfield, Sussex, 1847–62. Sources: Emma Darwin 1915 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- CD's sister. Married Charles Langton in 1863. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Son of Charles Langton and Charlotte Langton. B.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1864. Admitted at Lincoln's Inn, 1864. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Emma Darwin 1915 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,6,11,12
- Zoologist . Son of Edwin Lankester. Jodrell professor of zoology, University College, London, from 1874. FRS 1875. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon , physician , medical reformer , anatomist , botanist and popular author and lecturer . Founder and editor of the Journal of Social Science, 1865–74. Secretary for the biological section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1839–64; secretary of the Ray Society from 1844. President of the Microscopical Society of London, 1859. FRS 1845. Sources: DNB Medical directory 1845–75 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Nurseryman who raised new varieties of peas, beans, and strawberries. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Colonial administrator and Judge . Colonial official in Ceylon. Attended St John's College, Cambridge, 1829–30. Extra-assistant in the Colonial Secretary's Office, Ceylon, 1830. District judge of Galle, 1839–40, 1850–1; of Trincomalee, 1840–50. Government agent, Western Province, 1851–79. Member of the legislative council. Acting colonial secretary, 1877. Knighted, 1876. Sources: Modern English biography Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant , ornithologist . Served in the Ceylon civil service, 1846–54; in the Cape of Good Hope civil service, 1854–70. Studied the birds and shells of Ceylon. Founded the South African museum; curator, 1855–72. Published on the birds of South Africa (1867). Sources: DSAB Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,11
- Publisher's agent . London agent for D. Appleton and Company, New York.
- Army officer and agriculturalist . Colonel, Jersey Militia. President, Jersey Agricultural Society, 1834–9. Author of a well-known work on wheat (1836). FRS 1843. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,9
- Marine zoologist . Naturalist, Brighton Aquarium, 1872. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Antiquary and geologist . Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Sources: Belcher diary (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American botanist . Edited Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 1870–82. Sources: Taxonomic literature (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- German writer primarily concerned with Jewish subjects. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American anatomist , naturalist , and palaeontologist . Demonstrator of anatomy, Franklin Medical College, 1846. Visited Europe in 1848 and 1850. Professor of anatomy, University of Pennsylvania, 1853–91. President of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1881–91. Published extensively on the fossil remains of extinct vertebrates of North America. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,9,10,11
- Clergyman and academic . B.A., Oxford, 1828; Fellow of All Souls' College, 1829–43. Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University, 1866–70. Canon of Westminster, 1868–81. Sources: Alum. Oxon. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Botanist , clergyman and antiquary . Schoolfellow of CD's in Shrewsbury, 1817. Curate of St Giles's, Shrewsbury, 1846–8. Edited the Transactions of the Shropshire Archaeological Society for many years. Published The flora of Shropshire (1841). Sources: Clergy list 1846–8 Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,5,7,10,11
- German geologist . Extraordinary professor of mineralogy, Heidelberg University, 1853. Son of Karl Cäsar von Leonhard. Sources: ADB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Swiss-born bryologist and palaeontologist . Moved to the United States in 1848; after brief periods assisting Louis Agassiz and Asa Gray, settled in Columbus, Ohio, where he assisted the bryologist William Starling Sullivant. Employed on geological surveys in the mid-western United States and Pennsylvania. Engaged by Agassiz to organise the palaeobotanical collections at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 1867–72. Sources: DAB DSB Rodgers, A. D. 1968 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 Sarton, George 1942 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Zoologist . Professor of zoology, Turin. Translated four of CD's works into Italian. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer . Wrote articles on literary and philosophical subjects for the quarterly reviews. Editor, Fortnightly Review, 1865–6. Published on physiology and on the nervous system in the 1860s–1870s and 1870s. Common-law husband of Mary Ann Evans (George Eliot), with whom he lived from 1854. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,8,9,12
- Surgeon . House surgeon at St Mary's Hospital, London. MRCS 1868.
- American physician and naturalist . Studied medicine privately; taught in Georgia. Was for several years an Indian trader in the Choctaw country of central Mississippi. Practised medicine in Cotton Gin Port and Columbus, Mississippi, 1830–48. Settled in Texas in 1848. Studied the behaviour of agricultural ants. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9
- Botanist and horticulturalist . Assistant in Joseph Banks's library and herbarium, 1818 or 1819. Garden assistant secretary, Horticultural Society of London, 1822–7; general assistant secretary, 1827–41; vice-secretary, 1841–58; honorary secretary, 1858–62. Lecturer on botany, Apothecaries' Company, 1836–53. Professor of botany, London University (later University College, London), 1829–60. Horticultural editor of the Gardeners' Chronicle from 1841. FRS 1828. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Scottish industrialist . Vice-lieutenant of Forfarshire, 1856–60. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1880 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Swedish geologist who studied the Silurian. Translated Descent into Swedish in 1872. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swedish mechanical engineer and geologist . Sources: SBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Swedish bookseller and publisher .
- German ethnologist . Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- British surgeon noted for his research and experiments on antiseptics. Sources: DSB DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister and philanthropist . Married Henrietta Emma Darwin, 1871. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Possibly the owner of the house in which the Darwins stayed at Caerdon, Barmouth, North Wales. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Astronomer . Civil servant in the War Office, 1857–75; published papers on solar physics. Secretary to the Royal Commission on Scientific Instruction and the Advancement of Science, 1870–5; employee of the Science and Art Department at South Kensington from 1875?; first director of the Solar Physics Observatory, and professor of astronomical physics, Royal College of Science, South Kensington, 1890–1911. Established the journal Nature in 1869. Knighted, 1897. FRS 1869. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Physician and medical biographer . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist . Served the Geological Society from 1829 to 1842, first as curator and librarian, and after 1838–1842 as assistant secretary and librarian. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3
- Hungarian author . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American astronomer . Assistant, Nautical Almanac, 1850–1900. Sources: AMS (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Spanish zoologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Merchant in the City of London, and church warden of St Mary's, Down. Sources: Census returns 1861 PRO RG9/462: 73 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,12
- Swedish marine biologist . Travelled to Spitsbergen and northern Norway, 1836–7. Curator of the invertebrate section of the Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, 1841. Studied shell banks on the west coast of Sweden, providing evidence that an arctic sea had once covered much of the present Scandinavian land-mass. Sources: Catalogue of the library of the British Museum (Natural History) DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,10
- English Clergyman and botanist . chaplain in Madeira, 1832–54. Rector of Lea, Lincolnshire, 1854–74. Published a flora of Madeira (1857–72). Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,5,6,8,9,10
- Botanist and entomologist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of Peter Hordern, clergyman, of Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Lancashire. Married John Lubbock in 1856. Sources: Burke's peerage 1970 Census returns 1861 PRO RG9/462: 75 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Married John William Lubbock in 1833. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,6,7,9,10
- Astronomer , mathematician , and banker . A neighbour of CD's in Down. First vice-chancellor of London University, 1837–42. Partner in the family bank, 1825. Treasurer and vice-president of the Royal Society of London, 1830–5 and 1838–45. Succeeded to the baronetcy, as 3d baronet, in 1840. FRS 1829. Sources: DNB DSB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Banker , politician and naturalist . Son of John William Lubbock and a neighbour of CD's in Down until 1861, when he moved to Chislehurst, Kent, 1861. Studied entomology and anthropology. A partner in the family bank from 1849. Liberal M.P. for Maidstone, Kent, 1870? and 1874?; for London University, 1880–1900. Succeeded to the baronetcy in 1865. Created Baron Avebury, 1900. FRS 1858. Sources: DNB DSB Hutchinson, H. G. 1914 Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- John Lubbock's older sister. Married Robert Birkbeck in 1857. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1898 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Younger brother of John Lubbock. Sources: Burke's peerage 1970 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10
- German governess . Governess to the Darwin family, 1860–3. Translated German works for CD. Married Reginald Saint Pattrick, vicar of Sellinge, Kent (Alum. Oxon.) 1874. Sources: Darwin, C. R. Classed account books s13416 from R. S. Pattrick, 19 October 1881 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,12
- German botanist and teacher in the gymnasium at Greiz. Sources: Taxonomic literature (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German factory and saltworks inspector and geologist . Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- British merchant in Buenos Aires. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,4,5
- German archaeologist and ethnographer . Sources: Larousse XX (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Lawyer , judge , and supporter of positivism. Sources: Burke's peerage (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish geologist . Uniformitarian geologist whose Principles of geology (1830–3), Elements of geology (1838), and Antiquity of man (1863) appeared in many editions. Professor of geology, King's College, London, 1831. President of the Geological Society of London, 1835–6 and 1849–50; presidentof the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1864. Travelled widely and published accounts of his trips to the United States. CD's scientific mentor and friend. Knighted, 1848; created baronet, 1864. FRS 1826. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Daughter of Leonard Horner. Married Henry Lyell, brother of Charles Lyell, in 1848. Collected plants in India. Edited Life, letters and journals of Sir Charles Lyell (1881), andedited memoirs of Charles James Fox Bunbury and Leonard Horner. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Eldest child of Leonard Horner. Married Charles Lyell in 1832. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Gardener and botanist . Curator of the Botanic Garden, Cambridge, 1879–1919. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish geomorphologist . Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist , journalist . Established the Scotsman in 1817; editor from 1820 to c 1848. Author of geological and topographical works. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,6
- Naturalist and diplomat . Originated the circular or quinary system of classification. Diplomat in France and then Havana; retired in 1837. Emigrated to Sydney, Australia, in 1839, where he devoted himself to the study of Australian natural history. Made large collections of Australian insects and marine fauna, and supervised the cultivation of exotic plants in his private gardens. Trustee of the Australian Museum, 1841–62. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,7,10,12
- Astronomer . Chief assistant at the Royal Observatory, 1835–60. An active member of the Royal Astronomical Society. Appointed Radcliffe observer, Oxford, in 1860. FRS 1860. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Animal behaviourist . M.D., Edinburgh, 1845. Author of On expression in nature (1894). Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss zoologist and vertebrate palaeontologist who travelled in Madagascar and Italy. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon , Madras Medical Establishment. Of Forres, Scotland. Died in India while with the firm of Forbes and Co. of Bombay. A fellow of the Geological Society of London. FRS 1840. Sources: Gent. Mag n.s. 21 1844: 670 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Curate of Clayton, Sussex, 1854–8; curateof St George-the-Martyr, Canterbury, 1858–63; curateof Pattingham, Staffordshire, 1863–70. Vicar of Sheldwich, Kent, 1870–1906. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10
- Civil engineer and seismologist . Carried out many engineering projects in Ireland. Consulting engineer in London, 1861. FRS 1854. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4
- Swedish zoologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Italian physician and anthropologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , geologist and palaeontologist . Scientific lecturer and author. Made noted collections of invertebrate and dinosaur fossils. Secretary, Geological Society of London, 1841–2; vice-president, 1848–9. FRS 1825. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,8,11
- Geologist and naturalist . Emigrated to New Zealand, 1840. Made important studies of the Dinornis beds. Appointed Commissioner of Crown Lands, Otago, in 1851. Supported Maori claims for land. Entered politics in the late 1850s and was elected for Wallace in 1861. Member of the Legislative Council, 1866–95. Sources: DNZB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,5,6,9
- German anatomist and pathologist . Assistant at the Pathologisches Institut, University of Halle, 1876–79. Professor of pathological anatomy, University of Giessen, 1881. Professor of pathological anatomy, University of Marburg, 1883. Sources: NUC Pagel, Julius 1901 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- New York writer . Sources: WWWA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Administrator . Secretary, Society for the Preservation of Ancient Buildings.
- Vertebrate palaeontologist . Professor of palaeontology at Yale, 1866–99, and first vertebrate palaeontologist of the United States Geological Survey, 1882–92. Sources: DAB DSB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Novelist . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,11
- Zoologist and anatomist . Son of William P. Marshall. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- A cousin of W. C. Marshall.
- German zoologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Architect who planned an extension at Down. A friend and Cambridge contemporary of Horace Darwin. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Birmingham engineer and amateur naturalist . Father of Arthur Milnes Marshall.
