CD had evidently invited Huxley to Down for the same weekend as he hoped Albert Günther, Joseph Dalton Hooker, and Robert Swinhoe would come (see letter to Albert Günther, 16 January [1870]).

Huxley gave his presidential address to the Geological Society of London on 18 February 1870 (T. H. Huxley 1870b).

Huxley had given a lecture on 9 January 1870 on ‘The forefathers and forerunners of the English people’ under the auspices of the National Sunday League; the text of the lecture was published in the Pall Mall Gazette, 10 January 1870, pp. 8–9. In the lecture, Huxley argued that populations of mixed Celtic and Teutonic (or Saxon) ancestry occurred throughout large parts of Britain and Ireland, so that differences in the behaviour of ‘a Tipperary man’ and ‘a Devonshire man’ had nothing to do with blood. He cautioned, ‘the sooner we leave off drawing political distinctions between Celts and Saxons the better’; and added that there was in any case no sufficient proof of the existence of any difference other than language between Celt and Teuton. His reasoning was criticised in a letter from ‘A Devonshire man’, published in the Pall Mall Gazette, 18 January 1870, p. 6; Huxley published a rejoinder in the Pall Mall Gazette, 21 January 1870, p. 6. The Act for the Disestablishment of the Irish Church had been passed in 1869, and a Land Bill, to improve the conditions of Irish tenants, was under discussion.

Henrietta Anne Huxley.