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Darwin Correspondence Project

To G. J. Romanes   [15 June 1876 or later]1

P.S. You ask about Frank’s discovery; but if I were like you in constant communication with spirits, I shd. not care even for a jelly-fish, & this is the strongest simile I can apply to you.—2

Pray do not mention Frank’s work, as if it were to break down, it would make my mortification greater; but I am almost sure it will not break down.—3 The leaves of the teazle or Dipsacus form cups containing rain-water, in which a vast number of insects are drowned, & F. finds the cups lined with small glands on footstalks. He naturally thought that these wd. secrete digestive fluid, or more probably absorbed decaying fluid, like the quadrifid processes within the bladders of Utricularia.—4 But on placing glands (he has tried a dozen) in a weak solution of C. of Ammonia5 or in an infusion of putrid meat, he saw protruding, always from the centre of the summit of the gland, a small mass of matter, diagram & on observing this he saw it send forth long filaments of the most diversified shapes, which were in constant movement. If a little alcohol (&c) is added under the slide the filaments & whole mass are quickly withdrawn within the gland as I have witnessed. There can hardly be doubt that these protoplasmic mass catch & involve particles of matter; for such particles could be seen travelling down some of the threads, or the matter of the threads was itself travelling quickly. There remains very much to observe & reobserve, for he has had all time taken up with another paper for the Q. M. Journal.6 But I can hardly doubt that we here have a highly organised plant which emits from its cells masses of protoplasm, identical with an amœba or other Protozoan, for the sake of capturing particles of dead organic matter; & this seems to me a wonderful discovery.

C.D

What a capital letter by Dr. Richardson in Nature.—7

Footnotes

The date is established by the reference to Benjamin Ward Richardson’s report (see n. 7, below).
See letter to G. J. Romanes, 4 June [1876], and letter from G. J. Romanes, 11 June [1876]. Romanes had worked on medusae (G. J. Romanes 1875, 1876, and 1876–7).
Francis Darwin’s research was published in F. Darwin 1877b.
On the quadrifid processes (four divergent arms) of Utricularia (bladderwort), see Insectivorous plants, p. 402.
Carbonate of ammonia (ammonium carbonate).
‘The process of aggregation in the tentacles of Drosera rotundifolia’ in the Quarterly Journal of the Microscopical Science (F. Darwin 1876b).
The first part of Richardson’s report (B. W. Richardson 1876) appeared in Nature on 15 June 1876. It was an abstract of his experience of the value of experimentation on animals and of the most useful applications of that research to the alleviation of suffering in animals, including humans.

Bibliography

Insectivorous plants. By Charles Darwin. London: John Murray. 1875.

Richardson, Benjamin Ward. 1876. Abstract report to ‘Nature’ on experimentation on animals for the advance of practical medicine. Nature, 15 June 1876, pp. 149–52; 22 June 1876, pp. 170–2; 29 June 1876, pp. 197–9; 20 July 1876, pp. 250–2; 3 August 1876, pp. 289–91; 17 August 1876, pp. 339–41; 31 August 1876, pp. 369–72.

Summary

Describes discovery by his son [Francis Darwin] of protoplasmic filaments extending from small glands in the leaves of Dipsacus [see Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 26 (1877): 4–8].

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-10520
From
Charles Robert Darwin
To
George John Romanes
Sent from
unstated
Source of text
American Philosophical Society (Mss.B.D25.495)
Physical description
ALS 4pp inc

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 10520,” accessed on 19 April 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-10520.xml

Also published in The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, vol. 24

letter