- Botanist and solicitor of Ely, Cambridgeshire. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,12
- Landscape painter . Joined H.M.S. Beagle in Montevideo in 1833 and served as draughtsman until 1834. Settled in Australia in 1835. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. Bénézit, Emmanuel 1976 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,9,10
- Writer on natural history . Resided in Lee, Kent. Superintendent of the museum of the Zoological Society of London, 1830–8. Wrote works on domestic animals. Sources: DNB Gent. Mag 1 1864: 536 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,9,10
- Pharmaceutical chemist in London. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Italian author of work on pigeons. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French botanist . Qualified as a doctor in Paris in 1834. Professor of botany, Faculté de Montpellier, 1846. Also published on geology and meteorology. Sources: Dictionnaire universel des contemporains 1893 NBU (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German philosopher , political economist and revolutionary . Settled in London, 1849. Sources: DSB EB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Manufacturer and philanthropist . Founded the Scientific College (later the University of Birmingham) at Birmingham in 1880. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist and botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 P. Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Botanist , surgeon and general medical practitioner . Sub-curator, Fielding Herbarium, University of Oxford, circa 1853–7. Lecturer on botany at St George's Hospital medical school, 1855–68. Editor of the Gardeners' Chronicle, 1865–1907. Active in the Royal Horticultural Society, succeeding Joseph Dalton Hooker as the chair of the scientific committee; secretary of the International Horticultural Congress, 1866. FRS 1870. Sources: Clokie, H. N. 1964: 106, 208 Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB Medical directory 1857–1908 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Nurseryman in Canterbury. Founded the Canterbury Museum in 1823; honorary curator, 1823–46. Conducted hybridisation experiments on passion flowers. Designed the formal gardens at Walmer Castle. Father of Maxwell Tylden Masters. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,8,10,11
- Polish journalist , publisher and translator . Translator of the Polish edition of Descent, 1874. Sources: PSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman from 1837. B.A., Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1832. President of the Union, 1830. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Scottish gentleman farmer . Author of works on political and agricultural subjects. Advanced a theory of natural selection in the 1830s. Sources: Dempster, W. J. 1996: 2 Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,11,12
- Psychologist and physiologist . Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Tile manufacturer , geologist , botanist and antiquarian . Partner with his younger brother in the encaustic tile company, Maw & Co., of Brosley, Shropshire. Established a well-known garden at his residence at Benthall Hall, Shropshire; an expert on crocuses. Wrote on the geology of western England and North Wales. Travelled to Morocco and Algeria with Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1871 and independently in 1873, writing on the geology of these countries. Sources: Benthall, Paul 1980 Desmond, Ray 1994 Gard. Chron 1881.02.12: 205–6, 208, 209 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German-born orientalist and philologist . Published an edition of the Rigveda, the most important of the sacred books of the Brahmans, 1849–73. Moved to Paris in 1845; settled in Oxford in 1848 after fleeing the revolution in France. Deputy Taylorian Professor of modern European languages, Oxford University, 1850–4; professor, 1854–68; professor of comparative philology, 1868–75. Curator of the Bodleian Library, Oxford, 1856–63 and 1881–94. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10,11
- Massachusetts naturalist , taxidermist and collector , who travelled widely in the United States. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist who emigrated to Australia. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Liverpool merchant , yachtsman and naturalist . President of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Liverpool, 1856–7. Member of the dredging committee of the zoological section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1844. FRS 1853. x Sources: Proc. Lit. Phil. Soc. Liverpool 1856–7: 14–17 Rec. R. Soc. London Rehbock, P. F. 1979 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Barrister . A student of the Middle Temple. Called to the bar 1879.
- Physician and marine zoologist . Professor of natural history, St Andrews, 1882–1917. FRS 1877. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist who specialised in studying Neuroptera. FRS 1877. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish barrister and anthropologist . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish civil servant and antiquary . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon . Fellow, Royal College of Surgeons, 1845. Practised medicine in London and lectured on botany at St Bartholomew's Hospital. Succeeded to a surgical practice at Bradford in 1840. Wrote papers on entomology; studied Diptera and was an authority on the Muscidae. Sources: Ent. Mon. Mag 36 1899: 46–7 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Hungarian philosopher and educationalist . Professor extraordinarius of philosophy at the University of Budapest 1882, full professor 1886. Published several philosophical works under the pseudonym "Friedrich von Bärenbach"; also collaborated in a number of popular journals and magazines. President of the Ungarische philosophische Gesellschaft, 1912. Sources: OBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- English-born botanist , horticulturist and author . Gardener at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1845–8. Emigrated to the United States in 1848, where he worked as a gardener. Established a nursery in Germantown, Pennsylvania, c 1853. Editor, Gardener's Monthly, 1859–87; editor Meehan's Monthly, 1891–1901. Botanist on the Philadelphia state board of agriculture, 1877–1901. Elected to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1860; elected to the American Philosophical Society, 1871. Sources: Baker, H. G. 1965 DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Writer on political geography, agriculture, and statistics. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Chemist who developed synthetic dyes. Studied and published on mimetic Lepidoptera. Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naval officer . Midshipman and mate on H.M.S. Beagle, 1825–36. Served off the coast of Syria, then in command of H.M.S. Rattler in the Burma campaign in 1852. Served off the coast of China in the 1850s, suppressing piracy, and served in the Caribbean and South America before retiring in 1864. Sources: Modern English biography Times 1894.09.28: 4 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,10,11,12
- Of Favara, Sicily.
- Russian diplomat . Student at Dorpat.
- Italian homoeopathic physician .
- Homeopathic doctor Graduated from Illinois College, Jacksonville, 1853; Eclectic Medical School of Cincinnati. Worked for two years at United States Military Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, from 1863. Moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa in 1865. Sources: Cleve 1873 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 17
- American mammalian zoologist and ornithologist . Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Author . Born in Liverpool; lived in Shrewsbury, 1818–29; lived in Thorpe, near Norwich, 1829–42; thereafterlived in London 1842. Contributed fiction and social articles to numerous periodicals under the pen-name "Silverpen". Her novels include Struggles for fame (1845), Mainstone's housekeeper (1860), and Lady Herbert's gentlewoman (1862). Published a number of works about the Wedgwoods including a two-volume life of Josiah Wedgwood (1865–6), and The Wedgwood handbook (1875). Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Author and translator . Published German translation of CD's and A. R. Wallace's joint article "On the tendency of species to form varieties", J. Proc. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 3 (1859): 45–62, adding biographical and bibliographical information, 1870. Author of works on the peoples and natural history of the Philippines and Indonesia. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German publisher . Head of the publishing firm Bibliographisches Institut, 1856–84. Sources: NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Second wife of Jules Michelet.
- French historian . Passionately democratic and anti-clerical, he wrote on the history of France and on the French Revolution in a grand romantic style. Sources: Larousse XX (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Amateur microscopist who emigrated to New York in 1871.
- Clergyman and author of works on engraving and printing. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Missionary . Spent two years in Chile on behalf of the Church Missionary Society where he collected plants. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Scottish quarryman , poet , ecclesiastical journalist and geologist . Examined the stratigraphy of parts of Great Britain, in particular the Edinburgh district and the Hebrides. Author of popular works on geology. Sources: Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,9
- Mineralogist and crystallographer . Professor of mineralogy, Cambridge University, 1832–80. Foreign secretary, Royal Society of London, 1856–73; Royal Medallist, 1870. FRS 1838. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Chemists .
- French zoologist . Professor of hygiene and natural history, École centrale des arts et manufactures, 1832. Professor of entomology, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, 1841, with responsibility for the collections of crustaceans, myriapods, and arachnids as well as insects; professor of mammalogy, 1861. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1848. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8
- Scottish advocate and geologist . Studied earthquakes and the parallel roads of Glen Roy. Founder of the Scottish Meteorological Society. Sources: DNB s.v. Milne, Sir David (1763–1845)) Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,9,10
- Explorer and surveyor . Surveyor-general, New South Wales, 1828–55. Led four expeditions into the Australian interior. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,5
- Diplomat , civil servant and politician . Secretary to the Board of Works, 1874–86. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Comparative anatomist . He accepted evolution but not natural selection and was CD's most vigorous English critic. FRS 1869. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist and botanist . Wintered in Mentone, France, and studied the flora of the area. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Gard. Chron 1874: 723 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,12
- Austrian zoologist , palaeontologist and structural geologist . Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch physician and physiologist . General practitioner, Utrecht, 1845–7. Lecturer in physiology and anthropology, Heidelberg, 1847–54. Appointed professor of physiology, Zürich, 1856; professor of experimental physiology and physiological chemistry, Turin, 1861. Noted as an advocate of materialist philosophy. Sources: ADB BHGW DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- French naturalist and professor of medicine at the University of Lille. A specialist in animal parasites. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Canadian farmer , social reformer and author Educated at Christ's Hospital, London, 1834–42. Went to Palestine in 1853 and worked at a Jewish farm colony until 1857. Became acquainted with Holman Hunt and John Ruskin. Wrote a number of works on his interpretation on the biblical Book of Revelation. Lived in Canada and at times in the US and London. Sources: CDEL Lambert, R. S., [1947] DCB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician . Sources: BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Bookseller and geologist . Resident in Bath from 1853, from where he studied the stratigraphy of Somerset. His collection of fossils formed the basis of the geological museum of the Bath Royal Literary and Scientific Institute. Fellow of the Geological Society, 1854. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,8,10
- Botanist . Gardener at the Trinity College Botanic Garden, Dublin, 1835–8. Gardener at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1847. Emigrated to Sydney, Australia, in 1848. Toured the South Pacific on H.M.S. Havannah, 1850. Director of the Botanic Gardens, Sydney, 1848–96. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,10
- Scottish-born botanist . Curator, Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, Ireland, 1838. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dublin physician and public health worker who specialised in acute infectious diseases. Sources: IC Wellcome catalogue (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Gardener and botanist . Expert on British ferns and florists' plants. Curator of the Apothecaries Company's garden, Chelsea, from 1848. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Engineer and Honorary Treasurer of the Church of England Temperance Society. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist . Lived on the Isle of Wight until 1867, but made frequent visits to Ireland to study the flora. Published Cybele Hibernica (1866). In his zoological work, concentrated mainly on birds. Assistant curator, Dublin Natural History Museum, 1867–81; curator, 1881–7. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 Moffat, C. B. 1898 Natural Science 6 1895: 351 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,12
- American naturalist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American ethnographer who proposed an evolutionary theory of culture. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Liberal politician and man of letters . Created Viscount 1908. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss stratigrapher and archaeologist . Appointed professor of geology and mineralogy, Lausanne, in 1851. At one time, conservator of the Bern Archaeological Museum. Wrote on the Tertiary and Quaternary geology of Austria, Switzerland, and Denmark. Originator of the term "Quaternary". Sources: ADB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,9
- Geologist . Originally a pharmaceutical chemist in Kensington. Professor of geology, University College London, 1854–77. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,3,4,5,6,8
- United Statesentomologist.. Philadelphia, PA. Published studies of the hessian fly and the seventeen-year locust.Sources: BDWS (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Editor and publisher of Biblical works. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American invertebrate zoologist who worked for a time in Japan. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Agriculturist Editor of the Agricultural Gazette, 1844. Published many agricultural works. An active member of the Royal Agricultural Society. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Journalist and author of numerous books. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist on the Challenger expedition, 1872–6. FRS 1879. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss naturalist who translated several of CD's works into French. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician , barrister , M.P. and judge . Created Baron 1912. FRS 1884. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German-born explorer and botanist . Emigrated to Australia in 1847. Government botanist, Victoria, 1852. Botanist to the North West Australia Expedition, 1855–7. Director of the Botanical Gardens, Melbourne, 1857–73. President of the Australian Association for the Advancement of Science, 1890. FRS 1861. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,9,10
- Printer and journalist in India from 1850. Owner–manager, Times of India until 1880. Author of several works on Shakespeare. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Pharmaceutical chemist and amateur botanist . Chemist and druggist in Manchester until 1860/1, when he established R. Goodwin Mumbray's Pharmaceutical Laboratory in Richmond, Surrey. Life member of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain from 1847. Sources: Pharm. Jnl Trans 2d ser. 5 1863–4: xxx Pharm. Jnl Pharm 4th ser. 36 1913: 499 Post Office directory of Lancashire, Liverpool, and Manchester 1858 Post office directory of the six home counties 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Schoolteacher . Master of the free school for boys in Down. Copyist for CD. Sources: Post office directory of the six home counties 1851 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7
- Geologist and army officer . Served in the British army, 1807–14. Noted for his work on the Silurian system. President of the Geological Society of London, 1831–3 and 1841–3; president of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1846; president of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843–58. Director-general of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1855. Knighted, 1846; created baronet, 1866. FRS 1826. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Pathologist . Naturalist and medical officer on expedition to meet J. H. Speke and J. A. Grant on the White Nile, 1861–3. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Belfast manufacturer – merchant , poet and author of works on natural theology. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Lawyer , entomologist and botanist . Practised law in Edinburgh until 1860. Assistant secretary to the Royal Horticultural Society, 1860–5. An expert on insects harmful to crops. In entomology, specialised in the Coleoptera; in botany, specialised in the Coniferae. Sources: Ent. Mon. Mag 14 1878: 215–16 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 Proc. R. Hort. Soc 5 1865: 1 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Diplomatist and author . Travelled in North America, 1834–5, and wrote an account (1839) that went through three editions. Consul-general in Egypt, 1846–53. Envoy and minister plenipotentiary to the Court of Persia, 1854–9. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Publisher and author of guidebooks . CD's publisher from 1845. Sources: DNB Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Son of John Murray the publisher.
- Argentinian physician , politician , and vertebrate palaeontologist . Professor of the medical faculty, Buenos Aires University, 1848. Sources: HDA Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- German zoologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss entomologist . Director of zoological garden in Basel, 1874. Published chiefly on gall insects. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 Sarasin 1924 letter from H. G. Stehlin to the head librarian of the University Library, Basel, 1923.10.24 (Basel) (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist and entomologist . Schoolteacher in Schwerin, 1854–5. Studied blind cave insects in Krain, 1855. Teacher of natural sciences at the Realschule in Lippstadt, 1855–83; professor, 1883. After settling in Lippstadt, studied the local flora, in particular the mosses. CD's Orchids directed Müller's attention to the pollination and fertilisation of flowers, on which he published several papers and books. Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 Science 2 1883: 487–8 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- German naturalist . Studied mathematics and natural history, and then medicine, before emigrating to the German colony in Blumenau, Brazil, in 1852. Taught science at a school in Desterro (now Florianópolis), 1856–67. Appointed Naturalista Viajante of the National Museum, Rio de Janeiro, 1876–92. His anatomical studies on invertebrates and work on mimicry provided important support for CD's theories. Sources: ADB DBE Möller, Alfred 1915–21 NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- German comparative anatomist , physiologist and zoologist . Became professor of anatomy and physiology at Berlin University in 1833. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1840. Sources: ADB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8
- Lawyer and author . Neighbour of CD who emigrated to Oregon in 1879. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist . Lived and taught in Peru, 1862–80. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French botanist . Joined the herbarium staff at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle and became professor of zoology at the Collège Chaptal, Paris, in 1846. Resigned almost immediately owing to a severe nervous disorder. Appointed aide-naturaliste at the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, 1854. Established a private experimental garden at Collioure in 1869, earning his living by selling seeds and specimens. First director of the state-run experimental garden at Antibes, 1878. Experimented widely on plants, particularly on acclimatisation and hybridity. Published a theory of transmutation based on hybridisation. Sources: DSB Taxonomic literature (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Austrian economist and statistician . Sources: OBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German geologist . Professor of palaeontology in Vienna from 1873. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of Horatio Walpole, third earl of Orford; married Reginald Henry Nevill in 1847. Developed a notable garden at Dangstein, near Petersfield, Hampshire, where she cultivated orchids, pitcher plants, and other tropical plants; employed thirty-four gardeners. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,12
- Superintendent of mental home . Horticulturist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist . Founder of the Entomological Club, the precursor of the Entomological Society, 1826. Natural history editor of the Field, 1858–76. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,5,7,9,10
- Army officer and landowner . Joined the South Gloucestershire Militia in 1814; captain, 1820; lieutenant-colonel commandant, 1854–60. Succeeded to his father's estates at Thornbury Park, Gloucestershire, in 1829. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1871 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10
- Naturalist and surgeon . Practised medicine in London, 1837–47. President of the Entomological Society, 1844–5. Received a pension in 1847, after which he devoted himself to natural history. FRS 1846. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6
- Zoologist and ornithologist . Travelled extensively throughout northern Europe and North America on ornithological expeditions, 1854–63. Professor of zoology and comparative anatomy, Cambridge University, 1866–1907. FRS 1870. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11,12
- Administrator . Clerk and resident officer of the Geological Society, 1839–60. In his private capacity he was a popular society entertainer. Sources: Woodward, H. B. 1907 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Surgeon in the Royal Artillery. Served in India. Sources: Johnston, William 1917 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Asylum superintendent of the Sussex lunatic asylum.
- Author of popular zoology books. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Natural historian . Professor of natural history, Lund, 1831. Sources: NBU SMK (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- American physicist . Professor at Washington University, 1874. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German zoologist . Professor extraordinarius, University of Leipzig, 1874–6. Professor of zoology, Königlich Sächsiche Forstakademie Tharandt, near Dresden, 1876–1902. Sources: Zool. Garten 44 1903: 63 Tharandt. Forst. Jbuch 52 1902: 326–7 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Manchester public health reformer and lecturer in hygiene at Owens College, Manchester. Sources: Alum. Cantab. WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Administrator . Secretary to the Yorkshire Philosophical Society.
- German philosopher , man of letters and pedagogue . Taught at the Gymnasium in Mainz, 1855–87, with the title of professor (1874). Critic of CD from the perspective of a Spinozist monism. Published a number of monographs on pedagogy, the origin of language, the history of philosophy, and Kantian philosophy. Sources: Beamt. Hess. Darmstadt Haupt, Hermann 1927 NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swedish geographer , Arctic explorer and historian of cartography . Headed the Vega expedition, which found a northeast passage to the Orient, 1878–9. Sources: DSB SBL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American journalist . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer on birds . Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Marine zoologist and clergyman . Canon of Durham Cathedral. FRS 1890. Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- schoolteacher in Down whom CD employed as a copyist. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,9
- Writer on finance . Merchant in the Norway timber trade, 1810–30. A director of the Bank of England, 1821–72. Exchequer bill commissioner, 1831; public works loan commissioner, 1842–76. A director of the Sun Insurance Office, 1830–64. A founder member of the Political Economy club, 1821. Succeeded to his father's estate at the Rookery, Bromley Common, Kent, in 1830. A family friend of the Darwins. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1965 DNB Freeman, R. B. 1978 Post office directory of the six home counties 1859 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,7,8,10
- Barrister . Son of Henry Norman of Oakley, Kent; nephew of George Warde Norman. B.A., Christ Church, Oxford, 1859. Entered Lincoln's Inn, London, 1860. Called to the bar, 1863. Sources: Alum. Oxon. Filmer, J. L. 1977 Foster, Joseph 1885 Post office directory of the six home counties 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- American editor , author , and teacher . Began his working life in the importing business, but after 1855 entered a literary career. As well as writing and editing books, he contributed to the Atlantic Monthly and for a time co-edited the North American Review. Taught history of art and literature at Harvard University, 1873–97. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Wife of Charles Eliot Norton and sister of Sara Sedgwick Darwin.
- Swiss botanist . Maintained a teleological view of evolution. Originally studied medicine, but transferred to botany under Alphonse de Candolle at Geneva. Spent eighteen months with Matthais Jacob Schleiden at the University of Jena, then worked in Zürich, where he collaborated with Carl Cramer, 1845–52. Professor of botany, University of Freiburg, 1852; professor of botany, University of Munich, 1857. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Physician and naturalist . Superintendent of Statistics to the Registrar-General. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Times 1912.04.15: 9 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Academic . Provost, King's College, Cambridge, 1850–88. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Publisher in Munich. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon and author . Assistant surgeon in the Bengal Army. Surgeon to the British Residency in Nepal, 1850–63. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Botanist . Assistant in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1858; librarian, 1860–90; keeper, 1864–90. Professor of botany, University College, London, 1861–88. FRS 1863. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 London Linn Soc list 1859–91 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,11,12
- Sheep farmer .
- French palaeontologist who travelled widely in South America, 1826–34. Professor of palaeontology, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, 1853. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,8
- American zoologist , clergyman , and explorer who made three trips to South America. Professor of natural history, Vassar College, 1869–77. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant and public servant . Son of William Mostyn Owen of Woodhouse. Attended Shrewsbury School, 1827–8, and the East India Company College, Haileybury, 1829–31. Served in the Indian Civil Service, 1832–48. High sheriff of Shropshire, 1876. Sources: Modern English biography Shrewsbury School register (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Army officer . Son of William Mostyn Owen of Woodhouse. B.A., Trinity College, Oxford, 1842. Served in South Africa during the Kaffir War of 1845–7. Chief constable of Oxfordshire, 1877–88. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2
- Second daughter of William Mostyn Owen of Woodhouse. Married Robert Myddelton Biddulph in 1832. A close friend and neighbour of CD before the Beagle voyage. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Daughter of Marianne Parker. CD's niece. Married Edward Mostyn Owen, 1866. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Comparative anatomist . Assistant conservator of the Hunterian Museum, Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1827; Hunterian Professor of comparative anatomy and physiology, 1836–56. Superintendent of the natural history departments, British Museum, 1856–84; prime mover in establishing the Natural History Museum, South Kensington, in 1881. President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1858. Described the Beagle fossil mammal specimens. Knighted, 1884. FRS 1834. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Eldest daughter of William Mostyn Owen of Woodhouse. Married first Edward Hosier Williams (d. 1844) in 1831 and secondly Thomas Chandler Haliburton in 1856. A close friend and neighbour of CD before the Beagle voyage. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1952 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Civil servant . Only son of Richard Owen. Held appointment in the Foreign Office. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Author of satiric verse and parodies , and orchid fancier . Son of Henry Oxenden, seventh baronet. Lived at the family seat at Broome Park, near Canterbury, Kent. Sources: Alum. Cantab. BLC Burke's peerage 1895 Correspondence Vol. 10 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10,11,12
- American zoologist and entomologist . A founder of the American Naturalist, 1867, and editor-in-chief, 1867–87. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon . Assistant surgeon at St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1847; surgeon, 1861–71. Arris and Gale Professor of anatomy and surgery at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1847–52. Lectured on physiology in the medical school, St Bartholomew's Hospital, 1859–61; lectured on surgery, 1865–9. Appointed surgeon-extraordinary to Queen Victoria, 1858; serjeant-surgeon, 1877. Created baronet, 1871. FRS 1851. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,9,10,11,12
- See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Botanist , bookseller and publisher . Son of the nurseryman, William Pamplin (1768–1844; Desmond, Ray 1994); assisted his father until 1839. Botanical bookseller in Soho, London, 1839–62. Retired to Wales and tried to establish the North Wales Central Botanic Gardens. Published the Phytologist, 1855–63. Associate of the Linnean Society, 1830. Member of the Botanical Society of London. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,10
- Naturalist and gardener . His interest in botany and entomology intensified during an enforced stay in the Cape Colony following a shipwreck. Became gardener to John Milford, Exeter, in 1848. Curator to the Archaeological and Natural History Society of Somerset, 1859–61. Librarian to the Devon and Exeter Institute, 1861–93. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- British diplomat . Chargé d'affaires in Buenos Aires, 1825–32. Chief commissioner in Naples, 1840–5. FRS 1824. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3
- Clergyman . CD's nephew. Fourth son of Henry and Marianne Parker. B.A., University College, Oxford, 1850; M.A., 1857. Vicar of Ford parish, 1863–70, followed by three additional appointments from 1870 until 1883. Sources: Alum. Oxon. Crockford's 1886 Darwin pedigree Shrewsbury Chronicle 1905.11.24: 5 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,12
- Solicitor in Chester. Third son of Henry and Marianne Parker. CD's nephew. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4
- Publisher and printer . Became manager of the printing business of William Clowes the elder (1779–1847). Appointed superintendent of the Cambridge University Press, 1829. Established his own premises in 1832, and was appointed publisher to the Christian Knowledge Society. Printer to the University of Cambridge, 1836–54. His eldest son, John William Parker (b. 1820), entered the business in 1843 but died in 1860. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,8
- CD's oldest sister. Married Henry Parker in 1824. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,5,6,7,10,11
- Physician and comparative anatomist . FRS 1865. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and author of works on tropical diseases . Served as assistant surgeon in India, 1842–5. Special professor of clinical medicine at University College, London, and physician to the University College Hospital, 1849. Professor of hygiene at the Army Medical School at Chatham, 1860. FRS 1861. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,10,11
- Anatomist and anthropologist . Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist and merchant in Belfast. Author of zoological works. A founder of the Natural History Society of Belfast, 1821; served as its president for many years. An active member of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. FRS 1859. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,8
- Married Camilla Ludwig, governess at Down House.
- Nurseryman who specialised in roses. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- English-born engraver and illustrator who lived in Leipzig. Sources: Bénézit, Emmanuel 1976 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant , geologist and marine zoologist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician . Tutor in mathematics at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1823–39. Lowndean Professor of astronomy and geometry, Cambridge University, 1837–58. Dean of Ely, 1839–58. FRS 1818. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,12
- Botanist . President, Worcestershire Field Club. FLS 1876. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Nurseryman from Chilwell, Nottingham. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Barrister who kept prize Lonk sheep on his estate near Clitheroe. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematical tutor and geologist . An expert on the geology of Devon; explored the plant-bearing deposits at Bovey Tracey, and at Brixham Cave and Kent's Hole, Torquay. Honorary secretary of the Torquay Natural History Society, 1851–90. President of the Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Literature, Science, and Art, 1867–8. FRS 1863. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,8,9,10,11
- American lawyer , judge , and politician . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist and plant physiologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Poet . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist . Professor of botany, Heidelberg. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German physiologist . Professor at Bonn, 1859. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist and geologist . Professor at the Cassel Technical College, 1835. Published on the Mollusca of Sicily in 1836. Left Germany for political reasons and settled in Chile in 1851. Professor of botany and zoology, University of Santiago, Chile, 1853. Sources: DHC Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Geologist . Keeper of the museum of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society, 1825–40. Assistant secretary, British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1832–62. Professor of geology, King's College, London, 1834–40. Palaeontologist to the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1840–4. Deputy reader in geology, Oxford University, 1853; professor, 1860–74. FRS 1834. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12
- American physician and naturalist . Curator of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 1833–7. Chief zoologist to the United States Exploring Expedition, 1838–42. Published on the geographical distribution of plants and animals. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,9
- Swiss zoologist and palaeontologist . Professor of zoology, University of Geneva, 1835. Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,8,10,11,12
- German physician interested in physiognomy. Sources: NUC, DBE (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician known for his administrative talents. Registrar, Royal College of Physicians, 1858–89. Knighted 1883. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Brother of Sir Isaac Pitman [DNB] inventor of an improved system of shorthand.
- German writer on Jews and Judaism. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Statesman and chemist . Chemist to the Geological Survey of Great Britain and professor of chemistry at the School of Mines, 1845. Secretary at the Department of Science and Art, 1853–8. President of the Chemical Society, 1857–9. Professor of chemistry, Edinburgh University, 1858–69. Liberal M.P. for the Universities of Edinburgh and St Andrews, 1868–85; M.P. for South Leeds, 1885–92. Postmaster-general, 1873?; chairman and deputy speaker of the House of Commons, 1880–3. Knighted, 1883; created Baron Playfair, 1892. FRS 1848. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Author of religious pamphlets.
- Mycologist and rural physician . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Engineer musician authority on whist Professor of engineering, Elphinstone College, Bombay, 1844–7. Worked on various engineering projects in Europe and Algeria. Professor of engineering, University College, London, 1859–67. Served on a number of committees and commissions of enquiry. Published widely, including in the popular press. Played the organ, organised concerts, and published on music; took a music doctorate at Oxford in 1867. Played and published on whist. FRS 1861. Sources: ODNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12, 16
- Publisher in Turin. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Army officer . Entered the East India Company's service in 1820. Served in the first regiment light cavalry of the Bombay Military Establishment. Retired with the rank of lieutenant-colonel in 1850. Sources: East-India register and army list 1853 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,9
- Austrian author who published works in political economy and aeronautics. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and writer on optics and theological topics ; active in university reform. Vicar of Plumstead, Kent, 1821–7. Savilian Professor of geometry at Oxford University, 1827–60. Author of an article on the study of the evidences of Christianity in Essays and reviews (1860). FRS 1824. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,8,9,11
- Writer on theosophy . Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of William Henry Smyth. Married Baden Powell, becoming his second wife, in 1846. Sources: DNB s.v. Powell, Baden (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- French gynaecologist and anthropologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Telegraphic engineer . Sources: BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and businessman . Entered the family wine business in London in 1830?; became proprietor in 1842. Professor of geology, Oxford University, 1874–88. President of the Geological Society of London, 1870–2. An expert on the Tertiary geology of Europe. Prominent in studies of human prehistory. Knighted, 1896. FRS 1853. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German physiologist and advocate of Darwinism. Born in England, where his father was a merchant. Emigrated with his family to Germany in 1855. Professor of physiology, Jena, 1869–88. Sources: ODNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scholar , schoolteacher and naturalist . Educated at Shrewsbury School, 1818–22, and St John's College, Cambridge. Assistant master, Shrewsbury, 1826–7. Headmaster of the junior department at Bristol College, then classics principal at the Liverpool High School, before settling in Chester. A founding member of the Chester Natural Science Society. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Eagle 15 1888: 169–72 Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,4,5,7,10,11
- ? Assistant to John Gould from 1830. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Physician and botanist . Collected plants from around the world. Took the name Prior in 1859. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,5
- Clergyman and astronomer . Headmaster of Clapham Grammar School, 1834–62, where he established an observatory. Hulsean Lecturer, Cambridge University, 1867. Savilian Professor of astronomy, Oxford University, 1870–93. President of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1886. FRS 1840. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,10,11
- See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Blackheath physician and clinician . Sources: IC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American anthropologist . Curator of the Peabody Museum, Harvard, 1874–91. Curator, American Museum of Natural History, 1894. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , with interest in physiology, specialising in skin diseases. FRS 1886. Sources: Physicians (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French zoologist and anthropologist . Doctorate in the physical sciences, University of Strasbourg, 1830; doctorate in medicine, 1832. Founded Journal de médicine et de chirurgie de Toulouse, 1836. Moved to Paris and took a doctorate in the natural sciences, 1840. Professor of natural history at the Lycée Henri IV, Paris, 1850; professor of the natural history of man, Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, 1855. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1879. Sources: DSB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Histologist and microscopist . Appointed assistant conservator of the Hunterian Museum in 1843; conservator, 1856. Appointed demonstrator of minute anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons, in 1844, his title being changed to professor of histology in 1852. President, Microscopical Society of London, 1860–1. FRS 1860. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,7,9
- Belgian statistician . Astronomer , Brussels Royal Observatory, 1828–74. Secretary, Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres, Brussels, 1834–74. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1839. Sources: BNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- ? An admirer of CD from Münster. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Serbian translator . Translated Origin into Serbian.
- Father of CD's Serbian translator.
- Arctic explorer . Surgeon with the Hudson's Bay Company. Obtained proof of the death of John Franklin, 1854. FRS 1880. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Surgeon and botanist . Resided in Penzance, Cornwall, 1837–90, where he pursued his botanical researches. After losing his fortune, he was provided with an annuity from a relief fund set up by Thomas Henry Huxley and Joseph Dalton Hooker in 1858. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Librarian , writer and expert on Russia . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist . Appointed to the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1841; senior director for England and Wales, 1862; director-general, 1871–81. Professor of geology, University College, London, 1847–52; lecturer on geology at the Royal School of Mines, 1852–71. President of the Geological Society of London, 1862–4. Knighted, 1881. FRS 1862. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- See also Correspondence, volume(s): 17
- Quarry operator in France.
- Quaker poet who lived in Philadelphia. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Inventor of an artificial sandstone . The material was used for building in Britain and in the colonies. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,11,12
- Chemist and druggist in Ipswich. Secretary of the Ipswich Museum until 1852. Sources: Post Office directory of Cambridge, Norfolk, and Suffolk 1853 Russell-Gebbett, Jean 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Botanist and schoolteacher in California. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Ordained deacon, 1841; priest, 1842. Curate, Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, 1841–3; perpetual curate, Trinity Church, Bromley, Kent, 1843–82. Cultivated orchids and florists' flowers, particularly pelargoniums. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Journalist in Manchester. Author of numerous popular tracts.
- Civil engineer and geologist . Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer and traveller . Travelled extensively in West Africa. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German author of mathematical and philosophical works. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Meteorologist . Advocated improvements in steamboat navigation and railway construction. First president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1848. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,7
- Anglican clergyman . Curate of Hayes, Kent, 1837–9; curate of Tingewick, Buckinghamshire, 1839–54. Rector of Hayes, 1854–86. Tutor to George Howard, Francis, Leonard, and Horace Darwin. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,8,10,11,12
- Zoologist who travelled in Newfoundland. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mineralogist . Worked in the laboratory of the Museum of Economic Geology, London, in 1840. Registrant of the School of Mines, London, 1851–79. Curator and librarian of the Jermyn Street institution, London, 1851–99. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,7,8,10
- Publishing company founded by Lovell Augustus Reeve. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4
- Conchologist , publisher and bookseller . Set up a shop in King William Street, Strand, for the sale of natural history specimens and the publication of conchological works; moved to Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, in 1848. Editor and proprietor of the Literary Gazette, 1850–6. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- French physician and radical journalist who participated in the Paris Commune. Sources: IC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French publisher specialising in foreign translations; brought out French editions of 11 of CD's books. Sources: Larousse XX (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- London photographer . Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German diplomat . Consular Secretary in Messina.
- Naturalist . Secretary of the Imperial Society of Naturalists, Moscow. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Author of The logic of style (1874). Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swedish zoologist and anatomist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German horticulturist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Journalist . Editor of the North American Review from 1876. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Solicitor , author and antiquary . Honorary Fellow, Caius College, Cambridge. Left nearly all of his property to CD's heirs. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , author and public health reformer . FRS 1867. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Arctic explorer and naturalist . After serving as assistant surgeon and surgeon on various of His Majesty's ships, acted as surgeon and naturalist on John Franklin's polar expeditions, 1819–22; 1825–7. Surgeon to Chatham division of marines, 1824–38. Appointed physician to the Royal Hospital, Haslar, in 1838. Conducted search expedition for John Franklin, 1847–9. Retired to Grasmere where he accomplished much literary work. FRS 1825. Knighted, 1846. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
- Botanist interested in plant geography and economic botany. Helped introduce rubber plants into Malaya. FRS 1904. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch writer and traveller in the East Indies. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American entomologist . Sources: DAB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Nurseryman . Succeeded to the family business in Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, in 1827. Specialised in the cultivation of roses and fruit. Author of works on rose and fruit culture; contributed extensively to gardening journals. A founder of the British Pomological Society, 1854. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Zoological artist known for his animal paintings. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Horticulturist .
- Physician and medical researcher . Knighted 1885. FRS 1877. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Philosopher . Professor at University College, London, 1866. Editor of Mind, 1876. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Nurseryman . Manager, Peter Lawson and Son, Edinburgh. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Natural historian . Resident of Mauritius. Active member of the Natural History Society of Mauritius. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Clergyman and architectural historian . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . Curate at Down for a brief time. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish-born gardener and writer . Under-gardener at the Royal Botanic Society, Regent's Park, 1861–3; foreman of the herbaceous department, 1863–7. Travelled in France, 1867–8, and North America, 1870. Promoted the use of perennials. Founded the Garden, 1871, and Gardening Illustrated, 1879. Sources: Allan, Mea 1982 Desmond, Ray 1994 Gard. Chron 1935: 323–4 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Clergyman and orientalist . Friend and contemporary of CD's at Cambridge. Rector of St Peter's, Saffron Hill, London, 1836–43; rector of St Ethelburga's, Bishopsgate, 1843–1900. Commenced oriental studies as a young man. Published an English version of the Koran in 1861. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,8
- Zoologist . Editor of the Naturalist. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Family friend An acquaintance of Francis Darwin?
- Barrister . Resided at River Hill House, Sevenoaks Weald, Kent. Keen orchid grower; supplied CD with information on orchids. FRS 1839. Sources: Modern English biography Orchids: 236 n Post office directory of the six home counties 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- German traveller . Travelled extensively in Africa, 1862–79. Sources: DBE (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Sources: ADB Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Statesman and jurist . Whig M.P. for Penryn and Falmouth, 1832–9. Solicitor-general, 1834 and 1835–9. Created Baron Cranworth of Cranworth, 1850. Lord justice of appeal, 1851–2. Lord Chancellor, 1852–8 and 1865–6. Holwood Park, his country residence, was a mile and a half north of Down House. Sources: DNB Dod Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German geologist , palaeontologist and natural history dealer . Assistant at the Kaiserlich-königliche Hofmineralien-Cabinett, Vienna, 1857–9; associate, 1859–62. Returned to Bad Homburg in 1862. Author of Ch. Darwin's Lehre von der Entstehung der Arten und ihre Anwendung auf die Schöpfungsgeschichte (1863). Sources: ADB BLKO Martin, G. P. R. and Uschmann, Georg 1969 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- Physician and anatomist . Physician to the British Civil Hospital at Smyrna (Izmir), Turkey, 1855–6, during the Crimean War. Physician to Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, and Lee's Reader in anatomy at Christ Church, Oxford, 1857. Linacre Professor of anatomy and physiology, Oxford University, 1860–81. FRS 1862. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Zoologist with strong interest in comparative physiology and psychology. Devoted follower of CD. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician in Swaffham, Norfolk. Studied Norfolk geology and made a collection of Norfolk fossils. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Naval officer and polar explorer . Joined the navy in 1812. Discovered the northern magnetic pole in 1831. Employed on the magnetic survey of the United Kingdom, 1838. Commander of an expedition to the Antarctic, 1839–43; and of a search expedition for John Franklin (DNB), 1848–9. Knighted, 1843. FRS 1828. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,12
- Physician and neurologist . Later noted for work in neurology. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American physician , botanist , and forester . In 1860, entered the Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard University, where he was a student of, and an assistant to, Asa Gray. Enlisted in the 131st Pennsylvania Infantry in 1862; commissioned captain in the 20th Pennsylvania Cavalry in 1863; honourably discharged, 1864. Professor of botany, Pennsylvania State Agricultural College, 1867. Botanist and surgeon to the government survey in Colorado, New Mexico, and California, 1873. Professor of botany, University of Pennsylvania, 1877–1904. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Medical student from Montpellier. Member of Association Française pour l'Avancement des Sciences.
- Clergyman and tutor . Vicar of Southwold, Suffolk, 1867–70; rector, Woodbridge, Suffolk, 1870–87. Engaged as tutor to Horace Darwin, 1868. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Correspondence (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French author and economist . Studied natural science and philosophy in Switzerland. In Lausanne in 1859, founded a course on logic aimed at women. Translated Origin into French in 1862. Sources: Dictionnaire universel des contemporains 1893 Harvey, Joy 1997 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Surgeon and naturalist in the service of the East India Company. Superintendent of the botanic garden in Saharanpur, India, 1823–31. Professor of materia medica, King's College, London, 1837. In charge of the East India House correspondence relating to vegetable productions, 1838. A founder of the Philosophical Club of the Royal Society, 1847. FRS 1837. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,5,6,7,8
- Father of Amy Richenda Darwin. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Née Matthews; married Lawrence Ruck in 1859. Lived at Pantlludw, near Machynlleth, Wales. Mother of Amy Richenda Ruck, who married Francis Darwin in 1874.Sources: BMD (Death index, Marriage index) Darwin pedigree ODNB s.v. Ruck, Amy Roberta (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Australia Pastoralist , explorer and historian in . Emigrated from England in 1840. Settled at Cecil Plains on the Darling Downs with his brother, Sydenham Russell, 1841–9. Settled in Brisbane, 1850; in Sydney, 1859. Served on the Legislative Council of New South Wales, 1853–5. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Statesman . Liberal prime minister, 1846–52 and 1865–6. Home secretary, 1835–9; secretary of state for foreign affairs, 1852–3; secretary of state for the colonies, 1839 and 1855. Foreign secretary under Viscount Palmerston, 1859–65. Created Earl Russell of Kingston Russell, 1861. In later life, occupied with literary work. President of the Royal Historical Society, 1872. FRS 1847. Sources: DNB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Entomologist . Editor of the Zoological Record and frequent contributor to the Field.
- French naturalist and museum director. Completed a degree in natural science, Lyon, 1876. Travelled in South America for the museum of Lyon, 1877--8. Teacher, agricultural school, Ecully, 1880–2; Société d'ensignement professionnel du Rhône, 1881–5. Director, natural history museum of Grenoble, 1887–1919.Sources: (Personal communication from the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Grenoble.) (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss palaeozoologist and geographer . Professor of zoology and comparative anatomy, University of Basel, 1855?; rector, 1865; professor in the medical and philosophical faculties, 1874–93. Made important contributions to the natural history and evolutionary palaeontology of ungulate mammals. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Scientific translator . Married Edward Sabine (1788–1883) in 1826. Assisted her husband in his literary work. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,8,12
- Astronomer , geophysicist , and army officer . Entered the army in 1803; major-general, 1856; general, 1870. Astronomer to expeditions in search of a north-west passage, 1818 and 1819–20. Appointed one of three scientific advisers to the Admiralty, 1828. General secretary of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1839–52 and 1853–9. Foreign secretary of the Royal Society of London, 1845; treasurer, 1850; president, 1861–71. Knighted, 1869. FRS 1818. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12
- German experimental botanist and plant physiologist . Professor of botany, Würzburg, 1868–97. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist from Lyon. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Banker . ?Son of London banker John Stevenson Salt.
- Solicitor . Partner in the Shrewsbury law firm of Salt and Sons. Sources: Law list 1864 Post Office directory of Gloucestershire, with Bath, Bristol, Hereforshire, and Shropshire 1863 and 1870 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,3,4,5,8,12
- Geologist and palaeontologist . Apprenticed to James de Carle Sowerby in 1835. Assistant to Adam Sedgwick, 1842–6. Assistant to Edward Forbes on the Geological Survey of Great Britain, 1846; palaeontologist to the survey, 1854–63, where his duties included the preparation of specimens for exhibition in the Museum of Practical Geology. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,8,9
- Surgeon. House surgeon and physician, King's College Hospital; dental surgeon. Amateur botanist. FLS 1853, FRS 1863. Sources: Modern English biography R. Desmond 1994 Royal Society Sackler Archive (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and botanist . Practised medicine in Ryde, Isle of Wight. Published papers on botany. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Ornithologist and entomologist . Undertook natural history explorations in North Africa, 1857, and Central America, 1857–60, 1861–3, 1873–4. Strickland Curator of ornithology, University of Cambridge, 1874–82. FRS 1873. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- German physician . Settled in Esslingen near Stuttgart as a general practitioner in 1847. Sources: DBE (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Author and editor . Writer on scientific and social issues. Editor, Popular Science Review and the Quarterly Journal of Science. Sources: Alum. Oxon. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American journalist , philanthropist , social reformer . A founder of the American Social Science Association. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Pathologist and physiologist . Professor of physiology, University College, London, 1870–82. An early defender of germ theory of disease. Baronet 1899. FRS 1867. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Traveller and military surgeon in the Near East. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- French palaeobotanist . Specialist on the Tertiary and Jurassic flora. Wrote extensively on the relationship between climatic change and palaeobotany. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Norwegian marine zoologist . The son of Michael Sars. Professor of zoology, Oslo, 1874–1927. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Pharmacist , plant breeder and entomologist . Emigrated to Canada, 1847. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss zoologist . Following his doctoral studies at the University of Giessen, embarked on scientific travels (1854–6) in the West Indies, Mexico, and the United States; he returned to Geneva with significant collections. Sources: Larousse HBLS NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Anglican clergyman and theologian . Sources: DNB Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Orientalist and comparative philologist . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German physician , journalist , pedagogue and writer . , Sources: Weech, Friedrich von Badische Biographien 5 1906 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Viennese scientific traveller and diplomat . Principal scientist of the Novara expedition. Austrian consul in London, 1875–8. Sources: BLKO (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- German physiologist . Professor in Florence from 1863; in Geneva from 1876. Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German traveller and explorer . With his brothers Adolph and Hermann, undertook a scientific expedition, sponsored by the East India Company and supported by the Prussian government, to India and Tibet, 1854–7. Appointed extraordinary professor of geography, Giessen, in 1864. Sources: ADB BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,8,9
- German linguist and philologist . Professor of philology, University of Prague, 1853–6; Professor of philology, University of Jena, 1857–68. Sources: ADB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- German Author and translator . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Spiritualist and pseudoscientist . Sources: BHGW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer on religion and science . Author of Die darwin'schen Theorien und ihre Stellung zur Philosophie, Religion und Moral (1876). Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German zoologist who taught in Jena, Cracow, Graz, and Strasbourg. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German zoologist associated with the Zoological Garden at Frankfurt-am-Main.
- Student . A student of Haeckel.
- German philosopher . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German anatomist and histologist . Professor extraordinarius of anatomy, Halle University, 1854–9; professor of anatomy and director of the Anatomisches Institut, Bonn University, from 1859. Founder of the Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie und Entwicklungsmechanik, 1865, and editor, 1865–74. Sources: ADB Arch. Mik. Anat 10 1874: i–xviii DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- German publisher . Director of E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung of Stuttgart, 1841–67. Publisher of the German translations of Origin (1860) and Orchids (1862). Sources: Jubiläums-Katalog (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,10,11
- Lawyer and ornithologist . One of the founders of Ibis, 1858; editor, 1858–65 and 1878–1912. Secretary of the Zoological Society of London, 1860–1903. FRS 1861. Sources: DSB Scherren, Henry 1905 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,8,9,10,11,12
- Scottish botanist . Gardener at Chatsworth House, Derbyshire, before becoming foreman of the propagating department at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in 1859. Through CD's patronage emigrated to India in 1864, and worked briefly on a Cinchona plantation before taking a position as curator of the Calcutta botanic garden in 1865. Fellow of the Linnean Society of London, 1873. Carried out numerous botanical experiments and observations on CD's behalf. Sources: Correspondence Vol. 13, letter from John Scott, 21 July 1865 Desmond, Ray 1994 Freeman, R. B. 1978 Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh 14 (1883): 160–1 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10,11,12
- Stockbrokers in London. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- American entomologist . Graduated from the Lawrence Scientific School in 1862; assistant to Louis Agassiz, 1862–4. Custodian, Boston Society of Natural History, 1864–70. Palaeontologist, United States Geological Survey, 1886–92. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11,12
- Geologist and clergyman . Woodwardian Professor of geology, Cambridge University, 1818–73. Prebendary of Norwich Cathedral, 1834–73. President, Geological Society of London, 1829–31; president, British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1833. FRS 1821. Sources: DNB DSB Rec. R. Soc. London (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Surgeon to the St Marylebone Provident Dispensary. Sources: London and provincial medical directory 1861 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- German-born traveller and botanist . Studied botany at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1844–6. Naturalist to H.M.S. Herald, 1847–51. Commissioned in 1860 to report on the Fiji Islands and published a botanical catalogue of the islands. Editor of Bonplandia, 1853–62; editor of the Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, 1863–71. Travelled in Venezuela in 1864; in Nicaragua, 1866–7. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,9,10,11
- German entomologist . Travelled widely in Europe and published descriptions of many new insect species. Lecturer in zoology in Dorpat, 1868–77; in Königsberg, 1877–88. Active in the fisheries industry. Sources: DBBL Deutsch. Ent. Zsch 1918: 191 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German doctor .Baltic German doctor. MD Dorpat (Tartu), 1821. Joined the Russian military and served in the naval hospital at St Petersburg, 1822--6. Held several appointments in military field hospitals. Professor of clinical medicine, medical--surgical academy, St Petersburg, 1837--47. Retired to Dorpat.Sources: BLA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Italian mineralogist , crystallographer and statesman . Professor of geometry (later of mathematics), Instituto Tecnico di Torino (later University of Turin), 1852. An active member of the Accademia dei Lincei; a founding member of the Italian geological society and of the Alpine Club. Italian minister of finance, 1862, 1865, and 1869–73. Sources: DBI Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zoologist who explored the Philippines, 1858–65. Professor of zoology, Würzburg, 1869–93. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German agriculturist . Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Russian naturalist , explorer and biogeographer . Sources: GSE (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Statesman . Liberal M.P. for Okehampton, 1830; M.P. for Totnes, 1834–55. Lord of the Treasury, 1835; secretary to the Board of Control, 1839; under-secretary, Home Department, 1841?; commissioner of works, 1851–2; first lord of the Admiralty, 1859–66. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Geologist . Merchant in Portugal, 1835–8. Studied slaty cleavage and wrote several papers on the cause of cleavage and foliation. President of the Geological Society, 1856. FRS 1850. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,3,4,5,6
- Ornithologist and curator . Librarian, Zoological Society, from 1866. Assistant keeper of zoology, British Museum, from 1872. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish physiologist . M.D., Edinburgh University, 1823. Joint lecturer on systematic anatomy, Edinburgh University, 1832. Professor of anatomy and physiology, University College, London, 1836–74. Examiner in anatomy, London University, from 1840. Secretary of the Royal Society of London, 1853–72. Member of the General Medical Council, 1861–76. FRS 1839. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Surgeon . Brother-in-law of Sir Charles Bell. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Diplomat . Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, 1849–63. Consul at St Croix, West Indies, 1866. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,11
- Scottish schoolteacher and writer .
- Librarian of the Royal Geographical Society until 1846. Sources: Mill, H. R. 1930 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Publisher . Assistant to Henry Colburn. Son of Frederic Shoberl (DNB). Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Asylum official . Superintendent of the Royal Albert Asylum. Wrote a text on the treatment of mentally deficient children. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Philosopher and educationist . Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German invertebrate zoologist . Professor of zoology and comparative anatomy, University of Munich, 1853–83. Co-editor with Rudolf Albert von Kölliker of the Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1858. Sources: DSB NDB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8
- Irish physician and author . Studied medicine at Cork, Dublin, and Paris. Practised as a physician in Dublin, specialising in neurology. Professor of botany and of zoology at the Catholic University of Ireland medical school in Dublin and then at the National University of Ireland. Published on Irish history, culture, and politics as well as on medicine and botany. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Dictionary of Irish biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- American chemist . Teaching assistant to his father Benjamin Silliman, 1837. An editor of the American Journal of Science and Arts, 1838–85. Professor of practical chemistry, Yale University, 1846; succeeded his father as professor of chemistry and natural history in 1853. Professor of chemistry in the medical department, University of Louisville, Kentucky, 1849–54. Consultant to petroleum and mining industries. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,8,10,11
- American chemist , geologist , and mineralogist . Professor of chemistry and natural history, Yale University, 1802–53. Founder and first editor of the American Journal of Science and Arts, 1818. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Scottish taxidermist . Sources: Annals of Scottish Natural History 71 (1909): 129–33 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Newspaper and advertising agent . Sources: Post Office London directory 1849 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Academic . Principal of Nelson College, New Zealand, from 1868. Sources: Alum. Oxon. DNZB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and writer on physiognomy . Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Sanitary reformer and pathologist . Chief medical officer of London's public health departments from 1848 to 1876. KCB 1887. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman . B.A., Christ's College, Cambridge, 1830. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Journalist and teacher . Born at Kirkwall, emigrated to New Zealand c 1865. Journalist in Auckland and later teacher in Wellington.
- Journalist and breeding specialist . Sub-editor of Irish Farmer's Gazette. Specialist on cattle breeds and breeding. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss historian . See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,7
- Married Jean Charles Léonard Simonde de Sismondi in 1819. Emma Darwin's aunt. Sources: Emma Darwin (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,7,8
- Naturalist with interests in geology, ethnography, and historical anthropology. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Political author . Of Edinburgh. Author of several tracts on the labour question in Scotland. Sources: BLC NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Author and journalist . Worked on provincial journals, 1846–52. Proprietor and editor of the Atlas, 1852?; editor of the Intellectual Observer, 1862; continued as the Student, 1868–71. Wrote under the name "Little John" for the Weekly Times. Author of liberal tracts and popular science papers. Secretary and president, Royal Microscopical Society. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Author and social reformer . Published biographies of industrial leaders and self-taught students of humble origin. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman and traveller . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Army surgeon . Stationed in South Africa, 1821–37. Principal medical officer at Fort Pitt, Chatham, 1837; deputy inspector-general, 1845. Director-general, Army Medical Department, 1853–8. An authority on South African zoology. Knighted, 1859. FRS 1857. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,5,10
- Army officer and writer on natural history . FRS 1824. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,5,6,7
- Army officer who emigrated to Australia. Son of Charles Hamilton Smith.
- Ornithologist and author with special interest in aquatic birds. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American speculative writer , lawyer , and physician . Lecturer on medical jurisprudence and hygiene, University of Louisville. Sources: WWWA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zoologist at the British Museum (Natural History) and zoological illustrator. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist in the zoology department of the British Museum from 1849. Specialised in the Hymenoptera. President of the Entomological Society of London, 1862–3. Sources: Entomologist 12 1879: 89–92 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Welsh clergyman and antiquary who studied Quaternary cave deposits in Pembrokeshire. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Geologist , publicist and constitutional lawyer . Lived in the United States, 1837–42; lectured on phrenology and philosophy in Boston. Returned to England and was called to the bar, 1849. Studied geology in his spare time. First president of the Geologists' Association, 1859. Studied the fossils of the Chalk. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Optical instrument maker to whom Richard Beck was apprenticed. Entered into partnership with Beck in 1847. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Scottish gardener . Gardener to the duke of Roxburgh; to the duke of Northumberland at Syon House, Middlesex, 1859–64. Curator, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1864–86. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Botanist and illustrator . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Geologist and mining engineer who emigrated to Australia in 1852. Secretary, Board of Mines, 1860–76. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naval officer and scientific writer . A founder of the Royal Geographical Society, 1830; president, 1849–50. President of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1845–6. Admiral, 1863. FRS 1826. Sources: BHGW DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,8
- Naval officer , traveller and author . Sources: DNB Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer on science . Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Geologist who pioneered microscopic petrology. President of the Geological Society, 1878–80. Established the chair of geology at Sheffield University. FRS 1857. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Conchologist and illustrator . Assisted his father, George Brettingham Sowerby, in a business selling natural history specimens; succeeded to the business in 1854. Illustrated numerous works on shells. Fellow of the Linnean Society of London, 1844. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Conchologist and artist . Described the Beagle fossil shells. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
- Naturalist and scientific illustrator . An expert on fossil conchology. Founding member of the Royal Botanic Society and Gardens, Regent's Park, London, 1838; secretary, 1839–69. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,12
- Animal behaviourist . Student of instinct. Sources: Barr, E. S. 1973 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant . Assistant secretary to the Treasury, 1836–40. Secretary and controller general of the National Debt Office, 1850–73. Created baronet, 1840. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Philosopher . Civil engineer on the railways, 1837–41 and 1844–6. Became sub-editor of the Pilot, a newspaper devoted to the suffrage movement, in 1844. Sub-editor of the Economist, 1848–53. From 1852, author of papers on evolution and numerous works on philosophy and the social sciences. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- German zoologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician and physicist . Succeeded his father as Queen's printer in 1846. Throughout his life pursued mathematical studies in which he supplied new proofs of known theorems and also did important original work, notably producing a series of memoirs on the contact of curves and surfaces. FRS 1853; president, 1878–83. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Vice-admiral , hydrographer and author . Entered the navy in 1827, and served on several ships that surveyed the Mediterranean; retired from the navy in 1870. Combined his practical contributions to navigation with archaeological studies of the Greek Archipelago. FRS 1856. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Whig politician . M.P. for Cambridge borough, 1832–9. Secretary to the Treasury, 1830–4. Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1835–9. Created Baron Monteagle of Brandon in Kerry, 1839. FRS 1841. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Botanist and schoolteacher . Schoolteacher at Haxby and at the Collegiate School, York. Collected plant specimens in the Pyrenees, 1845–6; in South America, 1849–64. Ph.D., Berlin University, 1864. Retired in poor health to Coneysthorpe, Yorkshire, where he worked on his plant collections. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Banker . Manager of the Charing Cross branch, Union Bank of London, 1860–70. Sources: Banking almanac 1860–70 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Author of Darwinism and design; or, Creation by evolution (1873), and archaeological and theological works. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Entomologist . Founder and editor of the Entomologist's Annual, 1855–74, and of the Entomologist's Weekly Intelligencer, 1856–61. Secretary to the Ray Society, 1861–72; secretary to the natural history section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1864 and 1867–72. Co-founder, Entomologists' Monthly Magazine, 1864. FRS 1867. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8,10,12
- Clergyman . Anglican bishop of Honolulu. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Married Philip Henry Stanhope, Viscount Mahon, in 1834. Sources: Complete peerage (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Historian and politician . Styled Viscount Mahon from 1816 until 1855 when he succeeded to the earldom. Tory M.P. for Wootton Bassett, 1830–2; M.P. for Hertford, 1832 and 1835–52. Under-secretary for foreign affairs, 1834–5; secretary to the board of control for India, 1845–6. Instrumental in the founding of the National Portrait Gallery and the Historical Manuscripts Commission. FRS 1827. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,9,10,12
- Statesman . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Widow of the 2d Marquis of Salisbury (James B. W. Gascoyne Cecil), she married the Earl of Derby in 1870. Sources: Burke's peerage (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scientific instrument maker . Author of works on surveying, physics, and instruments. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German lepidopterist . Author of standard catalogue of Palaearctic Lepidoptera. Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Anglican clergyman and marine biologist . FRS 1896. Sources: DSB Freeman, R. B. 1978 WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Bohemian botanist who collected plants in Tripoli. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Danish zoologist . Professor of zoology and director of the Zoology Museum, University of Copenhagen, 1846–85. Foreign member, Royal Society of London, 1863. Sources: DBL DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,11
- Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Philosopher and man of letters . Fellow, Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1854–67; tutor, 1856–62. Left Cambridge for London in 1864 to pursue a literary career. Contributed articles to newspapers and journals on a wide variety of subjects. Editor of the Cornhill Magazine, 1871–82. First editor of the Dictionary of national biography from 1882. Knighted, 1902. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Clergyman . Curate at Wanstead, Essex, 1853–9; curate at Down, Kent, 1859–67. Rector of St Erme, Cornwall, 1867–1904. Sources: Alum. Oxon. Crockford's (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,8,9,10,11,12
- American physician and naturalist who lived in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. For a time, physician to the Pennsylvania Hospital. Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- American travel writer and poet . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Stockbroker in London; collector of coins and drawings, naturalist, and geologist. Collected fossil wood. FRS 1821. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Modern English biography Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,9
- Editor and Shakespeare scholar . Sources: Alum. Oxon. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician and physicist . Lucasian Professor of mathematics, Cambridge University, 1849–1903. Secretary of the Royal Society of London, 1854–85; president, 1885–90. President of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 1869. Conservative M.P. for Cambridge University, 1887–91. Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1902–3. Created baronet, 1889. FRS 1851. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Naval officer . Midshipman on H.M.S. Beagle, 1825–30; mate and assistant surveyor, 1831–6; lieutenant, 1837–41; commander, 1841–3. Captain on H.M.S. Acheron, surveying off New Zealand, 1847–51; on half pay, 1851–60; employed surveying the Channel coasts, 1860–3; rear-admiral, 1864; vice-admiral, 1871; admiral, 1877. Sources: DNB Navy list 1847–64 O'Byrne, W. R. 1849 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,12
- Clergyman and writer on agricultural subjects . Sources: CDEL (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mineralogist . Professor at Oxford and keeper of minerals at the British Museum. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Wife of M. H. N. Story-Maskelyne.
- Army officer . Served in the Bengal engineers; lieutenant, 1841; lieutenant-general, 1875. Carried out scientific expeditions in the Himalayas. Collected plants in Tibet, 1848. Served in government in India, 1862–71. Member of the Council of India, 1875–89. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Scottish Publisher. Founded Strahan & Co. in partnership with William Isbister in 1858; moved to London in 1862. Founded the periodicals Good Words, the Sunday Magazine, Argosy, and the Contemporary Review. Forced to resign from Strahan & Co., 1872; in 1874 the firm's name was changed to Isbister & Co.Sources: ODNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Professor in Jena and Bonn. Did important work in plant cytology. An enthusiastic evolutionist. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Poultry breeder Resided at Vine Cottage, Burscough Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire. Sources: Post Office directory of Lancashire, Liverpool and Manchester letter from Thomas Stretch to W. B. Tegetmeier, 25 February 1868 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 16
- Geologist and zoologist . An advocate of reform in zoological nomenclature. FRS 1852. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8
- Surgeon and anatomist . Professor of anatomy, Aberdeen University, 1863–89. One of the earliest advocates in Scotland of the theory of natural selection. Knighted, 1898. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Physicist . Experimental and theoretical physicist, and applied mathematician. Cavendish Professor of experimental physics, Cambridge, 1879–84. FRS 1873. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Polish-born explorer and geologist . Explored the Americas, the Far East, and Australia, 1834–43. Naturalised as a British subject, 1845. Knighted, 1869. FRS 1853. Sources: ADB DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Jurist . Served in Madras Presidency. Judge, 1879. Succeeded his cousin as 6th Earl and Viscount and 14th Baron Castlestewart, 1914. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Burke's peerage (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss geologist . Professor of geology and mineralogy, University of Berne, 1834–73. Sources: ADB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5
- American agronomist . Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Wife of Samuel Stutchbury. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- German publisher and bookseller . Head of the publishing firm Johann Christian Hermann'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, based in Frankfurt-am-Main. Published Friedrich Rolle's Ch. Darwin's Lehre von der Entstehung der Arten (1863) and sought to publish a German translation of Origin in 1866. Sources: s5035 from Rudolf Suchsland, 16 March 1866) Martin, G. P. R. and Uschmann, Georg 1969 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- Mining director . Son of the German publisher Friedrich Emil Suchsland. Emigrated to Britain and became a mining director in Swansea, 1854. Sources: family information (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Austrian geologist , palaeontologist , educational reformer and politician . Palaeontologist at the Kaiserlich-königliche Hofmineralien-Cabinett, Vienna, 1852. Professor extraordinarius of palaeontology, University of Vienna, 1857–62; professor extraordinarius of geology, 1862–7. Professor of geology, University of Vienna, 1867–1911. President of the Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna, 1898–1911. Foreign member, Royal Society, 1894. x Sources: Almanach k. Akad. Wiss 63 1914 Eisenberg, Ludwig 1893 Mitteilungen der Geologischen Gesellschaft Wien (1914): 1–32 Neue Österreichische Biographie I (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Naval officer and hydrographer . Lieutenant on H.M.S. Beagle, 1831–6. Surveyed the Falkland Islands in H.M.S. Arrow, 1838–9. Commander of H.M.S. Philomel, 1842–6. Resided in the Falkland Islands, 1848–51. Commanded H.M.S. Lightning in the Baltic, 1854–5. Naval officer in the marine department of the Board of Trade, 1856–65. Admiral, 1877. Knighted, 1869. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Psychologist . Sources: WWWS (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Personal secretary to Erasmus Alvey Darwin until EAD's death in 1881. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Civil servant and breeder of domestic animals . Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish physician , naturalist and explorer . Undertook expeditions to the west coast of Africa and to Greenland. Accompanied an expedition in search of John Franklin, 1850. Government geologist and surveyor-general in Natal, South Africa, 1853–86. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DSAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,9
- Zookeeper . A keeper at the zoological gardens, London. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Booksellers at 21 Great Russell Street, London. Sources: Post Office London directory 1851 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5
- Gardener from Norfolk who emigrated to Christchurch, New Zealand, and became a prominent nurseryman. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,9
- Diplomat and ornithologist . Attached to the British consulate in Hong Kong, 1854; in Amoy, China, 1855. British vice-consul, Taiwan, 1860–5; consul, 1865–73. Acting consul, Amoy, 1865–71; Ning-po, 1871–3. Consul, Ning-po, 1873–5. Collected plants and animals in Eastern Asia. FRS 1876. Sources: FO list 1877 Hall, P. B. 1987 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Naturalist and military officer in the East India Company. Statistical reporter to the Bombay government, 1824–31. Royal commissioner on lunacy, 1835–45. Elected to the board of directors of the East India Company, 1840; chairman, 1856?; FRS 1834. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,5,6,7,8
- Army officer . Captain in United States Army.
- Birmingham surgeon and gynaecologist . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- British-born merchant , landowner , horticulturalist and sportsman ; resident in Portugal. Head of Tait & Co., merchants and agents for the Royal Marine Steam Packet Co. x Sources: Gard. Chron 1928.05.05: 327 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- American reformer . Secretary, American Social Science Association. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Medical jurist . Professor of medical jurisprudence, Guy's Hospital, London, 1831–77. Appointed joint lecturer on chemistry at Guy's, 1832; held the post alone from 1851 to 1870. Often a witness in trials involving suspected murder by poisoning; engaged in the case of William Palmer, the Rugeley poisoner. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8
- Journalist and popular science writer . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- London barrister and judge . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Editor , journalist , lecturer and naturalist . Pigeon-fancier and expert on poultry. Pigeon and poultry editor of the Field, 1864–1907. Secretary of the Apiarian Society of London. x Sources: Field 1912.11.23: 1070 Richardson, E. W. 1916 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Educator and clergyman . Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, 1842–8. Headmaster of Rugby School, 1857–69. Bishop of Exeter, 1869–85; bishop of London, 1885–96. Archbishop of Canterbury, 1896–1902. Author of "The education of the world", published in Essays and reviews (1860). Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,8,9,11
- Curator . Keeper of the aquarium at the Zoological Society's gardens. Sources: Woodward, S. P. 1851–6 3: 331 n (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Boston lawyer . Author and editor of legal texts and biographies. Professor, Harvard Law School, from 1874. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch psychologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German author of works on agriculture and land economy. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer on medical subjects . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Systematic botanist . Assistant director of Kew Gardens, 1875; director, 1885. Son-in-law of J. D. Hooker. KCMG 1899. FRS 1880. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Journalist . Patient at Edward Wickstead Lane's hydropathic establishment in the 1850s. Sub-editor of the colonial newspaper Home News. Emigrated to Queensland, Australia, in 1863. Sources: Correspondence Vol. 7, letter to W. D. Fox, 24 June [1858] from Mary Butler, [before 25 December 1862] letter from J. P. Thom, 14 January 1863 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,10,11
- Amateur naturalist and politician . M.P. for Bolton, 1880–5. Sources: WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zoologist and physiologist . Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Bibliophile and collector . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Congregational clergyman in New York City. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zookeeper . Manager of the Earl of Derby's menagerie at Knowsley until 1851. Superintendent of the gardens of the Zoological Society of London, 1852–9. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7
- Banker. Lived in Australia in 1860s. Manager, London and Provincial Bank in 1870s.Sources: 1871 England Census (PRO RG10/1132/73/38) letter from Ralph I Thompson, 27 April 1871 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish naturalist . President of the Belfast Natural History Society, 1843–52. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6
- Botanist and horticulturist . Founded nursery at Ipswich. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish physician and anatomist . Professor of anatomy, University of Glasgow, 1848–77. FRS 1848. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist and oceanographer . Professor of mineralogy and geology, Queen's College, Belfast, 1854–60; professor of natural science from 1860. Professor of botany, Royal College of Science, Dublin, 1868–70. Appointed regius professor of natural history, University of Edinburgh, 1870. Interested in deep-sea researches; appointed chief of the civilian scientific staff of the Challenger expedition, 1872–6. Knighted, 1877. FRS 1869. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,12
- Gardener at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, before 1862. Gardener, then superintendent, at the Botanic Gardens, Castleton, Jamaica, 1862–78. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 Morris, Daniel 1898: 144 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Swedish entomologist who wrote on European, African and Asian spiders. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mother of C. A. Thorley. Friend of the Tollet family. Resided at 36 Bernard Street, Russell Square, London. Sources: Darwin, C. R. Address book (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- American botanist and chemist . Trained as a pharmacist; lecturer in chemistry, Franklin Society of Providence, Rhode Island; botanist, quartermaster, and commissary on the United States–Mexico boundary survey, 1850–3; with the United States Assay Office, New York, 1853–6; lecturer in botany and materia medica, College of Pharmacy, New York, 1856–60, 1865–6; professor of botany and horticulture, Michigan State Agricultural College, 1859–63. Editor of the American Agriculturist, 1863–85. President of the Torrey Botanical Club, 1873–80. Specialised in grasses. Sources: DAB Taxonomic literature (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- Botanist and entomologist . Superintendent of the Peradeniya botanic gardens, Ceylon, 1849; director, 1857–80. FRS 1865. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Geologist who worked on the Geological Survey, 1864–1902. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American economic geologist and stratigrapher . Did early work in botany. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Landowner and agricultural reformer . Changed his name from Embury in 1796, on succeeding to the estate of Betley Hall, Staffordshire. Justice of the peace and deputy lieutenant of Staffordshire. A close friend of Josiah Wedgwood. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1879 s.v. Wicksted of Betley Hall Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10
- Daughter of George Tollet. A close friend of the Wedgwoods and Darwins. Edited the manuscript of Origin. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,4,7,8,10
- Dental surgeon , histologist and inventor of dental instruments . Knighted 1886. FRS 1850. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Wine merchant and grocer in Belfast.
- Surveyor of taxes in Aberlady, Scotland. Sources: Denwoodie, James personal communication (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physiological chemist . Sources: BHGW DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- New Jersey naturalist . Sources: WWWA (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American botanist and entomologist . Headed the Missouri Botanic Garden at St Louis, 1880s–1912. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Professor of botany, University of Breslau, 1816–30; Professor of botany, University of Bonn, 1830–64. Sources: ADB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11,12
- Botanist . Assistant in the botanical department of the British Museum, 1869–79. Appointed to succeed George Henry Kendrick Thwaites as director of the Peradeniya botanic gardens, Ceylon, in 1879. Editor of the Journal of Botany, 1871–96. Brother of Roland Trimen. FRS 1888. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Zoologist and entomologist . Emigrated to South Africa in 1858. Arranged the Lepidoptera at the South African Museum. Held civil-service positions in the Commission of Land and Public Works, the governor's office, and the colonial secretary's office; became part-time curator of the South African Museum in 1873; full-time curator, 1876. FRS 1883. Sources: DSAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Clergyman and ornithologist . Secretary to the governor of Bermuda, 1847–9. Rector of Castle Eden, Durham, 1849–60. Canon residentiary of Durham, 1874. Formed extensive ornithological collections from travels in Algeria, Palestine, Egypt, and Japan. FRS 1868. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,11
- Son of Edward Truelove.
- Booksellers at Paternoster Row, London, specialising in oriental, American and European publications (Post Office London directory). Founded by Nicholas Trübner (DNB). See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- German-born publisher and oriental scholar . Foreign corresponding clerk for Longmans ( publishers), 1843–51. Established a successful London publishing house in partnership with Thomas Delf and David Nutt that specialised in oriental studies and translations of works in philology, philosophy, and religion. Sources: ADB DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,10,11
- Psychiatrist . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Building contractor . Resided at The Rookery, Down. Sources: Census returns 1861 PRO RG9/462: 70 Post office directory of the six home counties 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Nurseryman . Acquired the Royal Nurseries, Slough, Buckinghamshire, circa 1845. Edited the Florist, 1851–60. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Clergyman . Shrewsbury School-friend of CD. B.A., Christ's College, Cambridge, 1831. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Anatomist . Professor of anatomy, Edinburgh, 1867–1916. Principal, Edinburgh, 1903–16. Knighted 1886. FRS 1877. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Businessman and geologist . Brother of E. B. Tylor. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Anthropologist . First professor of anthropology, Oxford, 1883–1909. FRS 1871. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Irish physicist , lecturer and populariser of science . Professor of natural philosophy, Royal Institution of Great Britain, 1853; superintendent, 1867–87. Scientific adviser to Trinity House and the Board of Trade, 1866–83. FRS 1852. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Naval officer . Master's assistant then master on H.M.S. Beagle, 1831–5. Took command of a small schooner and surveyed the coast of Peru, 1835–6. Master on the Beagle in Australia, 1838–9. Surveyed the coasts of England and Ireland, coasts of, 1847–65. Created staff commander, 1863; captain, 1867. Retired in 1868. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Narrative 2: 19–20 Navy list 1838–85 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,12
- Zoologist . Lecturer in zoology, Protestant College of Beirut, in 1880s. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American physician who practised in Cincinnati and Cleveland. Sources: DAMB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Daughter of Josiah Wedgwood and CD's sister Caroline. Married Arthur Charles Vaughan Williams, 1869. Mother of Ralph Vaughan Williams (1872–1958), composer. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Farmer and nurseryman . Farmed on the Cape of Good Hope. Returned to England and joined the family nursery company in 1856. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Russianeconomist and statistician. Permanent secretary, St Petersburg Academy of Sciences, 1857–90. Sources: GSE s.v. Veselovskii, Konstantin Stepanovich (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German philologist . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Journalist . Science editor of La France.
- Botanist . Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1876. Sherardian Professor of botany, Oxford, 1888–1919. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Banker in Torquay. Author of several scientific papers. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Successful metals manufacturer , politician and amateur geologist . Knighted 1882. Created Baron Swansea 1893. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss naturalist . Collaborated with Louis Agassiz on a treatise on central European freshwater fish. Professor of zoology, Giessen, 1847. Forced to leave Giessen for political reasons in 1848; settled in Geneva. Professor of geology, Geneva, 1852; director of the Institute of Zoology, 1872. Sources: ADB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,7,12
- German author of a work on the antivivisection movement (1881). Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American physician and surgeon . Practised in Lincoln, Nebraska, from 1875. Sources: IC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Theist . Lapsed Anglican clergyman who established a theistic church in London. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch plant physiologist and geneticist . Taught at the University of Amsterdam from 1877. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Dutch botanist . Professor of botany and director of the botanical garden in Leiden. Undertook an extended visit to Java and the Malay Archipelago in 1857. Sources: BWN (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,7
- German botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German explorer and naturalist who made several visits to Central and South America. Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Compiler . Ordained priest in 1847. Edited Once a Week, 1859–65; edited Gentleman's Magazine, 1866–8. Engaged in the publication of several biographical and genealogical works including County families of the United Kingdom (1860) and Windsor peerage (1890). In later life, established a reputation as an antiquary. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- Entomologist . Specialised in chalcids, small parasitic Hymenoptera. Described the Chalcididae CD collected on the Beagle voyage. Catalogued a number of the insect collections in the British Museum. Sources: Ent. Mon. Mag 11 1874: 140–1 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,9,10,11
- Barrister , Lincoln's Inn, 1873. Sources: Alum. Oxon. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist . Collector in the Amazon, 1848–52; Collector in the Malay Archipelago, 1854–62. Independently formulated a theory of evolution by natural selection in 1858. Lecturer and author of works on protective coloration, mimicry, and zoogeography. President of the Land Nationalisation Society, 1881. Wrote widely on socialism, spiritualism, and vaccination. FRS 1893. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Entomologist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Farm superintendent on Ascension Island. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6
- Surgeon and zoologist . Served with the Indian army medical service, 1838–57. Joined H.M.S. Bulldog as naturalist to the North Atlantic telegraphic expedition in 1860; discovered evidence of animal life at great oceanic depths and published his findings. Also published on the Protozoa. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,12
- Entomologist , farmer and timber merchant . Student at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1827–31; fellow, 1833. Emigrated to the United States, where he farmed in Henry County, Illinois, 1838–51; lumber merchant, Rock Island, Illinois, 1851–8. Retired from commerce in about 1858 and concentrated on entomology, making contributions to agricultural entomology. Suggested the use of natural enemies to control insect pests. Author of several papers in agricultural journals. Associate editor of the Practical Entomologist, 1865. Acting state entomologist, Illinois, 1867. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 12
- German physician and botanist at Bayreuth. Sources: Taxonomic literature (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Writer on Spain . British agent in San Domingo, 1802–9. Advocated the naturalisation of the alpaca. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- Landowner . Principal landowner of Chelsfield, a village four miles east of Down. Owned Chelsfield and Hewitts, two of the four estates in the parish. Justice of the peace. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1939 Heinecke, P. M. 1985 Post office directory of the six home counties 1862 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Author . Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician and reformer , specialising in behavioural and neurophysiological disorders. Sources: Physicians (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Magistrate? Solicited contributions to a testimonial for James Buckman (see letter from H. E. Darwin to Thomas Warner, 14 October [1863]). Possibly Thomas Warner of Gosditch Street, Cirencester, Gloucestershire, justice of the peace for the county of Gloucestershire. A Thomas Warner was one of the original shareholders in the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester. Sources: Post Office directory of Gloucestershire, with Bath, Bristol, Hereforshire, and Shropshire 1870 Sayce, Roger 1992: 351 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Clergyman and antiquary . Son of Henry Degory Warter and Shrewsbury School-friend of CD. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Naval officer and hydrographer . Secretary of the Royal Geographical Society, 1836–41. Involved in surveys of the east coast of England, 1841–7. Hydrographer to the admiralty, 1855–63. FRS 1845. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,8
- Entomologist . Assistant keeper, British Museum (Natural History). Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naturalist . Curator of the Zoological Society of London, 1836–43. Assistant in the mineralogical and geological branch of the natural history section of the British Museum, 1843; keeper, 1851–7; keeper of the department of geology, 1857–80. Founding member of the Entomological Society, 1833; president, 1849–50. Described CD's mammalian and entomological specimens from the Beagle voyage. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Clergyman . Attended Shrewsbury School, 1823–6. A friend of CD's at Cambridge University. HM Inspector of Schools, 1841–73. Rector of Long Marston, Yorkshire, 1873–88. Archdeacon of York, 1874–88. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,7,8
- Botanist , phytogeographer and phrenologist . Edited the Phrenological Journal, 1837–40. Collected plants in the Azores in 1842. Wrote extensively on the geographical distribution of plants. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- English physician and neurologist . Editor of Brain 1884–93. Founding member of the Neurological Society, 1885. Sources: IC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Antiquary and traveller . A friend of CD's at Cambridge: the two went on entomological outings together. Fellow, Society of Antiquaries, 1839; director, 1842–6. A founder of the Archaeological Institute, 1845. Sources: Alum. Cantab. DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,4,8
- Naturalist and farmer and writer . BA, Oxford, 1860. Resided in South Africa, approximately 1860–78. Supported the formation of a museum in Port Elizabeth. Farmed property (Brooklyn) near King William's Town. CD communicated his papers on orchid pollination to the Linnean Society of London; his papers on South African insects appeared in the Transactions of the Entomological Society.Sources: Gunn and Codd 1981; BMD (Death index); Royal Society catalogue of scientific papers; The Times, 26 September 1899, p. 9; Weale 1877; Weale 1878; Weale 1891 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- British-born botanist and physician . Assistant naturalist to the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1850–7. Specialist in South American flora. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1994 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,9,10,11
- Scottish advocate and M.P. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- CD's sister. Married Josiah Wedgwood III, her cousin, in 1837. Sources: Darwin pedigree (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Daughter of Jessie and Harry Wedgwood. Sources: Emma Darwin (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6
- Daughter of Bessy and Josiah Wedgwood II. Married Charles Langton in 1832. Sources: Burke's peerage 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1
- Second child of James Mackintosh and Catherine Allen. Married Hensleigh Wedgwood in 1832. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 O'Leary, Patrick 1989 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,5,11,12
- Novelistbiographerhistorianliterary critic Daughter of Hensleigh and Frances Emma Elizabeth Wedgwood. Sources: Wedgwood, Barbara and Wedgwood, Hensleigh 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,6,9,10,12
- Master potter and partner in the Wedgwood pottery works at Etruria, Staffordshire, until 1876. Emma Darwin's brother. Married Frances Mosley in 1832. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12
- Potter . Son of Francis Wedgwood and Frances Mosley. Joined the Wedgwood pottery works in Staffordshire; partner, 1859; senior partner, 1875–1905. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 Wedgwood, Barbara and Wedgwood, Hensleigh 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,6,9,12
- Barrister . B.A., Jesus College, Cambridge, 1821. Married Jessie Wedgwood, his cousin, in 1830. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
- Daughter of Hensleigh and Frances Emma Elizabeth Wedgwood. Second wife of Godfrey Wedgwood. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,9,11,12
- Philologist and barrister . Emma Darwin's brother. Fellow, Christ's College, Cambridge, 1829–30. Metropolitan police magistrate at Lambeth, 1832–7; registrar of metropolitan carriages, 1838–49. An original member of the Philological Society, 1842. Published A dictionary of English etymology (1859–65). Married Frances Emma Elizabeth Mackintosh in 1832. Sources: DNB Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
- Master potter of Etruria. Resident at Maer Hall, Staffordshire. Whig M.P. for Stoke-on-Trent, 1832–4. Emma Darwin's father. Sources: Burke's peerage 1980 Emma Darwin 1915 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10,11
- Master potter . Partner in the Wedgwood pottery works at Etruria, Staffordshire, until 1844, when he moved to Leith Hill Place, Surrey 1844. Emma Darwin's brother. Married CD's sister Caroline, his cousin, in 1837. Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,10,11,12
- Daughter of Caroline Wedgwood and Josiah Wedgwood III. CD's niece. Sources: Darwin pedigree Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4,6,10,11,12
- Fourth child of Caroline Wedgwood and Josiah Wedgwood III. CD's niece. Married Matthew James Harrison in 1874. Sources: Darwin pedigree Wedgwood, Barbara and Wedgwood, Hensleigh 1980 Darwin pedigree Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,6,10,11,12
- Daughter of Caroline Wedgwood and Josiah Wedgwood. CD's niece. Married Arthur Charles Vaughan Williams in 1869. Mother of Ralph Vaughan Williams (DNB). Sources: Emma Darwin 1915 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,6,10,11,12
- Clergyman .
- Clergyman . Son of John and Louisa Jane Wedgwood. Married Frances Crewe in 1835. Sources: Alum. Cantab. (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2
- CD and Emma Darwin's aunt. Resided at Camp Hill, Maer Heath, Staffordshire, 1827–47, then moved to Petleys, Down 1847. Sources: Emma Darwin (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6
- Emma Darwin's sister. Resided at Maer Hall, Staffordshire, until 1847, then at The Ridge, Hartfield, Sussex, until 1862. Moved to London before settling in Down in 1868. Sources: Emma Darwin 1915 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12
- Animal painter and illustrator . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,6,8
- Naturalist and customs official . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- German zoologist and Darwinist. Proposed theory of the continuity of the germ-plasm. Professor of zoology, Freiburg, 1866–1912. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Anatomist and anthropologist . Professor of anatomy, Halle, 1859. Sources: WWWS (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Army officer . Served at the capture of Port Natal, 1842, and in the Indian Mutiny. Sources: Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7
- Archaeologist and mineralogist .
- Entomologist and palaeographer . Founding member of the Entomological Society of London, 1833; honorary president, 1883. Hope Professor of invertebrate zoology, Oxford University, 1861–93. Entomological referee for the Gardeners' Chronicle. Awarded the Royal Medal of the Royal Society of London, 1855. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Surgeon and geologist . Made an important collection of London Clay fossils, which was subsequently purchased by the British Museum. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Philosophical writer . Author of Das Verhältnis der Philosophie zu der empirischen Wissenschaft von der Natur (1894). Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Naval officer and hydrographer . KCB 1897. FRS 1886. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Oldest sister of Francis Galton. Married Edward Wheler in 1845. Sources: Pearson, Karl 1914–30 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician , historian and philosopher of science . Professor of moral philosophy, Cambridge University, 1838–55. Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1841–66. FRS 1820. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Stratigrapher and hydrogeologist . Associated with the Geological Survey, 1857–96. Sources: Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Landowner , antiquary and artist . Of Newlands, Hampshire. Silk producer and author of A manual for rearing silkworms in England (1848). Sources: Colp, Ralph 1972 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4
- Naturalist . Official in the zoological department of the British Museum, 1835–63. Described some of the insect specimens collected on the Beagle voyage. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,3,4,5,9,10
- Botanist and entomologist . Published the Scottish Naturalist, 1871–82. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Miscellaneous writer . Cabinetmaker in Reading until 1834. Travelled in America, 1834–9. Attendant in the library of the Royal Society, 1844; assistant secretary and librarian, 1861–84. Author of many travel books. Sources: DNB Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,10
- Botanist who emigrated to Australia, 1883. Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Mathematician and clergyman . Attended Shrewsbury School, 1821–6. B.A., St John's College, Cambridge, 1830. Reader in natural philosophy and mathematics, Durham University, 1833–55. Vicar of Bedlington, Northumberland, 1854–95. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,7,11
- American philologist . Expert on Sanskrit. Professor at Yale, 1854. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . Sources: Barnhart, J. H. 1965 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Landowner and breeder . Son of George Tollet and childhood friend of CD's. Took the name Wicksted in 1814. High sheriff of Cheshire, 1822. Inherited Betley Hall, Staffordshire, in 1855; continued living at Shakenhurst, Worcestershire, the home inherited by his wife to which he had moved c 1844. A noted foxhunter and breeder of hounds. Sources: Blagg, C. J. 1902 Burke's landed gentry 1875 Freeman, R. B. 1978 Post Office directory of Birmingham 1864 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,3,10
- Austrian plant anatomist and physiologist . Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German botanist . A vigorous opponent of evolution. Sources: DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German agricultural writer . Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American neurologist and zoologist . Professor, Cornell University, 1867–1910. Sources: AMS (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American naval officer and explorer . Commanded the United States Exploring Expedition, 1838–42, exploring the American northwest coast, the Antarctic coastline, and the islands of the Pacific Ocean. From 1843 until 1861, on special service, preparing the information collected by the expedition for publication. Took command of the San Jacinto in 1861? and sparked off the "Trent affair" by forcibly removing two Confederate diplomatic commissioners from a British ship. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,3,4,9,10
- Clergyman . Sources: Freeman, R. B. 1978 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Physician , anatomist and medical biographer . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Booksellers and publishers specialising in foreign scientific literature, with premises at Covent Garden, London, and South Frederick Street, Edinburgh. A partnership between Edmund Sydney Williams (1817–91) and Frederick Norgate. Publishers of the Natural History Review. Sources: Modern English biography s.v. Williams, Edmund Sidney (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Oldest daughter of William Mostyn Owen. Married first Edward Hosier Williams in 1831 and secondly Thomas Chandler Haliburton in 1856. A close friend and neighbour of CD before the Beagle voyage. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1952 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2,4
- Surgeon and naturalist . Surgeon to the Chorlton-on-Medlock dispensary, Manchester, 1842–68; surgeon to the Manchester Institute for Diseases of the Ear, 1855–70. Professor of natural history, anatomy, and physiology, Owens College, Manchester, 1851–91. Began a comprehensive study of the plants of the coal measures in 1858. FRS 1854. Sources: DNB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,9
- Scottish civil engineer and botanist . Sources: Desmond, Ray 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Newspaper editor and newspaper Proprietor in Hobart, Tasmania. Editor of the Hobart Town Advertiser from 1845. Usher of the Black Rod in the Legislative Council of the Tasmanian Parliament, 1876–9. Sources: University of Tasmania Library State Archives (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9
- American embryologist and cytologist with interest in heredity. Professor of zoology, Columbia University, 1891–1928. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Australian journalist and politician . Left London for Australia in 1842; proprietor of the Argus, 1847–64. Founded the Acclimatisation Society of Victoria in 1861. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Australian rancher and politician . Knighted 1875. Sources: Aust. dict. biog. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Surgeon . Taught anatomy and physiology at University College London, 1831–6. Established Sydenham College 1836. Entered private practice in 1840, specialising in the treatment of skin diseases. Founded and subsequently held the chair of dermatology at the Royal College of Surgeons, 1869–77. President, Royal College of Surgeons, 1881. Interested in the study of Egyptian antiquities; president of the Biblical Archaeology Society. Knighted, 1881. FRS 1845. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10
- Dutch geologist and palaeontologist . Curator of the Teylor Museum, Haarlem, from 1864. Translated Origin into Dutch (1860). Sources: NNBW Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 9,10
- German hydrographer and teacher . Teacher at the Gymnasium in Pless, Upper Silesia, 1868–91. Sources: Poggendorff (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German-born painter and illustrator ; specialist on animals. Apprenticed as a lithographer in Koblenz before studying art at the Antwerp Academy. Arrived in London in 1848. Established a studio with Johann Baptist Zwecker at 59 Berners Street, London, circa 1860. Illustrated many natural history publications including a number of the plates for Henry Walter Bates's The naturalist on the river Amazons (1863). Sources: Bates, H. W. 1863: vi DNB Post Office London directory 1859–63 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Entomologist and conchologist . Passed many winters in Madeira where he collected insects and shells. Wrote a series of works on the Coleoptera. Sources: DNB Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5,6,7,8,9,11
- Mathematician . Assistant tutor at Christ's College, Cambridge, 1852–69. Professor of mathematics, Royal Indian Engineering College, Cooper's Hill, Berkshire, 1871–89. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 7,8,9,11
- Politician . Chancellor of the exchequer, 1846. President of board of control, 1852?; First Lord of the Admiralty, 1855. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 5
- Surgeon and anatomist . Professor of surgery, King's College Hospital, 1871–89. FRS 1871. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Palaeontologist . Officer in the East India Company's navy, 1811–25. Became a partner in a bank at Hasketon, near Woodbridge. Curator of the Geological Society of London, 1838–9; fellow, 1839. Studied the fossils of the East Anglian Crag, specialising in Eocene fossil Mollusca. Sources: DNB Woodward, H. B. 1907 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 3,4,5,6,7,8,10
- Animal illustrator . Sources: Bénézit, Emmanuel 1976 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Journalist and beekeeper . From 1850 devoted himself exclusively to beekeeping. Introduced Ligurian bees to Britain in 1859 and developed the "Woodbury hive", marketed by the London apiarian specialists George Neighbour & Sons. As "A Devonshire Beekeeper", a regular contributor to the Cottage Gardener, Journal of Horticulture, Gardeners' Chronicle, and The Times. Sources: Brown, R. H. 1975 Brown, Ron 1994 Dodd, Victor 1983 Fraser, H. M. 1958 Neighbour, Alfred 1865 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11 [old cumbib entry follows, superseded by above from Vol. 11:] Woodbury, Thomas White (1818–71). Beekeeper and journalist. Resided at 17 Lower Mount Radford Terrace, Exeter, Devon. Son of W. H. Woodbury (Modern English biography), a linguist and part-proprietor of the Exeter and Plymouth Gazette. Took an active part in the management of his father's newspaper, before retiring to live on private means. After 1850, devoted himself to the study of bees, and developed the "Woodbury hive", incorporating a movable frame around the bee space; a contributor to the bee-keeping section of the Journal of Horticulture, 1859–71.
- Justice of the peace . Resided at Oughtershaw Hall, Yorkshire. Fellow of the Geological Society of London, 1846. Brother-in-law of William Darwin Fox. Sources: Burke's landed gentry 1952 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 4,6,7,11
- Geologist and palaeontologist . Joined his brother, Samuel Pickworth Woodward, as an assistant in the geological department, British Museum, in 1858; keeper of geology, 1880–1901. Co-founder of the Geological Magazine, 1864; editor, 1865–1918. President of many scientific organisations, including the Geological Society of London, Palaeontographical Society, Royal Microscopical Society, Malacological Society, Geologists' Association, and Museums Association. FRS 1873. Sources: Geol. Mag 58 1921: 481–4 WWW (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Naturalist . Sub-curator, Geological Society of London, 1839–45. Professor of geology and natural history at the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, 1845. First-class assistant in the department of geology and mineralogy, British Museum, 1848–65. Sources: DNB Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Landowner , colliery owner and agriculturalist , of Halliwell House, Heighington, and Sadberge Hall, Darlington, County Durham. Started the conservative newspaper, the North-Eastern Independent, 1879. Founder of Darlington Conservative Association. Member of the Darlington Rural Sanitary Authority. Instrumental in founding the South Durham and North Yorkshire Chamber of Agriculture. Sources: North East. Dly Gaz 1891.05.05 North Star 1891.05.05 Northern Echo 1891.05.05 Post Office directory of the county of Durham 1873 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Sculptor and poet . Established his reputation in the 1850s with medallion portrait sculptures of Robert Browning, Thomas Carlyle, and William Wordsworth. Went on to make acclaimed busts of CD, Charles Dickens, Thomas Henry Huxley, Adam Sedgwick, and Alfred Tennyson, and life-size studies of Francis Bacon, John Stuart Mill, and William Whewell. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- American botanical collector . Botanist to the United States North Pacific Exploring and Surveying Expedition, 1853–6. Investigated the botany of Cuba, 1856–67. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 6,7,8,12
- American mathematician and philosopher . In 1852, became a calculator for the newly established American ephemeris and nautical almanac, for which he devised new methods of calculation. Recording secretary, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Boston, 1863–70. Published the first of a series of philosophical essays in the North American Review in 1864. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 8,9,12
- Irish naturalist . One of the editors of the Natural History Review, 1854–65. Director of the university museum in Dublin, 1857. Lecturer in zoology, Trinity College, Dublin, 1858–68; professor of botany and keeper of the herbarium, 1869. Resigned the professorship in 1904 owing to ill health, but continued to superintend the herbarium. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Poultry specialist . Author of Illustrated book of poultry (1872). Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Scottish surgeon and palaeontologist . Medical officer of health to the urban district, and surgeon, Cheltenham General Hospital. Formed an extensive collection of Jurassic fossils. FRS 1879. Sources: DNB Medical directory 1862 Sarjeant, W. A. S. 1980–96 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11
- Mathematician and educator . Professor of mathematics at the Royal Military College, Addiscombe, Surrey, 1841–61. Headmaster, Clapham Grammar School, 1862–82. Sources: Alum. Cantab. Modern English biography (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 10,11
- German author of historical and moral stories for young girls. Sources: NUC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American anatomist and ethnologist . Curator of the Lowell Institute, Boston, 1840; lecturer, 1840–1 and 1848–9. Travelled in Europe, 1841–3. Professor of anatomy and physiology, Hampden-Sydney Medical College, Virginia, 1843–8. Hersey Professor of anatomy, Harvard University, 1847–74. Professor and curator, Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard, 1866–74. Sources: DAB DSB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 11,12
- Animal breeder to whom CD addressed questions on breeding. See also Correspondence, volume(s): 2
- German palaeontologist . Sources: Mayer, Gaston 1963 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Zoologist . Newspaper agent and bookseller in London. Author of standard works on British birds and fishes. An original member of the Zoological Society of London from its formation in 1826. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)See also Correspondence, volume(s): 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9
- Irish anatomist and physiologist . Professor of physiology, King's College, London, 1875–90. FRS 1889. Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- American writer , editor , and promoter of science education . Founded the Popular Science Monthly, 1872. Sources: DAB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- German zoologist . Sources: Gilbert, Pamela 1977 (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Swiss ? biologist and microscopist . Sources: IC (See the bibliography for full references to sources)
- Clergyman , traveller and writer . Sources: DNB (See the bibliography for full references to sources)